Dialogue

 502  Gorg|               and governments make or cure. The statesman is well aware
 503  Gorg|               very great evil than of curing another. For I imagine that
 504  Gorg|             as there is also a deeper current of human affairs in which
 505  Gorg|              or the shoemaker, or the currier; and in so doing, being
 506  Gorg|            other. The conventions and customs which we observe in conversation,
 507  Gorg|            Truly.~SOCRATES: And if he cuts, the same argument holds—
 508  Gorg|         Statesman relates to a former cycle of existence, in which men
 509  Gorg|              under which of these two cycles of existence was man the
 510  Gorg|               in modern language as a cynic or materialist, a lover
 511  Gorg|              his theory of knowledge.~d. A few minor points still
 512  Gorg|       counting them worthy of eternal damnation.~We do Plato violence in
 513  Gorg|     characteristics; the fat man, the dandy, the branded slave, are
 514  Gorg|         natures, and scarcely any one dares to think for himself: most
 515  Gorg|          consequences which have been darkly intimated must follow, and
 516  Gorg|                aye, or of Pyrilampes’ darling who is called after them,
 517  Gorg|           allow your son to marry his daughter, or his son to marry yours.
 518  Gorg|            the power of rhetoric, and dazzled by the splendour of success,
 519  Gorg|              mere theorist, nor yet a dealer in expedients; the whole
 520  Gorg|            have us risk that which is dearest on the acquisition of this
 521  Gorg|     contradiction—the thing which you dearly love, and to which not he,
 522  Gorg|              far more subtle than the deceit of any one man. Few persons
 523  Gorg|           ignoble, illiberal, working deceitfully by the help of lines, and
 524  Gorg|             he wishes to preserve the decencies of life. But he cannot consistently
 525  Gorg|        observe, Socrates, that when a decision has to be given in such
 526  Gorg|            nevertheless upon occasion declaim against the utter vileness
 527  Gorg|             argument. And now you are declaiming in this way because Polus
 528  Gorg|              flattery and disgraceful declamation; the other, which is noble
 529  Gorg|              the truly characteristic declaration of Socrates that he is ignorant
 530  Gorg|               way, by word as well as deed, I should try to prevent
 531  Gorg|            But nature, with a view of deepening and enlarging our characters,
 532  Gorg|              life.~And now the combat deepens. In Callicles, far more
 533  Gorg|        Callicles. But he is also more deeply in earnest. He rises higher
 534  Gorg|               compare Charmides). The defect of clearness is also apparent
 535  Gorg|              realities, is due to the defective logical analysis of his
 536  Gorg|             will not the worst of all defences be that with which a man
 537  Gorg|             exhibits great ability in defending himself and attacking Socrates,
 538  Gorg|             you (Chaerephon) suggest, defer the exhibition to some other
 539  Gorg|             the argument. Socrates is deferential towards Gorgias, playful
 540  Gorg|               old Socratic notion, as deferred or accumulated pleasure,
 541  Gorg|                for not because of any deficiency of speed do men act unjustly,
 542  Gorg|              figures; neither can you define rhetoric simply as an art
 543  Gorg|        further limitation, and he now defines rhetoric as the art of persuading
 544  Gorg|           apply, but strive to give a definite form to it? The artist disposes
 545  Gorg|            true.~SOCRATES: And of two deformed things, that which exceeds
 546  Gorg|       disciples of wronging them, and defrauding them of their pay, and showing
 547  Gorg|               in others a tendency to degenerate, as institutions become
 548  Gorg|           animated comparisons of the degradation of philosophy by the arts
 549  Gorg|           consequence of lowering and degrading the soul. And all higher
 550  Gorg|           when we say hastily what we deliberately disapprove; when we do in
 551  Gorg|            whether I was ever so much delighted before, and therefore if
 552  Gorg|             if you will refute me and deliver me from my foolishness.
 553  Gorg|               what art is there which delivers us from poverty? Does not
 554  Gorg|           famous offering which is at Delphi; summon, if you will, the
 555  Gorg|      Testament, or the oracles of the Delphian God; they half conceal,
 556  Gorg|              is given by the pleader, demands only two obols, if he brings
 557  Gorg|      Androtion, and Nausicydes of the deme of Cholarges, studied together:
 558  Gorg|               quite unassuming in his demeanour? The reason is that he is
 559  Gorg|             are the same:—can this be denied, Callicles?~CALLICLES: I
 560  Gorg|            there is no possibility of denying what I say. For my position
 561  Gorg|             been given upon them they departed—the good to the islands
 562  Gorg|              mind by the study of one department of human knowledge to the
 563  Gorg|            The life which you are now depicting is not that of a dead man,
 564  Gorg|      intemperance, and in general the depravity of the soul, are the greatest
