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Dialogue
1 Intro| which is called by his name. Theaetetus himself is not distinguished 2 Intro| the necessity of taking Theaetetus along with him is several 3 Intro| reminiscence of the old Theaetetus in his remark that he will 4 Intro| claimed an affinity with Theaetetus, grounded on the likeness 5 Intro| lawyer and philosopher in the Theaetetus. The following are characteristic 6 Intro| speak of true falsehood, as Theaetetus does (Theaet.), is a contradiction 7 Intro| the Cratylus and Sophist. ‘Theaetetus is flying,’ is a sentence 8 Intro| quite as grammatical as ‘Theaetetus is sitting’; the difference 9 Intro| philosophy. Both in the Theaetetus and in the Sophist he recognizes 10 Intro| doctrine are described in the Theaetetus as obstinate persons who 11 Intro| Sophist is the sequel of the Theaetetus, and is connected with the 12 Intro| compare Introductions to Theaetetus and Parmenides). In the 13 Intro| and Parmenides). In the Theaetetus we sought to discover the 14 Intro| previous day, Theodorus and Theaetetus meet Socrates at the same 15 Intro| question by Theodorus and Theaetetus; and he at once replies 16 Intro| chooses as his respondent Theaetetus, whom he already knows, 17 Intro| plurality and unity? You, Theaetetus, have the might of youth, 18 Intro| them or not. For tell me, Theaetetus, do you understand what 19 Intro| am acquainted with them, Theaetetus, and know their ways better 20 Intro| example, in the sentence, ‘Theaetetus sits,’ which is not very 21 Intro| which is not very long, ‘Theaetetus’ is the subject, and in 22 Intro| subject, and in the sentence ‘Theaetetus flies,’ ‘Theaetetus’ is 23 Intro| sentence ‘Theaetetus flies,’ ‘Theaetetus’ is again the subject. But 24 Intro| man cannot imitate you, Theaetetus, without knowing you, but 25 Soph| THE DIALOGUE: Theodorus, Theaetetus, Socrates. An Eleatic Stranger, 26 Soph| Stranger, whom Theodorus and Theaetetus bring with them. The younger 27 Soph| you to take a young person—Theaetetus, for example—unless you 28 Soph| object to your proposal, that Theaetetus should respond, having already 29 Soph| recommended by you to take him.~THEAETETUS: But are you sure, Stranger, 30 Soph| You hear them applauding, Theaetetus; after that, there is nothing 31 Soph| your friends and not of me.~THEAETETUS: I do not think that I shall 32 Soph| can suggest a better way.~THEAETETUS: Indeed I cannot.~STRANGER: 33 Soph| pattern of the greater?~THEAETETUS: Good.~STRANGER: What is 34 Soph| interesting or important person.~THEAETETUS: He is not.~STRANGER: Yet 35 Soph| of enquiry which we want.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Let 36 Soph| art, but some other power.~THEAETETUS: He is clearly a man of 37 Soph| arts there are two kinds?~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 38 Soph| called by a single name.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean? And what 39 Soph| is said to be produced.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And all 40 Soph| this power of producing?~THEAETETUS: They are.~STRANGER: Then 41 Soph| productive or creative art.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Next 42 Soph| may be called acquisitive.~THEAETETUS: Yes, that is the proper 43 Soph| place the art of the angler?~THEAETETUS: Clearly in the acquisitive 44 Soph| may be termed conquest?~THEAETETUS: That is implied in what 45 Soph| conquest be again subdivided?~THEAETETUS: How?~STRANGER: Open force 46 Soph| general name of hunting?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And there 47 Soph| not be further divided.~THEAETETUS: How would you make the 48 Soph| living and of lifeless prey.~THEAETETUS: Yes, if both kinds exist.~ 49 Soph| be called animal hunting.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And animal 50 Soph| after animals who swim?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And of 51 Soph| the other in the water?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Fowling 52 Soph| of all birds is included.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: The hunting 53 Soph| general name of fishing.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And this 54 Soph| into two principal kinds?~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 55 Soph| which takes them by a blow.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean, and how 56 Soph| rightly called an enclosure.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: For 57 Soph| be termed ‘enclosures’?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And therefore 58 Soph| something of that sort?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: The other 59 Soph| called striking, unless you, Theaetetus, can find some better name?~ 60 Soph| can find some better name?~THEAETETUS: Never mind the name—what 61 Soph| or spearing by firelight.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And the 62 Soph| are barbed at the point.~THEAETETUS: Yes, that is the term.~ 63 Soph| spears are mostly used.~THEAETETUS: Yes, it is often called 64 Soph| only one kind remaining.