Book
1 1 | another; and if in war there ought to be common meals and certain
2 1 | that a well governed state ought to be so ordered as to conquer
3 1 | Athenian. And you and I ought not to raise a question
4 1 | view to war.~Cleinias. What ought we to say then?~Athenian.
5 1 | all means.~Athenian. You ought to have said, Stranger—The
6 1 | intercourse with one another, he ought to consider their pains
7 1 | sort of enumeration which ought to be made of the remaining
8 1 | Lacedaemonian Stranger. But how ought we to define courage? Is
9 1 | pain, conquering what they ought to conquer, and superior
10 1 | subjects. Now the legislator ought to have considered that
11 1 | when, and as much as he ought, is happy; and this holds
12 1 | of whatever sort, there ought to be a leader?~Cleinias.
13 1 | men are at war the leader ought to be a brave man?~Cleinias.
14 1 | more so.~Athenian. And we ought, if possible, to provide
15 1 | these cords which every man ought to grasp and never let go,
16 1 | several other kinds. Now we ought always to cooperate with
17 1 | will prove to us that we ought to encourage the taste for
18 1 | which asserts that a man ought of his own accord to plunge
19 1 | valiant and bold; now we ought to train ourselves on these
20 2 | always to hate what you ought to hate, and love what you
21 2 | hate, and love what you ought to love from the beginning
22 2 | is the order of the day, ought not he to be honoured most,
23 2 | well can you tell me who ought to be the victor?~Cleinias.
24 2 | old men adjudge victors ought to win; for our ways are
25 2 | inspiration from the theatre, nor ought he to be unnerved by the
26 2 | again, knowing the truth, ought he through cowardice and
27 2 | their instructor, and he ought to be the enemy of all pandering
28 2 | ruin of the theatre; they ought to be having characters
29 2 | they may learn, as they ought, to like the one, and to
30 2 | the poet to express, as he ought, by fair and noble words,
31 2 | you were just now saying ought to prevail.~Athenian. Let
32 2 | best kind of song and music ought not to seek for that which
33 2 | legislator; and that he ought to enact laws of the banquet,
34 2 | good sense and good laws ought not to drink wine, so that
35 3 | them properly, and as they ought to have done, and numerous
36 3 | persons say that legislators ought to impose such laws as the
37 3 | state and every individual ought to pray and strive for wisdom.~
38 3 | statesman and legislator ought to ordain laws with a view
39 3 | arguing that the good lawgiver ought to order all with a view
40 3 | legislation; whereas you ought to regard all virtue, and
41 3 | does not know these things ought never to have any kind of
42 3 | Good; and what measures ought the legislator to have then
43 3 | and may easily say what ought to have been done at that
44 3 | instance, just now, that there ought to be no great and unmixed
45 3 | under the idea that a state ought to be free and wise and
46 3 | harmonious, and that a legislator ought to legislate with a view
47 3 | the modes of expression ought not to disturb us.~Cleinias.
48 3 | to be given. For no man ought to have pre–eminent honour
49 3 | Megillus. True.~Athenian. And ought not the legislator to determine
50 3 | of man allows, must and ought to distribute honour and
51 3 | reverence, of which the good man ought to be a willing servant,
52 3 | ask, because the argument ought to be pulled up from time
53 3 | maintaining that the lawgiver ought to have three things in
54 4 | Athenian. Because no city ought to be easily able to imitate
55 4 | you can organize it?” How ought he to answer this question?
56 4 | to be referred?~Megillus. Ought I to answer first, since
57 4 | their rulers, the true state ought to be called by the name
58 4 | issue. Men say that the law ought not to regard either military
59 4 | examining when we spoke of who ought to govern whom. Did we not
60 4 | conclusion that parents ought to govern their children,
61 4 | think?~Cleinias. Every man ought to make up his mind that
62 4 | things which have. Now God ought to be to us the measure
63 4 | is the mark at which we ought to aim. But what weapons
64 4 | And all his life long he ought never to utter, or to have
65 4 | good hope. And how a man ought to order what relates to
66 4 | speak; if you know what we ought to say and do, you can surely
67 4 | saying, that the legislator ought not to allow the poets to
68 4 | point, sweet friends, which ought to be, and never is, regarded
69 5 | but no one honours as he ought; for honour is a divine
70 5 | whereas, in our opinion, he ought to honour her as second
71 5 | tells them that the young ought always to be reverential.