 565  Gorg|               inferior, he avoids and depreciates, and praises the opposite
 566  Gorg|             death, and exile, and the deprivation of property are sometimes
 567  Gorg|               the first place, I will deprive men of the foreknowledge
 568  Gorg|          another or exiles another or deprives him of his property, under
 569  Gorg|            against me, in the hope of depriving me of my inheritance, which
 570  Gorg|          mantle of Schleiermacher has descended upon his successors, who
 571  Gorg|               of souls, ascending and descending at either chasm of heaven
 572  Gorg|       government. Then when the storm descends and the winds blow, though
 573  Gorg|               heavenly earth what the desert and the shores of the ocean
 574  Gorg|            Callides; for he who would deserve to be the true natural friend
 575  Gorg|             suffering which they have deserved, they must persuade themselves
 576  Gorg|        Whereupon Polus laughed at you deservedly, as I think; but now he
 577  Gorg|             marks a close and perhaps designed connection between the two
 578  Gorg|               able to carry out their designs, and not the men to faint
 579  Gorg|               have been very far from desiring.~CALLICLES: Do you want
 580  Gorg|           from ignorance. Do not then desist from advising me, now that
 581  Gorg|           suffer extreme misery if he desisted. Are you of the same opinion
 582  Gorg|               sophistry a thing to be despised; whereas the truth is, that
 583  Gorg|           attack and defence. He is a despiser of mankind as he is of philosophy,
 584  Gorg|            And never mind if some one despises you as a fool, and insults
 585  Gorg|              highest interest— others despising the interest, and, as in
 586  Gorg|             danger and is going to be despoiled by his enemies of all his
 587  Gorg|            you saw any one killing or despoiling or imprisoning whom he pleased,
 588  Gorg|             not envy the possessor of despotic power, who can imprison,
 589  Gorg|               rate rhetoricians, like despots, have great power. Socrates
 590  Gorg|               through so as rather to destroy the liveliness and consistency
 591  Gorg|          sense will maintain that the details of the stories about another
 592  Gorg|        consider whether we may not be detaining some part of the company
 593  Gorg|        Rhadamanthus, and he instantly detects him, though he knows not
 594  Gorg|              time he makes a point of determining his main thesis independently
 595  Gorg|               which only punishes and deters. He applies to the sphere
 596  Gorg|            may at any time awaken and develop a new life in us.~Second
 597  Gorg|               words; I would have you develope your own views in your own
 598  Gorg|              plan of the harbour were devised in accordance with the counsels,
 599  Gorg|              law-courts, or any other devourer;—and so he reflects that
 600  Gorg|                An untranslatable pun,—dia to pithanon te kai pistikon
 601  Gorg|           argument is often a sort of dialectical fiction, by which he conducts
 602  Gorg|            consoling us. In religious diaries a sort of drama is often
 603  Gorg|              happiness. When a martyr dies in a good cause, when a
 604  Gorg|            would you say that courage differed from pleasure?~CALLICLES:
 605  Gorg|        concerned with words there are differences. What then distinguishes
 606  Gorg|            and in what the latter way differs from the former. But perhaps
 607  Gorg|             the good of others. It is difficult to say how far in such cases
 608  Gorg|            that they have escaped all difficulties, not seeing that what they
 609  Gorg|            they are stripped of their dignities and preferments; he despatches
 610  Gorg|              the Theaetetus, that the digressions have the greater interest.
 611  Gorg|         excels,’ (Antiope, fragm. 20 (Dindorf).)~but anything in which
 612  Gorg|             stand in the precincts of Dionysus, come with him; or you may
 613  Gorg|              they are discussing; but disagreements are apt to arise —somebody
 614  Gorg|             them in a crisis they are disappointed. Then, as Socrates says,
 615  Gorg|               sophistry’ are likewise discernible in his argument with Callicles.~(
 616  Gorg|             doing. But the habits and discipline received from Hebraism remain
 617  Gorg|         especially in the Apology, he disclaims being a politician at all.
 618  Gorg|              the answer; he tells the disconcerted volunteer that he has mistaken
 619  Gorg|           posterity.~There are always discontented idealists in politics who,
 620  Gorg|               that the truth may seem discourteous; and I hesitate to answer,
 621  Gorg|            speak, not for the sake of discovering the truth, but from jealousy
 622  Gorg|               in this matter, for the discovery of the truth is a common
 623  Gorg|              soul did not discern and discriminate between cookery and medicine,
 624  Gorg|               subjects which they are discussing; but disagreements are apt
 625  Gorg|           than two obols, and when he disembarks is quite unassuming in his