~THEAETETUS: What is that?~STRANGER: 65 Soph| of that mode of fishing, Theaetetus?~THEAETETUS: I suspect that 66 Soph| of fishing, Theaetetus?~THEAETETUS: I suspect that we have 67 Soph| aspalieutike, anaspasthai).~THEAETETUS: The result has been quite 68 Soph| find out what a Sophist is.~THEAETETUS: By all means.~STRANGER: 69 Soph| skilled artist or unskilled?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And shall 70 Soph| thorough master of his craft?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not unskilled, 71 Soph| supposed to have some art.~THEAETETUS: What art?~STRANGER: By 72 Soph| it never occurred to us.~THEAETETUS: Who are cousins?~STRANGER: 73 Soph| angler and the Sophist.~THEAETETUS: In what way are they related?~ 74 Soph| appear to me to be hunters.~THEAETETUS: How the Sophist? Of the 75 Soph| animals and land animals?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And you 76 Soph| were many kinds of them?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Thus 77 Soph| acquiring, take the same road?~THEAETETUS: So it would appear.~STRANGER: 78 Soph| animals which are in them.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: While 79 Soph| animals which are in them.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 80 Soph| two principal divisions.~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 81 Soph| the other of wild animals.~THEAETETUS: But are tame animals ever 82 Soph| alternatives you prefer.~THEAETETUS: I should say, Stranger, 83 Soph| animals into two parts.~THEAETETUS: How shall we make the division?~ 84 Soph| as hunting with violence.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: But 85 Soph| word the art of persuasion.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And of 86 Soph| be said to be two kinds?~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 87 Soph| private, and the other public.~THEAETETUS: Yes; each of them forms 88 Soph| the other brings gifts.~THEAETETUS: I do not understand you.~ 89 Soph| manner in which lovers hunt.~THEAETETUS: To what do you refer?~STRANGER: 90 Soph| addition to other inducements.~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: Let 91 Soph| to be the amatory art.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But 92 Soph| making things pleasant.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 93 Soph| called by another name?~THEAETETUS: To be sure.~STRANGER: And 94 Soph| name? Will you tell me?~THEAETETUS: It is obvious enough; for 95 Soph| described.~STRANGER: Then now, Theaetetus, his art may be traced as 96 Soph| such is the conclusion.~THEAETETUS: Just so.~STRANGER: Let 97 Soph| of which we are speaking.~THEAETETUS: In what respect?~STRANGER: 98 Soph| the other with exchange.~THEAETETUS: There were.~STRANGER: And 99 Soph| and the other of selling.~THEAETETUS: Let us assume that.~STRANGER: 100 Soph| divided into two parts.~THEAETETUS: How?~STRANGER: There is 101 Soph| of the works of others.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 102 Soph| whole, termed retailing?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And that 103 Soph| exchange of the merchant?~THEAETETUS: To be sure.~STRANGER: And 104 Soph| received in exchange for money.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 105 Soph| kind you surely understand.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: Take music 106 Soph| sells meats and drinks?~THEAETETUS: To be sure he may.~STRANGER: 107 Soph| exchanging his wares for money?~THEAETETUS: Certainly I should.~STRANGER: 108 Soph| name germane to the matter?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: The 109 Soph| other kinds of knowledge.~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: The 110 Soph| me the name of the other.~THEAETETUS: He must be the Sophist, 111 Soph| the knowledge of virtue.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And 112 Soph| still be called a Sophist?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Then 113 Soph| would again term Sophistry?~THEAETETUS: I must, if I am to keep 114 Soph| another aspect of sophistry.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: In 115 Soph| combative or fighting art.~THEAETETUS: There was.~STRANGER: Perhaps 116 Soph| we had better divide it.~THEAETETUS: What shall be the divisions?~ 117 Soph| another of the pugnacious.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: That 118 Soph| some such name as violent.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And when 119 Soph| may be termed controversy?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And controversy 120 Soph| controversy may be of two kinds.~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 121 Soph| is forensic controversy.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And there 122 Soph| commonly called disputation?~THEAETETUS: Yes, that is the name.~ 123 Soph| to receive one from us.~THEAETETUS: No; for the different sorts 124 Soph| argumentation (Eristic)?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 125 Soph| and the other makes money.