72 5 | envious, who thinks that he ought to get the better by defaming
73 5 | wherefore I say that good men ought, when occasion demands,
74 5 | Every man by nature is and ought to be his own friend.” Whereas
75 5 | honourable, and thinks that he ought always to prefer himself
76 5 | who would be a great man ought to regard, not himself or
77 5 | the practices which men ought to follow, and as to the
78 5 | sort of persons who they ought severally to be. But of
79 5 | into a single lake, we ought to attend and take care
80 5 | shall be built; for there ought to be no disputes among
81 5 | to ten. Every legislator ought to know so much arithmetic
82 5 | least part of all these ought not to be disturbed by the
83 5 | the feelings which they ought to entertain to the Gods
84 5 | may always remain, they ought to consider further that
85 5 | reason of bereavement, we ought not to introduce citizens
86 5 | making money; no man either ought, or indeed will be allowed,
87 5 | say that gold and silver ought not to be allowed in the
88 5 | Wherefore, also, the legislator ought often to impress upon himself
89 5 | the value of the lot; this ought to be preserved, and no
90 5 | equalization of the soil ought to be maintained; the badness
91 5 | manner of settlement.~Now we ought by all means to consider
92 5 | worthy of any regard at all, ought always to make his work
93 5 | 5040; wherefore the law ought to order phratries and demes
94 6 | to the colony, but they ought to take the utmost pains
95 6 | and such a mean the state ought always to observe; for servants
96 6 | principle of states, at which we ought to aim, and according to
97 6 | presiding body of the state ought always to have the control
98 6 | divided into twelve portions, ought there not to be appointed
99 6 | Cleinias. To be sure there ought.~Athenian. Let us assume,
100 6 | assume, then, that there ought to be servants of the temples,
101 6 | country, his daily food ought to be of a simple and humble
102 6 | the competitors, and he ought not to be less than thirty
103 6 | Wherefore the legislator ought not to allow the education
104 6 | suffer, and how much more he ought to pay to the public treasury,
105 6 | against the state, the people ought to participate, for when
106 6 | the decision. Such causes ought to originate with the people,
107 6 | with the people, and the ought also to have the final decision
108 6 | with us are young men, we ought not only to legislate for
109 6 | and guardian of the law ought to keep in view. There was
110 6 | impediment, the good man ought to show that he utterly
111 6 | what a man and a citizen ought or ought not to be, praise
112 6 | man and a citizen ought or ought not to be, praise and blame
113 6 | let him first hear how he ought to seek after what is suitable
114 6 | good parents—O my son, you ought to make such a marriage
115 6 | fitting in all his actions, ought to desire to become the
116 6 | is of the opposite temper ought to seek the opposite alliance.