 626  Gorg|           have no shame; I, too, must disencumber myself of shame: and first,
 627  Gorg|         ancient, and we do not easily disengage ourselves from them; for
 628  Gorg|           this, Socrates, I should be disgraced if I refused, especially
 629  Gorg|           that you have ‘a noble soul disguised in a puerile exterior.’
 630  Gorg|          loaves, the second excellent dishes, and the third capital wine;—
 631  Gorg|          health; if they are false or dishonest, they will lose their character.
 632  Gorg|             that I, knowing this, was dishonestly playing between them, appealing
 633  Gorg|         philosophy by the arts to the dishonoured maiden, and of the tyrant
 634  Gorg|             of God, which is the more disinterested, be in like manner the higher?
 635  Gorg|              have his place. Socrates dismisses the appeal to numbers; Polus,
 636  Gorg|             blame of their subsequent disorders on their physicians. In
 637  Gorg|            who goes from city to city displaying his talents, and is celebrated
 638  Gorg|           mankind in general would be displeased if he answered ‘No’; and
 639  Gorg|       definite form to it? The artist disposes all things in order, and
 640  Gorg|              natural rectitude of his disposition, may be found to take up
 641  Gorg|             should bring witnesses in disproof of my statement;—you may,
 642  Gorg|               if the premises are not disproven?~POLUS: Yes; it certainly
 643  Gorg|            with one another. Socrates disproves the first of these statements
 644  Gorg|               had great experience of disputations, and you must have observed,
 645  Gorg|              whether you ought not to disregard length of life, and think
 646  Gorg|              eminent men, a temper of dissatisfaction and criticism springs up
 647  Gorg|         balanced phrases. Socrates is dissatisfied at the length and unmeaningness
 648  Gorg|               case prudence would not dissuade us from proceeding to the
 649  Gorg|              antagonist warily from a distance, with a sort of irony which
 650  Gorg|            may not be remembered by a distant posterity.~There are always
 651  Gorg|          poetry alike supply him with distinctions suited to his view of human
 652  Gorg|           they have lost in truth and distinctness. Metaphysical conceptions
 653  Gorg|            are differences. What then distinguishes rhetoric from the other
 654  Gorg|                and they make laws and distribute praises and censures with
 655  Gorg|           guessing their natures, has distributed herself into four shams
 656  Gorg|           better, or he will have the distribution of all of them by reason
 657  Gorg|           self-love has overthrown or disturbed; and then again we may hear
 658  Gorg|               choral exhibitions, the dithyrambics of Cinesias are all equally
 659  Gorg|      difficulty which has often beset divines, respecting the future destiny
 660  Gorg|          shows that they are commonly divorced—the ordinary politician
 661  Gorg|             and fullers and cooks and doctors, as if this had to do with
 662  Gorg|         Socrates himself. For if such doctrines are true, life must have
 663  Gorg|          fully aware. Neither will he dogmatize about the manner in which
 664  Gorg|            which I assented, call me ‘dolt,’ and deem me unworthy of
 665  Gorg|               see that you mean those dolts, the temperate. But my doctrine
 666  Gorg|          CALLICLES: Well, get on, and don’t keep fooling: then you
 667  Gorg|               inventor of balanced or double forms of speech (compare
 668  Gorg|               the dialogues of Plato, doubts have arisen among his interpreters
 669  Gorg|               to him in some terrible downfall, which may, perhaps, have
 670  Gorg|              Egypt, at the utmost two drachmae, when he has saved, as I
 671  Gorg|           religious diaries a sort of drama is often enacted by the
 672  Gorg|             two greatest of the Greek dramatists owe their sublimity to their
 673  Gorg|              geometry, and of playing draughts; in some of these speech
 674  Gorg|              may be some advantage in drawing out a little the main outlines
 675  Gorg|           though they are regarded as dreamers and visionaries by their
 676  Gorg|             will the dying patriot be dreaming of the praises of man or
 677  Gorg|             own existence. The art of dressing up is the sham or simulation
 678  Gorg|       language, if you do not wish to drive me away. ‘I mean the worthier,
 679  Gorg|             is so great that they are driven to contradict themselves,
 680  Gorg|               coarser particles which drop from the world above, and
 681  Gorg|               in earnest. Finally, he drops the argument, and heedless
 682  Gorg|              example of Heracles, who drove off the oxen of Geryon and
 683  Gorg|             in having been saved from drowning, much less he who has great
 684  Gorg|             with him, and making them drunk, he threw them into a waggon
 685  Gorg|             convictions in a cloud of dust and dialectics, he ends
 686  Gorg|               who performs his public duties at all.’ The two points
 687  Gorg|               as to refute,’ and very eager that Callicles and Socrates