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: Suppose 126 Soph| these two classes a name.~THEAETETUS: Let us do so.~STRANGER: 127 Soph| loquacity: such is my opinion.~THEAETETUS: That is the common name 128 Soph| it is your turn to say.~THEAETETUS: There is only one true 129 Soph| argument has already proven.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: How 130 Soph| with one hand, as they say!~THEAETETUS: Then you must catch him 131 Soph| have names among servants?~THEAETETUS: Yes, there are many such; 132 Soph| straining, winnowing, threshing.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 133 Soph| expressions are used in the arts.~THEAETETUS: Of what are they to be 134 Soph| implied a notion of division.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: Then if, 135 Soph| that art to have one name?~THEAETETUS: And what is the name of 136 Soph| discerning or discriminating.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Think 137 Soph| you cannot divide this.~THEAETETUS: I should have to think 138 Soph| the better from the worse.~THEAETETUS: I see now what you mean.~ 139 Soph| better, I do know a name.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: Every 140 Soph| is called a purification.~THEAETETUS: Yes, that is the usual 141 Soph| purification is of two kinds.~THEAETETUS: Perhaps so, if he were 142 Soph| comprehended under a single name.~THEAETETUS: What are they, and what 143 Soph| are thought ridiculous.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: There 144 Soph| are thought ridiculous, Theaetetus; but then the dialectical 145 Soph| understand to be her aim.~THEAETETUS: Yes, I understand; and 146 Soph| further the first of the two.~THEAETETUS: Whatever line of division 147 Soph| distinct from vice in the soul?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 148 Soph| cast out whatever is bad?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Then any 149 Soph| properly called purification?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And in the 150 Soph| there are two kinds of evil.~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 151 Soph| the other to deformity.~THEAETETUS: I do not understand.~STRANGER: 152 Soph| and discord are the same.~THEAETETUS: To this, again, I know 153 Soph| originating in some disagreement?~THEAETETUS: Just that.~STRANGER: And 154 Soph| which is always unsightly?~THEAETETUS: Exactly.~STRANGER: And 155 Soph| in the souls of bad men?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 156 Soph| yet they must all be akin?~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: Then 157 Soph| and disease of the soul?~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: And 158 Soph| of the want of symmetry?~THEAETETUS: Clearly of the want of 159 Soph| voluntarily ignorant of anything?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 160 Soph| understanding is perverted?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Then we 161 Soph| and devoid of symmetry?~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: Then 162 Soph| a disease of the soul...~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And there 163 Soph| will not allow to be vice.~THEAETETUS: I certainly admit what 164 Soph| with the two bodily states?~THEAETETUS: What are they?~STRANGER: 165 Soph| has to do with disease.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And where 166 Soph| which is most required?~THEAETETUS: That certainly appears 167 Soph| rightly said to be the remedy?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And of 168 Soph| two principal ones. Think.~THEAETETUS: I will.~STRANGER: I believe 169 Soph| answer to this question.~THEAETETUS: How?~STRANGER: If we can 170 Soph| divisions of ignorance.~THEAETETUS: Well, and do you see what 171 Soph| ignorance put together.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: When 172 Soph| errors of the intellect.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And this, 173 Soph| the title of stupidity.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: What name, 174 Soph| which gets rid of this?~THEAETETUS: The instruction which you 175 Soph| the world.~STRANGER: Yes, Theaetetus, and by nearly all Hellenes. 176 Soph| of any further division.~THEAETETUS: We have.~STRANGER: I think 177 Soph| a division is possible.~THEAETETUS: Where?~STRANGER: Of education, 178 Soph| rougher, and another smoother.~THEAETETUS: How are we to distinguish 179 Soph| general term of admonition.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: But whereas 180 Soph| trouble and does little good—~THEAETETUS: There they are quite right.~ 181 Soph| conceit in another way.~THEAETETUS: In what way?~STRANGER: 182 Soph| what he knows, and no more.~THEAETETUS: That is certainly the best 183 Soph| For all these reasons, Theaetetus, we must admit that refutation 184 Soph| to be fairest and purest.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: And 185 Soph| afraid to say the Sophists.~THEAETETUS: Why?~STRANGER: Lest we 186 Soph| too high a prerogative.