117 6 | perceiving that the city ought to be well mingled like
118 6 | lives a bride and bridegroom ought to have all their wits about
119 6 | their wits about them—they ought to take care that their
120 6 | can say? Moreover, they ought not to begetting children
121 6 | he is begetting children, ought to take care and not intentionally
122 6 | the like examples, what ought we to do concerning property
123 6 | and that no man of sense ought to trust them? And the wisest
124 6 | to his inferiors. Slaves ought to be punished as they deserve,
125 6 | language used to a servant ought always to be that of a command,
126 6 | that of a command, and we ought not to jest with them, whether
127 6 | hitherto uninhabited, care ought to be taken of all the buildings,
128 6 | finely expressed, that “walls ought to be of steel and iron,
129 6 | walls, the private houses ought to be so arranged from the
130 6 | excavations. Further, they ought to take care that the rains
131 6 | way bride and bridegroom ought to live in a city which
132 6 | under the idea that they ought not to eat them, and might
133 6 | life, and the time of birth ought to be written down in the
134 7 | fear has such a power we ought to infer from these facts,
135 7 | sorrows more than a good man ought to be?~Cleinias. Certainly.~
136 7 | too, who would be divine ought to pursue after this mean
137 7 | myself agree that all men ought to avoid the life of unmingled
138 7 | upon this, Cleinias, you ought to bind together the new
139 7 | saying about slaves, that we ought neither to add insult to
140 7 | the ages of three and six ought to meet at the temples the
141 7 | powers of attack and defence ought not in any case to leave
142 7 | of Geryon or Briareus he ought to be able with his hundred
143 7 | gymnastic which I said at first ought to be described; if you
144 7 | calculating for the year what they ought to be, and at what time,
145 7 | of Gods, and heroes they ought to be celebrated; and, in
146 7 | the next place, what hymns ought to be sung at the several
147 7 | the palm of victory. Now, ought we not to forbid such strains
148 7 | next musical law or type? Ought not prayers to be offered
149 7 | what kind of sports? We ought to live sacrificing, and
150 7 | will of the Gods. And this ought to be the view of our alumni;
151 7 | view of our alumni; they ought to think that what has been
152 7 | any one deny that women ought to share as far as possible
153 7 | I think. The legislator ought to be whole and perfect,
154 7 | not half a man only; he ought not to let the female sex
155 7 | employment of life. For there ought to be no bye–work interfering
156 7 | to this end all freemen ought to arrange the way in which
157 7 | not chastise them when he ought, or chastises them in a
158 7 | chastises them in a way which he ought not; let him keep a sharp
159 7 | far as possible, the law ought to leave nothing to him,
160 7 | But now we say that he ought to attend to them. A fair
161 7 | first of all, what the young ought to learn in the early years
162 7 | and what their instructors ought to teach them. They ought
163 7 | ought to teach them. They ought to be occupied with their
164 7 | them, saying that these ought to be committed to memory,
165 7 | teacher and the learner ought to use the sounds of the
166 7 | gymnastic. For boys and girls ought to learn to dance and practise
167 7 | practise gymnastic exercises—ought they not?~Cleinias. Yes.~
168 7 | Athenian. Then the boys ought to have dancing masters,
169 7 | and he will know whom he ought to choose, and will be anxious
170 7 | Of all these things there ought to be public teachers, receiving
171 7 | extent of saying that women ought not to neglect military
172 7 | who is good for a thing ought to be able, when he thinks,
173 7 | studies which our youth ought to learn, for they are innocent
174 7 | Athenian. Men say that we ought not to enquire into the
175 7 | our citizens and our youth ought to learn about the nature
176 7 | then all these matters ought to be learned so far as
177 7 | and the true legislator ought not only to write his laws,
178 7 | And the perfect citizen ought to seek to strengthen these
179 8 | are the very persons who ought to take note of what is
180 8 | distinguishing those which ought to be separated from the
181 8 | festivals, and those which ought not. Further, they shall
182 8 | that like an individual she ought to live happily. And those
183 8 | wrong to one another, and ought not themselves to be wronged
184 8 | Wherefore the citizens ought to practise war—not in time
185 8 | liberty of speech in poitry, ought to apply equally to men
186 8 | against ten. As to what a man ought not to suffer or do, and
187 8 | in fighting in armour—we ought to call in skilful persons,
188 8 | dancing in general. What they ought severally to be in language
189 8 | legislator; and his successors ought to follow him, making the
190 8 | these three sorts of love, ought the law to prohibit and
191 8 | following terms: Our citizens ought not to fall below the nature
192 8 | then, whether it is one, or ought rather to be called two,
193 8 | court determine what he ought to suffer or pay. In the
194 8 | bitter thing. Wherefore a man ought to be very careful of committing
195 8 | the wardens of the agora ought to see to the details of