 688  Gorg|            and not Socrates only, are eagerly asking:—About what then
 689  Gorg|           ignorance reminds us of the earlier and more exclusively Socratic
 690  Gorg|             now avails himself of the earliest opportunity to enter the
 691  Gorg|         reflection is the business of early education, which is continued
 692  Gorg|              greater than every other earthly conflict. And I retort your
 693  Gorg|             and parables of Plato the ease and grace of conversation
 694  Gorg|            another form, admits of an easy application to ourselves.
 695  Gorg|             had there to argue in the Ecclesia or any other assembly as
 696  Gorg|       understand that my words are an echo too, and therefore you need
 697  Gorg|            always terminate in mutual edification, or in the definition by
 698  Gorg|           them like himself; he must ‘educate his party’ until they cease
 699  Gorg|               of the real good or bad effects of meats and drinks on the
 700  Gorg|           good natural parts, becomes effeminate. He flies from the busy
 701  Gorg|             wholly on words for their efficacy and power: and I take your
 702  Gorg|             an Oriental, or rather an Egyptian element in them, and they
 703  Gorg|           paupers and thieves) in the Eighth Book of the Republic, who
 704  Gorg|              the Republic is the most elaborate and finished of them. Three
 705  Gorg|             add, that many years have elapsed since any one has asked
 706  Gorg|             to be attributed to these elder statesmen; for they have
 707  Gorg|                or with reviling their elders, he will not be able to
 708  Gorg|            When the assembly meets to elect a physician or a shipwright
 709  Gorg|               which of them should be elected state-physician, the physician
 710  Gorg|              Surely not. For at every election he ought to be chosen who
 711  Gorg|              at the proper age, is an elegant accomplishment, but too
 712  Gorg|               is happiness. From this elevation or exaggeration of feeling
 713  Gorg|        themselves; they must paint in eloquent words the character of their
 714      | elsewhere
 715  Gorg|         disembarked them as when they embarked, and not a whit better either
 716  Gorg|    remembrance of youth, of love, the embodiment in words of the happiest
 717  Gorg|            then, as he says with real emotion, the foundations of society
 718  Gorg|            because they stimulate the emotions; because they are thrice
 719  Gorg|        returns to his old division of empirical habits, or shams, or flatteries,
 720  Gorg|               authority gained by the employment of sacred and familiar names,
 721  Gorg|               splitters of words, and emulate only the man of substance
 722  Gorg|               dwelling.’~Cease, then, emulating these paltry splitters of
 723  Gorg|              his crime. Rhetoric will enable him to display his guilt
 724  Gorg|            regard for public opinion, enables Socrates to detect him in
 725  Gorg|              a sort of drama is often enacted by the consciences of men ‘
 726  Gorg|               lines, and colours, and enamels, and garments, and making
 727  Gorg|         apparelled in fair bodies, or encased in wealth or rank, and,
 728  Gorg|            power, like the Thessalian enchantresses, who, as they say, bring
 729  Gorg|         ironical and sarcastic in his encounter with Callicles. In the first
 730  Gorg|           them idle and cowardly, and encouraged them in the love of talk
 731  Gorg|              matter. First, they have endeavoured to hang the dialogues upon
 732  Gorg|               ought to direct all the energies both of himself and of the
 733  Gorg|             cultivating rhetoric, and engaging in public affairs, according
 734  Gorg|            stronger far the prejudice engendered by a pecuniary or party
 735  Gorg|              we ought all of us to be engine-makers, and that no other profession
 736  Gorg|          foretells no longer await an English statesman, any one who is
 737  Gorg|               either the procurers or enjoyers of them, are deemed by them
 738  Gorg|              say, who might freely be enjoying every good, and has no one
 739  Gorg|            Neither is it necessary to enlarge upon the obvious fact that
 740  Gorg|               a view of deepening and enlarging our characters, has for
 741  Gorg|          before birth? As we likewise enquire, What will become of them
 742  Gorg|             what I am saying; I am an enquirer like yourselves, and therefore,
 743  Gorg|            And I should make the same enquiries about you. And if we arrived
 744  Gorg|          blind to the advantage which ensues from it, not knowing how
 745  Gorg|              complain of the mischief ensuing to themselves from that
 746  Gorg|              there ever was a man who entered on the discussion of a matter
 747  Gorg|              or some other still more enterprising hero shall break them, there
 748  Gorg|            certain element of seeming enters into all things; all or
 749  Gorg|            and loss of flesh to their entertainers; but when in after years
 750  Gorg|      Perdiccas has usurped, and after entertaining him and his son Alexander,
 751  Gorg|               again, and tell me your entire mind.~CALLICLES: I say then