~THEAETETUS: Yet the Sophist has a certain 187 Soph| if proper care is taken.~THEAETETUS: Likely enough.~STRANGER: 188 Soph| nobly-descended art of Sophistry.~THEAETETUS: Very well; and yet, considering 189 Soph| others to set upon him.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: First let 190 Soph| after wealth and youth.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: In the second 191 Soph| in the goods of the soul.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: In 192 Soph| the same sort of wares.~THEAETETUS: Yes; and in the fourth 193 Soph| professed the eristic art.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: The sixth 194 Soph| obstructive to knowledge.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: Do 195 Soph| tending, is not understood.~THEAETETUS: I should imagine this to 196 Soph| especially characteristic of him.~THEAETETUS: To what are you referring?~ 197 Soph| that he was a disputer?~THEAETETUS: We were.~STRANGER: And 198 Soph| the art of disputation?~THEAETETUS: Certainly he does.~STRANGER: 199 Soph| invisible to men in general?~THEAETETUS: At any rate, he is said 200 Soph| and earth, and the like?~THEAETETUS: Certainly he disputes, 201 Soph| their own skill to others.~THEAETETUS: Undoubtedly.~STRANGER: 202 Soph| about politics in general?~THEAETETUS: Why, no one would have 203 Soph| he who likes may learn.~THEAETETUS: I suppose that you are 204 Soph| disputing about all things?~THEAETETUS: Certainly; there does not 205 Soph| duller sight do not appear.~THEAETETUS: To what are you alluding? 206 Soph| can understand all things.~THEAETETUS: Happy would mankind be 207 Soph| manner against him who knows?~THEAETETUS: He cannot.~STRANGER: Then 208 Soph| such a mysterious power?~THEAETETUS: To what do you refer?~STRANGER: 209 Soph| willing to learn their art.~THEAETETUS: They certainly would not.~ 210 Soph| STRANGER: But they are willing.~THEAETETUS: Yes, they are.~STRANGER: 211 Soph| about which they dispute?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 212 Soph| dispute about all things?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And therefore, 213 Soph| they appear to be all-wise?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But 214 Soph| shown to be impossible.~THEAETETUS: Impossible, of course.~ 215 Soph| which is not the truth?~THEAETETUS: Exactly; no better description 216 Soph| clearly explain his nature.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: I 217 Soph| things, by a single art.~THEAETETUS: All things?~STRANGER: I 218 Soph| understand the meaning of ‘all.’~THEAETETUS: No, I do not.~STRANGER: 219 Soph| also animals and trees.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 220 Soph| and me, and all creatures.~THEAETETUS: What would he mean by ‘ 221 Soph| sell them for a few pence.~THEAETETUS: That must be a jest.~STRANGER: 222 Soph| time, is not that a jest?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 223 Soph| of jest than imitation?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not; and imitation 224 Soph| making whatever he likes.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 225 Soph| wisest of men in all things?~THEAETETUS: Yes; why should there not 226 Soph| overturned by the facts of life?~THEAETETUS: That is my view, as far 227 Soph| about which he disputes?~THEAETETUS: But how can he, Stranger? 228 Soph| of magicians and mimics.~THEAETETUS: Certainly we must.~STRANGER: 229 Soph| decidedly will not escape.~THEAETETUS: What is that?~STRANGER: 230 Soph| inference that he is a juggler.~THEAETETUS: Precisely my own opinion 231 Soph| ever escape in triumph.~THEAETETUS: Well said; and let us do 232 Soph| desired form is to be found.~THEAETETUS: Will you tell me first 233 Soph| its appropriate colour.~THEAETETUS: Is not this always the 234 Soph| disregarding the real ones.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And 235 Soph| call a likeness or image?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And may 236 Soph| art of likeness-making?~THEAETETUS: Let that be the name.~STRANGER: 237 Soph| and are not really like?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: There 238 Soph| painting, and in all imitation.~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: And 239 Soph| an image, phantastic art?~THEAETETUS: Most fairly.~STRANGER: 240 Soph| art of making appearances?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: I was doubtful 241 Soph| into an impossible place.~THEAETETUS: Yes, he has.~STRANGER: 242 Soph| into giving a hasty answer?~THEAETETUS: May I ask to what you are 243 Soph| a contradiction? Indeed, Theaetetus, the task is a difficult 244 Soph| task is a difficult one.~THEAETETUS: Why?~STRANGER: He who says 245 Soph| of the words themselves?~THEAETETUS: Never mind about me; I 246 Soph| forbidden word ‘not-being’?~THEAETETUS: Certainly we do.~STRANGER: 247 Soph| would make to the enquirer?~THEAETETUS: That is a difficult question, 248 Soph| applicable to any being.~THEAETETUS: None, certainly.~STRANGER: 249 Soph| then not to something.~THEAETETUS: Of course not.