196 9 | agreed that such enactments ought always to have a short prelude,
197 9 | the lots of the citizens ought always to continue the same
198 9 | they are of many kinds, ought not the legislator to adapt
199 9 | all others.~Athenian. And ought the legislator alone among
200 9 | you unfold and read them, ought to be by far the noblest
201 9 | whether the laws of states ought not to have the character
202 9 | cases only, the legislator ought to inflict death as the
203 9 | laws concerning these last ought to have a character of severity.~
204 9 | that he who would be happy ought not to seek to be rich,
205 9 | prosecute the homicide when he ought, and have him proclaimed
206 9 | or saying, or whatever we ought to call it, has been plainly
207 9 | determine what penalty he ought to pay or suffer who has
208 9 | himself.~Cleinias. And what ought the legislator to decide,
209 9 | legislator to decide, and what ought he to leave to courts of
210 9 | determine whether he or she ought to die, or suffer some other
211 9 | every man, woman, or child ought to consider that the elder
212 9 | wantonness or insolence, and ought to be punished, he shall
213 9 | are inflicted during life ought not in such cases to fall
214 9 | he has stricken that he ought to be released. And let
215 10| who has anything in him ought never to weary of persuading
216 10| weary of persuading men; he ought to leave nothing unsaid
217 10| just now mentioning; he ought to support the law and also
218 10| which of these ten motions ought we to prefer as being the
219 10| answer; and therefore I ought to assist you in framing
220 10| without or in whatever way, ought by every man to be deemed
221 10| because they know that they ought not to care about such matters—
222 10| and do not know that they ought to take care, or that they
223 11| heap of treasure, what he ought to suffer at the hands of
224 11| let him be freed, as he ought to be, by the state, which
225 11| offer to do whatever he ought, so far as he can; and he
226 11| others. Now a legislator ought not to leave the matter
227 11| matter undetermined; he ought to prescribe some limit,
228 11| their subjects; for all men ought to reverence any one who
229 11| write up what the seller ought and ought not to do in each
230 11| what the seller ought and ought not to do in each case;
231 11| adversity. And the legislator ought always to be devising a
232 11| implements and works, and they ought not to deceive in such matters,
233 11| free states the man of art ought not to attempt to impose
234 11| the family, esteeming as I ought the feelings of an individual
235 11| have lost their parents, we ought to take measures that the
236 11| guardian and magistrate ought to apply his mind, if he
237 11| Greater differences than there ought to be sometimes arise between
238 11| of parents are, as they ought to be, mighty against their
239 11| court determine what he ought to pay or suffer, and any
240 11| let the court fix what he ought to pay or suffer.~When a
241 11| and nothing of that sort ought to be allowed to occur in
242 11| practice destitute of any art, ought if possible never to come
243 12| of this the legislator ought to be better informed than
244 12| and victory in war. And we ought in time of peace from youth
245 12| may add that all dances ought to be performed with view
246 12| who is engaged in any suit ought to be very careful of bringing
247 12| honour and justice. A witness ought to be very careful not to
248 12| mentioned; for the bad man ought always to be punished, in
249 12| Wherefore the examiners ought to be admirable in every
250 12| and what the magistrate ought to suffer or pay, according
251 12| to have thought that he ought to commit judgment to no
252 12| suits a rational legislation ought to do away with the oaths
253 12| to the city; but if they ought to pay a larger sum, the
254 12| goodness. And our Cretan colony ought also to acquire the fairest
255 12| festivals of the Muses; such ought to have entertainment provided
256 12| who serve their country ought to serve without receiving
257 12| receiving gifts, and there ought to be no excusing or approving
258 12| various reasons, every man ought to have had his property
259 12| which the righteous judge ought to have in his mind as the
260 12| If this be true, a man ought not to waste his substance
261 12| The guardians of the law ought to take especial care of
262 12| the statesman should look, ought he, in the first place,
263 12| country is to be perfect, we ought to have some institution,
264 12| virtues and all other things ought to have regard?~Athenian.
265 12| one thing to which they ought to look; and now we may
266 12| Stranger.~Athenian. Well, but ought we not to desire to see
267 12| anything greater?~Athenian. And ought not the interpreters, the
268 12| impossible.~Athenian. Then we ought to proceed to some more
269 12| perfect in every respect, ought not only to be able to see
270 12| being one, we call as we ought, by the single name of virtue.
271 12| Cleinias. Certainly, it ought to be, if it can be.~Ast.
272 12| true guardians of the laws ought to know the truth about
273 12| discover themselves what they ought to learn, or become the
274 12| and during which, they ought to receive the several kinds
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