 752  Gorg|             not examine him before we entrusted him with the office? And
 753  Gorg|     accidental form in which they are enveloped.~(1) In the Gorgias, as
 754  Gorg|            Phaedo and Crito: at first enveloping his moral convictions in
 755  Gorg|        SOCRATES: Must I then say with Epicharmus, ‘Two men spoke before,
 756  Gorg|     artificial tale of Prometheus and Epimetheus narrated in his rhetorical
 757  Gorg|               there succeeds a second epoch. After another natural convulsion,
 758  Gorg|           degree which has never been equalled.~The myth in the Phaedrus
 759  Gorg|              twelve days during which Er lay in a trance after he
 760  Gorg|          these. He is thought to have erred in ‘considering the agent
 761  Gorg|              the consideration of the errors to which the idea may have
 762  Gorg|            unjust of men, succeeds in escaping rebuke or correction or
 763  Gorg|             sense, truth and opinion, essence and generation, virtue and
 764  Gorg|                even if successful, is essentially evil, and has the nature
 765  Gorg|        happiness of the just has been established on what is thought to be
 766  Gorg|          animals. There were no great estates, or families, or private
 767  Gorg|            are, that they may win the esteem or admiration of others.
 768  Gorg|              or even worse if rightly estimated. Is not that true?~CALLICLES:
 769  Gorg|           harm; while they proceed to eulogize the men who have been the
 770  Gorg|               like case who strive to evade justice, which they see
 771  Gorg|        atrocious crimes; these suffer everlastingly. And there is another class
 772  Gorg|          competitive art, not against everybody,—the rhetorician ought not
 773      | everywhere
 774  Gorg|         wicked man and yet happy.~The evil-doer is deemed happy if he escapes,
 775  Gorg|               follow. He will neither exaggerate nor undervalue the power
 776  Gorg|            limited, and may be easily exaggerated. We may give Plato too much
 777  Gorg|                From this elevation or exaggeration of feeling Plato seems to
 778  Gorg|               been hardly, if at all, examined either by him or them. Secondly,
 779  Gorg|             wrong. Polus is naturally exasperated at the sophism, which he
 780  Gorg|               as well as present, not excepting the greatest names of history.
 781  Gorg|              most painful and causing excessive pain, or most hurtful, or
 782  Gorg|              and with a brevity which excites the admiration of Socrates.
 783  Gorg|              health and disease, they exclude one another; a man cannot
 784  Gorg|             element of pleasure to be excluded. For when we substitute
 785  Gorg|             of human knowledge to the exclusion of the rest; and stronger
 786  Gorg|               of the earlier and more exclusively Socratic Dialogues. But
 787  Gorg|             But I think that I may be excused, because you did not understand
 788  Gorg|            many years will at last be executed. He is playing for a stake
 789  Gorg|               conceiving, the hand is executing. Although obliged to descend
 790  Gorg|             He will take time for the execution of his plans; not hurrying
 791  Gorg|              runs may read if he will exercise ordinary attention; every
 792  Gorg|              experience that rhetoric exercises great influence over other
 793  Gorg|            drinks, but insists on his exercising self-restraint. And this
 794  Gorg|             for Gorgias has just been exhibiting to us many fine things.~
 795  Gorg|   Flute-playing, harp-playing, choral exhibitions, the dithyrambics of Cinesias
 796  Gorg|               And, in return for your exhortation of me, I exhort you also
 797  Gorg|            only flatters them, and he exhorts Callicles to choose the
 798  Gorg|             fined, if of exile, to be exiled, if of death, to die, himself
 799  Gorg|         rhetorician, kills another or exiles another or deprives him
 800  Gorg|             then. For he may have the existing order of society against
 801  Gorg|           such a community of feeling exists between himself and Callicles,
 802  Gorg|              introduced; the argument expands into a general view of the
 803  Gorg|              has not equally deceived expectations. Such sentiments may be
 804  Gorg|            what is right, but what is expedient. The only measures of which
 805  Gorg|         theorist, nor yet a dealer in expedients; the whole and the parts
 806  Gorg|            walls or docks or military expeditions, the rhetorician is not
 807  Gorg|              in the Republic they are expelled the State, because they
 808  Gorg|               is the true poet?~Plato expels the poets from his Republic
 809  Gorg|            authority, but he will not expend or make use of a larger
 810  Gorg|              rather perhaps trying an experiment in dialectics. Nothing can
 811  Gorg|               physician, or any other expert. And he is said to be ignorant,
 812  Gorg|              meaning and that you are explaining nothing?—will you tell me
 813  Gorg|            and moral condition. Polus explains that Archelaus was a slave,
 814  Gorg|            And the word ‘drinking’ is expressive of pleasure, and of the