~STRANGER: 250 Soph| all being is impossible.~THEAETETUS: Impossible.~STRANGER: You 251 Soph| must say some one thing?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: Some in 252 Soph| plural (tines) of many?~THEAETETUS: Exactly.~STRANGER: Then 253 Soph| say absolutely nothing.~THEAETETUS: Most assuredly.~STRANGER: 254 Soph| does not speak at all.~THEAETETUS: The difficulty of the argument 255 Soph| foundation of the matter.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean? Do not 256 Soph| some other thing which is?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But 257 Soph| attributed to that which is not?~THEAETETUS: Impossible.~STRANGER: And 258 Soph| among things which are?~THEAETETUS: Yes, surely number, if 259 Soph| the singular or plural?~THEAETETUS: The argument implies that 260 Soph| which is not without number?~THEAETETUS: How indeed?~STRANGER: When 261 Soph| plurality to not-being?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But, 262 Soph| we not attribute unity?~THEAETETUS: Manifestly.~STRANGER: Nevertheless, 263 Soph| attribute being to not-being?~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: Do 264 Soph| unspeakable, indescribable?~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: But, 265 Soph| is the greatest of all.~THEAETETUS: What! is there a greater 266 Soph| as he makes the attempt.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean? Speak 267 Soph| not-being.’ Do you understand?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And a little 268 Soph| indescribable: do you follow?~THEAETETUS: I do after a fashion.~STRANGER: 269 Soph| contradict what I said before?~THEAETETUS: Clearly.~STRANGER: And 270 Soph| speak of not-being as one?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And when 271 Soph| refer to not-being as one?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 272 Soph| would imply a form of unity.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: How, 273 Soph| the experiment with you.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 274 Soph| existence or unity or plurality.~THEAETETUS: It would be a strange boldness 275 Soph| be got out of his hole.~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: And 276 Soph| and I should like to know, Theaetetus, how we can possibly answer 277 Soph| the younker’s question?~THEAETETUS: We shall doubtless tell 278 Soph| duplicates.~STRANGER: I see, Theaetetus, that you have never made 279 Soph| acquaintance of the Sophist.~THEAETETUS: Why do you think so?~STRANGER: 280 Soph| eyes shut, or to have none.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 281 Soph| is asking about an idea.~THEAETETUS: What can he mean?~STRANGER: 282 Soph| your ground against him?~THEAETETUS: How, Stranger, can I describe 283 Soph| thing, or what do you mean?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not another true 284 Soph| true that which really is?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And the 285 Soph| the opposite of the true?~THEAETETUS: Exactly.~STRANGER: A resemblance, 286 Soph| if, as you say, not true?~THEAETETUS: Nay, but it is in a certain 287 Soph| say, not in a true sense?~THEAETETUS: Yes; it is in reality only 288 Soph| in reality really unreal.~THEAETETUS: In what a strange complication 289 Soph| existence of not-being.~THEAETETUS: Yes, indeed, I see.~STRANGER: 290 Soph| falling into a contradiction.~THEAETETUS: How do you mean? And where 291 Soph| falsely, or what do we mean?~THEAETETUS: There is nothing else to 292 Soph| truth:—You would assent?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: You 293 Soph| opinion thinks what is not?~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: Does 294 Soph| certain sense they are?~THEAETETUS: Things that are not must 295 Soph| exist do not exist at all?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And here, 296 Soph| here, again, is falsehood?~THEAETETUS: Falsehood—yes.~STRANGER: 297 Soph| of things which are not.~THEAETETUS: There is no other way in 298 Soph| unthinkable? Do you see his point, Theaetetus?~THEAETETUS: Of course he 299 Soph| see his point, Theaetetus?~THEAETETUS: Of course he will say that 300 Soph| very numerous and obvious.~THEAETETUS: They are indeed.~STRANGER: 301 Soph| they are really infinite.~THEAETETUS: If that is the case, we 302 Soph| faint-hearted as to give him up?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not, I should 303 Soph| such a sturdy argument?~THEAETETUS: To be sure I will.~STRANGER: 304 Soph| urgent request to make.~THEAETETUS: Which is—?~STRANGER: That 305 Soph| regard me as a parricide.~THEAETETUS: And why?~STRANGER: Because, 306 Soph| the other hand, is not.~THEAETETUS: Some attempt of the kind 307 Soph| ridiculous contradictions.~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: And 308 Soph| have to give the matter up.~THEAETETUS: Nothing in the world should 309 Soph| request which I wish to make.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: You 310 Soph| heart for this argument?~THEAETETUS: I did.~STRANGER: I tremble 311 Soph| entirely out of regard for you.