 815  Gorg|             considering that Socrates expressly mentions the duty of imparting
 816  Gorg|       continuous images; some of them extend over several pages, appearing
 817  Gorg|            external actions. Socrates extends this distinction further,
 818  Gorg|             not on power or riches or extension of territory, but on an
 819  Gorg|               elsewhere, that the two extremes of human character are rarely
 820  Gorg|             borrowed from another—the faded reflection of some French
 821  Gorg|        especially when his powers are failing, think of that other ‘city
 822  Gorg|           designs, and not the men to faint from want of soul.~SOCRATES:
 823  Gorg|             medicine, justice—and the fairest of these is justice. Happy
 824  Gorg|         reward is deemed to be a more faithful servant than he who works
 825  Gorg|       dialectics. Nothing can be more fallacious than the contradiction which
 826  Gorg|    inconsistency to be explained?~The fallacy of this argument is twofold;
 827  Gorg|             you may think that I have fallen-upon one condition:~POLUS: What
 828  Gorg|           trifles of courtesy and the familiarities of daily life are not overlooked.~
 829  Gorg|            writer or speaker, and the familiarity of the associations employed.~
 830  Gorg|               or mother or one of his familiars or friends; but that is
 831  Gorg|             were no great estates, or families, or private possessions,
 832  Gorg|          cobbler larger shoes, or the farmer more seed? ‘You are always
 833  Gorg|               injustice. Though he is fascinated by the power of rhetoric,
 834  Gorg|              And those whom they have fattened applaud them, instead of
 835  Gorg|            very likely be filling and fattening men’s bodies and gaining
 836  Gorg|           punishments may be compared favourably with that perversion of
 837  Gorg|       Themistocles, Pericles, are his favourites. His ideal of human character
 838  Gorg|               being judged, there was favouritism, and Zeus, when he came
 839  Gorg|            enemy of the Sophists; but favours the new art of rhetoric,
 840  Gorg|             have heard men singing at feasts the old drinking song, in
 841  Gorg|               the most characteristic feature of the Gorgias is the assertion
 842  Gorg|          voice heard by Ardiaeus, are features of the great allegory which
 843  Gorg|             man of ability can easily feign the language of piety or
 844  Gorg|               a real regard for their fellow-citizens. Granted; then there are
 845  Gorg|              cannot tell which of his fellow-passengers he has benefited, and which
 846  Gorg|        pancratiast or other master of fence;—because he has powers which
 847  Gorg|            reason why the trainers or fencing-masters should be held in detestation
 848  Gorg|            art of playing the lyre at festivals?~CALLICLES: Yes.~SOCRATES:
 849  Gorg|             you never heard a man use fewer words.~SOCRATES: Very good
 850  Gorg|            them gentle, and made them fiercer than they were when he received
 851  Gorg|                He has no intention of fighting an uphill battle; he keeps
 852  Gorg|        liquids, and the streams which fill them are few and scanty,
 853  Gorg|            the other leaky; the first fils his jars, and has no more
 854  Gorg|            bound, if of a fine, to be fined, if of exile, to be exiled,
 855  Gorg|               clothed in the best and finest of them?~CALLICLES: Fudge
 856  Gorg|            apparent, the infinite and finite, harmony or beauty and discord,
 857  Gorg|            way, or setting a house on fire, is real power. To this
 858  Gorg|         themselves, they must acquire firmness and consistency; if they
 859  Gorg|            are ministers of the body, first-rate in their art; for the first
 860  Gorg|             in which we dwell. As the fishes live in the ocean, mankind
 861  Gorg|             and justice. And when the fit of illness comes, the citizens
 862  Gorg|          weakness in the same way, by fits?~CALLICLES: Yes.~SOCRATES:
 863  Gorg|              reveal to us by a sudden flash the thoughts of many hearts.
 864  Gorg|             if I die for want of your flattering rhetoric, I shall die in
 865  Gorg|           better, and that which only flatters them, and he exhorts Callicles
 866  Gorg|                becomes effeminate. He flies from the busy centre and
 867  Gorg|                The Sophists are still floundering about the distinction of
 868  Gorg|          pleasure is the Heracleitean flux transferred to the sphere
 869  Gorg|           they are to be described as follies or absurdities:~‘For they
 870  Gorg|            their leader and not their follower, but in order to lead he
 871  Gorg|         opinion; he must accustom his followers to act together. Although
 872  Gorg|               and therefore he is not fond of life; he leaves all that
 873  Gorg|                as Euripides says, ‘is fondest of that in which he is best.’
 874  Gorg|          Plato’s writings: for he is ‘fooled to the top of his bent’
 875  Gorg|                get on, and don’t keep fooling: then you will know what
 876  Gorg|             me and deliver me from my foolishness. And I hope that refute
 877  Gorg|                and for myself, Heaven forbid that I should have any business
 878  Gorg|             board are all that he can fore see—two or three weeks moves
 879  Gorg|               not bring them into the foreground, or expect to discern them
 880  Gorg|           taken from men the power of foreseeing death, and brings together
 881  Gorg|      consequences are not weighed and foreseen, are of this impotent and
 882  Gorg|               politician, although he foresees the dangers which await
 883  Gorg|              consequences which Plato foretells no longer await an English
 884  Gorg|              be delivered. And often, forgetful of measure and order, he
 885  Gorg|           drink more of the waters of forgetfulness than is good for them is
 886  Gorg|            upon giving them pleasure, forgetting the public good in the thought
 887  Gorg|                we are made aware that formal logic has as yet no existence.
 888  Gorg|         against the few strong in the formation of society (which is indeed
 889  Gorg|               he may become great and formidable, this would seem to be the
 890  Gorg|          summed up in an arithmetical formula:—~Tiring : gymnastic : cookery :
 891  Gorg|          trampling under foot all our formularies, and then the light of natural
 892  Gorg|            trample under foot all our formulas and spells and charms, and
 893  Gorg|               he suppose that God has forsaken him or that the future is
 894  Gorg|               you agree with me I may fortify myself by the assent of
 895  Gorg|           would answer.~SOCRATES: How fortunate! will you ask him, Chaerephon—?~
 896  Gorg|              his opponents; the least forwardness or egotism on their part
 897  Gorg|             you change, backwards and forwards. When the Athenian Demus
 898  Gorg|             easily persuaded that the fouler of two things must exceed
 899  Gorg|           disease, injustice; and the foulest of these is injustice, the
 900  Gorg|           says with real emotion, the foundations of society are upside down.
 901  Gorg|              The idealism of Plato is founded upon this sentiment. He
 902  Gorg|           Hunter, Preface to Orissa.)~Fourth Thesis:—~To be and not to
 903  Gorg|            have said that not Pitt or Fox, or Canning or Sir R. Peel,
 904  Gorg|               our friend Socrates, of Foxton, say—does he assent to this,
 905  Gorg|         imaginary history, which is a fragment only, commenced in the Timaeus
 906  Gorg|      existence. The old difficulty of framing a definition recurs. The
 907  Gorg|               saint, St. Bernard, St. Francis, St. Catharine of Sienna,
 908  Gorg|           proverb says, is late for a fray, but not for a feast.~SOCRATES:
 909  Gorg|             Athens, which is the most free-spoken state in Hellas, you when
 910  Gorg|              faded reflection of some French or German or Italian writer,
 911  Gorg|           argument of the dialogue is frequently referred to, and the meaning
 912  Gorg|          sense; leave to others these frivolities; walk in the ways of the
 913  Gorg|             arts which act always and fulfil all their ends through the
 914  Gorg|             in other states, who have fulfilled their trust righteously;
 915  Gorg|                Gorgias; but he is not fulfilling the promise which he made
 916  Gorg|                 is sufficient for the fulfilment of many great purposes.
 917  Gorg|         children in politics, or with full- grown men, seek to do for
 918  Gorg|               talking of cobblers and fullers and cooks and doctors, as
 919  Gorg|         commentators on Scripture, is fully aware. Neither will he dogmatize
 920  Gorg|              skilful boxer,—he in the fulness of his strength goes and
 921  Gorg|              imagine that I am making fun of his own profession. For
 922  Gorg|              express any doubt of the fundamental truths of morality. He evidently
 923  Gorg|             and in fair weather sails gallantly along. But unpopularity
 924  Gorg|            carrying you off, you will gape and your head will swim
 925  Gorg|                or almost dropped, the garb of mythology. He suggests
 926  Gorg|           human beings: they are also garnished with names and phrases taken
 927  Gorg|             you talk will be found to gather treasures, not for himself,
 928  Gorg|            with a view to philosophy, gathering from every nature some addition
 929  Gorg|             the evil.’~All literature gathers into itself many elements
 930  Gorg|          speculative turn of mind, he generalizes the bad side of human nature,
 931  Gorg|              of the Republic, who are generated in the transition from timocracy
 932  Gorg|             on the body, which has no generic name, but may also be described
 933  Gorg|               he is described as of a generous nature; he expresses his
 934  Gorg|          still be in our own day in a genial and sympathetic society.
 935  Gorg|             or noble depends upon the genius of the writer or speaker,
 936  Gorg|             them to proceed. Socrates gently points out the supposed
 937  Gorg|         several branches:—this is the genus of which rhetoric is only
 938  Gorg|               after the manner of the geometricians (for I think that by this