~THEAETETUS: There is no reason for 312 Soph| road which I must take is—~THEAETETUS: Which?—Let me hear.~STRANGER: 313 Soph| quite clear about them.~THEAETETUS: Say more distinctly what 314 Soph| a light and easy strain.~THEAETETUS: How?~STRANGER: As if we 315 Soph| of them without offence—~THEAETETUS: What thing?~STRANGER: That 316 Soph| or left us behind them.~THEAETETUS: How do you mean?~STRANGER: 317 Soph| separations and mixtures,—tell me, Theaetetus, do you understand what 318 Soph| what a fix we are about it.~THEAETETUS: I see.~STRANGER: And very 319 Soph| equally ignorant of both.~THEAETETUS: I dare say.~STRANGER: And 320 Soph| the terms just mentioned.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: The consideration 321 Soph| captain and leader of them.~THEAETETUS: Of what are you speaking? 322 Soph| follow close at my heels, Theaetetus. For the right method, I 323 Soph| will be one and not two.’~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: But 324 Soph| to both of them together?~THEAETETUS: Quite likely.~STRANGER: ‘ 325 Soph| still be resolved into one.’~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: ‘Since, 326 Soph| dualists or of the pluralists?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 327 Soph| what they mean by ‘being’?~THEAETETUS: By all means.~STRANGER: 328 Soph| Yes,’ they will reply.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And there 329 Soph| which you call ‘being’?~THEAETETUS: ‘Yes.’~STRANGER: And is 330 Soph| names to the same thing?~THEAETETUS: What will be their answer, 331 Soph| STRANGER: It is clear, Theaetetus, that he who asserts the 332 Soph| this or any other question.~THEAETETUS: Why so?~STRANGER: To admit 333 Soph| unity, is surely ridiculous?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 334 Soph| that a name is anything?~THEAETETUS: How so?~STRANGER: To distinguish 335 Soph| thing, implies duality.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And yet 336 Soph| name, and of nothing else.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And the 337 Soph| will represent a mere name.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 338 Soph| is, or the same with it?~THEAETETUS: To be sure they would, 339 Soph| these, must also have parts.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Yet that 340 Soph| and a whole, may be one?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But 341 Soph| cannot be absolute unity?~THEAETETUS: Why not?~STRANGER: Because, 342 Soph| absolutely indivisible.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: But 343 Soph| will contradict reason.~THEAETETUS: I understand.~STRANGER: 344 Soph| being is not a whole at all?~THEAETETUS: That is a hard alternative 345 Soph| therefore more than one.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And yet 346 Soph| something of its own nature?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Upon 347 Soph| will become not-being?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And, again, 348 Soph| have their separate nature.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: But if the 349 Soph| never have come into being.~THEAETETUS: Why so?~STRANGER: Because 350 Soph| generation as existing.~THEAETETUS: Yes, that certainly appears 351 Soph| whole of that quantity.~THEAETETUS: Exactly.~STRANGER: And 352 Soph| being is either one or two.~THEAETETUS: The difficulties which 353 Soph| comprehend as that of not-being.~THEAETETUS: Then now we will go to 354 Soph| about the nature of essence.~THEAETETUS: How is that?~STRANGER: 355 Soph| hear of nothing but body.~THEAETETUS: I have often met with such 356 Soph| Between the two armies, Theaetetus, there is always an endless 357 Soph| concerning these matters.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Let us 358 Soph| which they call essence.~THEAETETUS: How shall we get it out 359 Soph| tell you what we must do?~THEAETETUS: What?~STRANGER: Let us, 360 Soph| but seekers after truth.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Then 361 Soph| and do you interpret them.~THEAETETUS: Agreed.~STRANGER: Let them 362 Soph| thing as a mortal animal.~THEAETETUS: Of course they would.~STRANGER: 363 Soph| be a body having a soul?~THEAETETUS: Certainly they do.~STRANGER: 364 Soph| something which exists?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And do 365 Soph| wise, and another foolish?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 366 Soph| opposite circumstances?~THEAETETUS: Yes, they do.~STRANGER: 367 Soph| admitted by them to exist?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And, 368 Soph| are they all invisible?~THEAETETUS: They would say that hardly 369 Soph| that they are corporeal?~THEAETETUS: They would distinguish: 370 Soph| corporeal.~STRANGER: Verily, Theaetetus, I perceive a great improvement 371 Soph| squeeze in their hands.~THEAETETUS: That is pretty much their 372 Soph| nothing of their own to offer.~THEAETETUS: What is the notion? Tell 373 Soph| of being is simply power.~THEAETETUS: They accept your suggestion, 374 Soph| is established with them.~THEAETETUS: Agreed.~STRANGER: Let us 375 Soph| shall be the interpreter.~THEAETETUS: I will.~STRANGER: To them 376 Soph| essence from generation?~THEAETETUS: ‘Yes,’ they reply.~STRANGER: 377 Soph| generation or becoming varies?~THEAETETUS: Yes; that is what we should 378 Soph| with our recent definition?~THEAETETUS: What definition?~STRANGER: 379 Soph| another. Perhaps your ears, Theaetetus, may fail to catch their 380 Soph| been accustomed to hear it.~THEAETETUS: And what is their answer?~ 381 Soph| aborigines about existence.~THEAETETUS: What was that?~STRANGER: 382 Soph| sufficient definition of being?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: They deny 383 Soph| is applicable to being.~THEAETETUS: And is there not some truth 384 Soph| being or essence is known.~THEAETETUS: There can be no doubt that 385 Soph| neither any share in either?~THEAETETUS: Clearly, neither has any 386 Soph| acted upon, as we affirm.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: And, O 387 Soph| an everlasting fixture?~THEAETETUS: That would be a dreadful 388 Soph| that has mind and not life?~THEAETETUS: How is that possible?~STRANGER: 389 Soph| soul which contains them?~THEAETETUS: And in what other way can 390 Soph| remains absolutely unmoved? THEAETETUS: All three suppositions 391 Soph| and that which is moved.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Then, 392 Soph| Certainly.~STRANGER: Then, Theaetetus, our inference is, that 393 Soph| or belonging to any one.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And 394 Soph| too mind has no existence.~THEAETETUS: How so?~STRANGER: Do you 395 Soph| without a principle of rest?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 396 Soph| into existence anywhere?~THEAETETUS: No.~STRANGER: And surely 397 Soph| confidently about anything.~THEAETETUS: Yes, with all our might.~ 398 Soph| definition of being and all.~THEAETETUS: Most true.~STRANGER: And 399 Soph| a fair notion of being?~THEAETETUS: Yes truly.~STRANGER: Alas, 400 Soph| Yes truly.~STRANGER: Alas, Theaetetus, methinks that we are now 401 Soph| enquiry into the nature of it.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 402 Soph| are saying something good?~THEAETETUS: I certainly thought that 403 Soph| that all was hot and cold?~THEAETETUS: What were they? Will you 404 Soph| and then we shall get on.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Would you 405 Soph| opposition to one another?~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: And 406 Soph| either of them equally are?~THEAETETUS: I should.~STRANGER: And 407 Soph| either of them are in motion?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 408 Soph| when you say that they are?~THEAETETUS: Of course not.~STRANGER: 409 Soph| you declare that they are.~THEAETETUS: Truly we seem to have an 410 Soph| something different from them.~THEAETETUS: So it would appear.~STRANGER: 411 Soph| neither in motion nor at rest.~THEAETETUS: That is very much the truth.~ 412 Soph| notion of being in his mind?~THEAETETUS: Where, indeed?~STRANGER: 413 Soph| classes. Is this possible?~THEAETETUS: Utterly impossible.~STRANGER: 414 Soph| we ought to bear in mind.~THEAETETUS: What?~STRANGER: When we 415 Soph| difficulty:—do you remember?~THEAETETUS: To be sure.~STRANGER: And 416 Soph| difficulty about being?~THEAETETUS: I should say, Stranger, 417 Soph| without any great discredit.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Let 418 Soph| names of the same thing.~THEAETETUS: Give an example.~STRANGER: 419 Soph| many, and under many names.~THEAETETUS: That is true.~STRANGER: 420 Soph| be the height of wisdom.~THEAETETUS: Certainly, I have.~STRANGER: 421 Soph| as to our former friends.~THEAETETUS: What questions?~STRANGER: 422 Soph| Which of these alternatives, Theaetetus, will they prefer?~THEAETETUS: 423 Soph| Theaetetus, will they prefer?~THEAETETUS: I have nothing to answer 424 Soph| participate in being at all.~THEAETETUS: They cannot.~STRANGER: 425 Soph| participating in being?~THEAETETUS: No.~STRANGER: Then by this 426 Soph| they ‘are’ truly at rest.~THEAETETUS: Just so.~STRANGER: Again, 427 Soph| there were no admixture.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Most ridiculous 428 Soph| the name of that other.~THEAETETUS: Why so?~STRANGER: Why, 429 Soph| audibly contradicts them.~THEAETETUS: Precisely so; a very true 430 Soph| another—what will follow?~THEAETETUS: Even I can solve that riddle.~ 431 Soph| that riddle.~STRANGER: How?~THEAETETUS: Why, because motion itself 432 Soph| this is utterly impossible.~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: Then 433 Soph| third hypothesis remains.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: For, surely, 434 Soph| some things and others not.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 435 Soph| found to be impossible.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: Every one 436 Soph| communion of some with some.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: This 437 Soph| other, while others do.