 939  Gorg|          reflection of some French or German or Italian writer, have
 940  Gorg|          according to my view, is the ghost or counterfeit of a part
 941  Gorg|              art of making stories of ghosts and apparitions credible
 942  Gorg|             do:—there you would stand giddy and gaping, and not having
 943  Gorg|            his fancy and exhibits his gifts of language and metre. Such
 944  Gorg|               of Scellius, who is the giver of that famous offering
 945  Gorg|            earth and heaven in one, a glorified earth, fairer and purer
 946  Gorg|           that at first, Pericles was glorious and his character unimpeached
 947  Gorg|              they will have crowns of glory in another world, when their
 948  Gorg|              in modern times, such as Goethe or Wordsworth, who have
 949  Gorg|      sufficient evidence of your real good- will to me. And of the frankness
 950  Gorg|       Socrates he is soon restored to good-humour, and compelled to assent
 951  Gorg|              in while running after a goose, and had been killed. And
 952  Gorg|               die is better for them (Gor.): (13) the treatment of
 953  Gorg|           human evils which kings and governments make or cure. The statesman
 954  Gorg|               is best.’ Philosophy is graceful in youth, like the lisp
 955  Gorg|           which have an indescribable grandeur and power. The remark already
 956  Gorg|              talk, Callicles, in your grandiose style, he would bury you
 957  Gorg|               remark that if a person grants you anything in play, you,
 958  Gorg|      presented in the most lively and graphic manner, but they are never
 959  Gorg|             added (6) the tale of the grasshoppers, and (7) the tale of Thamus
 960  Gorg|               you will give no advice gratis is held to be dishonourable?~
 961  Gorg|              is celebrated throughout Greece. Like all the Sophists in
 962  Gorg|            dead came to life, the old grew middle-aged, and the middle-aged
 963  Gorg|              do so, that would indeed grieve me. But if I died because
 964  Gorg|            when he has got you in his grip and is carrying you off,
 965  Gorg|            your only philosopher: the grotesque and rather paltry image
 966  Gorg|              of education; but when a grown-up man lisps or studies philosophy,
 967  Gorg|              Socrates, having already guarded against objections by distinguishing
 968  Gorg|           flattery knowing, or rather guessing their natures, has distributed
 969  Gorg|                and were not under the guidance of the soul, and the soul
 970  Gorg|               themselves. As they are guided by feeling rather than by
 971  Gorg|               themselves: to be their guides in danger, their saviours
 972  Gorg|           reversed, God withdraws his guiding hand, and man is left to
 973  Gorg|             enable him to display his guilt in proper colours, and to
 974  Gorg|           friend, you know nothing of gymnastics; those of whom you are speaking
 975  Gorg|            but I must complain of the habitual trifling of Socrates; he
 976  Gorg|              that of all the souls in Hades, meaning the invisible world (
 977  Gorg|              captain in the Republic, half-blind and deaf, but with penetrating
 978  Gorg|               and then his cousin and half-brother, obtained the kingdom. This
 979  Gorg|              led into a half-serious, half-comic vein of reflection. ‘Who
 980  Gorg|               would fain say, and the half-conscious feeling is strengthened
 981  Gorg|            told that we are more than half-inclined to believe them (compare
 982  Gorg|       Socrates in reply is led into a half-serious, half-comic vein of reflection. ‘
 983  Gorg|              they have endeavoured to hang the dialogues upon one another
 984  Gorg|            penalty of disease, he who happens to be near them at the time,
 985  Gorg|         Athenians and the plan of the harbour were devised in accordance
 986  Gorg|             there is another class of hardly-curable sinners who are allowed
 987  Gorg|               but is due to order and harmonious arrangement. And the soul
 988  Gorg|               compels the one part to harmonize and accord with the other
 989  Gorg|             speculation are perfectly harmonized; for there is no necessary
 990  Gorg|            circumstances; when we say hastily what we deliberately disapprove;
 991  Gorg|              not altogether ceased to haunt the world at the present
 992  Gorg|             good; they avoid the busy haunts of men, and skulk in corners,
 993  Gorg|               of which they put their heads for a moment or two and
 994  Gorg|            there are three arts which heal these evils—trading, medicine,
 995  Gorg|          shall refute and answer me. ‘Healthy,’ as I conceive, is the
 996  Gorg|              tell you now is not mere hearsay, but well known both to
 997  Gorg|                has sunk deep into the heart of the human race. It is
 998  Gorg|           every part, some fancy of a heated brain is worked out with
 999  Gorg|           world above, and is to that heavenly earth what the desert and
1000  Gorg|              discipline received from Hebraism remain for our race an eternal
1001  Gorg|           praise knowing; for we have Hebraized too much and have overvalued