~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: And 438 Soph| cannot be joined to another.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: But does 439 Soph| required in order to do so?~THEAETETUS: Art is required.~STRANGER: 440 Soph| required.~STRANGER: What art?~THEAETETUS: The art of grammar.~STRANGER: 441 Soph| ignorant, not a musician?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And we shall 442 Soph| art or the absence of art.~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: And 443 Soph| which make them possible?~THEAETETUS: To be sure he will require 444 Soph| the philosopher unawares?~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 445 Soph| the dialectical science?~THEAETETUS: That is what we should 446 Soph| one another and where not.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And 447 Soph| philosopher pure and true?~THEAETETUS: Who but he can be worthy?~ 448 Soph| for a different reason.~THEAETETUS: For what reason?~STRANGER: 449 Soph| place. Is not that true?~THEAETETUS: It seems to be so.~STRANGER: 450 Soph| the vision of the divine.~THEAETETUS: Yes; that seems to be quite 451 Soph| had a good look at him.~THEAETETUS: Very good.~STRANGER: Since, 452 Soph| and yet escape unscathed.~THEAETETUS: We must do so.~STRANGER: 453 Soph| being and rest and motion.~THEAETETUS: Yes, by far.~STRANGER: 454 Soph| communion with one another.~THEAETETUS: Quite incapable.~STRANGER: 455 Soph| them, for both of them are?~THEAETETUS: Of course.~STRANGER: That 456 Soph| makes up three of them.~THEAETETUS: To be sure.~STRANGER: And 457 Soph| but the same with itself.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: But then, 458 Soph| of the three first kinds?~THEAETETUS: Very likely we are.~STRANGER: 459 Soph| the other nor the same.~THEAETETUS: How is that?~STRANGER: 460 Soph| cannot be either of them.~THEAETETUS: Why not?~STRANGER: Because 461 Soph| partaking of its opposite.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: Yet 462 Soph| the same and of the other?~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: Then we 463 Soph| either the same or the other.~THEAETETUS: No; we must not.~STRANGER: 464 Soph| the same are identical?~THEAETETUS: Possibly.~STRANGER: But 465 Soph| that they are the same.~THEAETETUS: Which surely cannot be.~ 466 Soph| the same cannot be one.~THEAETETUS: Scarcely.~STRANGER: Then 467 Soph| added to the three others.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And 468 Soph| names of the same class?~THEAETETUS: Very likely.~STRANGER: 469 Soph| relative as well as absolute?~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: And 470 Soph| always relative to other?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: But this 471 Soph| relation to some other.~THEAETETUS: That is the true state 472 Soph| of our selected classes.~THEAETETUS: Yes.~STRANGER: And the 473 Soph| of the idea of the other.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: Then 474 Soph| reference to each of the five.~THEAETETUS: How?~STRANGER: First there 475 Soph| rest: what else can we say?~THEAETETUS: It is so.~STRANGER: And 476 Soph| And therefore is not rest.~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 477 Soph| because partaking of being.~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: Again, 478 Soph| is other than the same?~THEAETETUS: Just so.~STRANGER: And 479 Soph| therefore not the same.~THEAETETUS: It is not.~STRANGER: Yet, 480 Soph| things partake of the same.~THEAETETUS: Very true.~STRANGER: Then 481 Soph| spoken of as ‘not the same.’~THEAETETUS: To be sure.~STRANGER: And 482 Soph| calling motion stationary.~THEAETETUS: Quite right,—that is, on 483 Soph| part of our discussion.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Let 484 Soph| same and other than rest?~THEAETETUS: That is certain.~STRANGER: 485 Soph| other and also not other?~THEAETETUS: True.~STRANGER: What is 486 Soph| proposed to make enquiry?~THEAETETUS: Surely we cannot admit 487 Soph| motion is other than being?~THEAETETUS: Without the least fear.~ 488 Soph| really is and also is not?~THEAETETUS: Nothing can be plainer.~ 489 Soph| they are and are existent.~THEAETETUS: So we may assume.~STRANGER: 490 Soph| and infinity of not-being.~THEAETETUS: So we must infer.~STRANGER: 491 Soph| other than the other kinds.~THEAETETUS: Certainly.~STRANGER: Then 492 Soph| are infinite in number.~THEAETETUS: That is not far from the 493 Soph| argue with what follows.~THEAETETUS: Nothing can be fairer.~ 494 Soph| consider a further question.~THEAETETUS: What question?~STRANGER: 495 Soph| being, but only different.~THEAETETUS: What do you mean?~STRANGER: 496 Soph| more than what is equal?~THEAETETUS: Certainly not.~STRANGER: 497 Soph| words, which follow them.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: There 498 Soph| considered, if you do not object.~THEAETETUS: What is it?~STRANGER: The 499 Soph| fractions like knowledge.~THEAETETUS: How so?~STRANGER: Knowledge, 500 Soph| and kinds of knowledge.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~STRANGER: And