(...) Philebus
    Part
501 Intro|          we say ‘Not pleasure, not virtue, not wisdom, nor yet any
502 Intro|          health, wealth, pleasure, virtue, knowledge, which are included
503 Intro|           truth, justice, honesty, virtue, love, have a simple meaning;
504 Intro|         sense of duty impaired, if virtue and vice are explained only
505 Intro|         and some upon another: the virtue of justice seems to be naturally
506 Intro|       stoical nature will conceive virtue under the conception of
507 Intro|      elements of human perfection,—virtue, knowledge, and right opinion.~
508 Text |           in that degree excels in virtue?~PROTARCHUS: Nothing, Socrates,
509 Text |        temperance, and which every Virtue, like a goddess, has in
510 Text |            symmetry are beauty and virtue all the world over.~PROTARCHUS:


Protagoras
    Part
511 Intro|         teach their sons political virtue. Will Protagoras answer
512 Intro|            if he did not profess a virtue which he had not. (2) And
513 Intro|          the education of youth in virtue begins almost as soon as
514 Intro|        foolish and worthless sons. Virtue, as we were saying, is not
515 Intro|           there are no teachers of virtue, whereas all men are teachers
516 Intro|         him the admission that all virtue is in the highest degree
517 Intro|           case of courage—the only virtue which still holds out against
518 Intro|      denying, the teachableness of virtue, and now the latter ends
519 Intro|      latter ends by affirming that virtue is knowledge, which is the
520 Intro|         been striving to show that virtue is not knowledge, and this
521 Intro|          equivalent to saying that virtue cannot be taught. He is
522 Intro|   different order, asking (1) What virtue is, and (2) Whether virtue
523 Intro|         virtue is, and (2) Whether virtue can be taught. Protagoras
524 Intro|           also in maintaining that virtue can be taught (which Socrates
525 Intro|      civilized men are teachers of virtue; and more than a half-truth (
526 Intro|           seeking for the unity of virtue and knowledge as for a precious
527 Intro|            is to show the unity of virtue. In the determination of
528 Intro|           question the identity of virtue and knowledge is found to
529 Intro|       found to be involved. But if virtue and knowledge are one, then
530 Intro|            knowledge are one, then virtue can be taught; the end of
531 Intro|          distinction, and say that virtue is not knowledge, but is
532 Intro|            for a less—the unity of virtue and the identity of virtue
533 Intro|         virtue and the identity of virtue and knowledge would have
534 Intro|     teacher of moral and political virtue; there is no allusion to
535 Intro|            in maintaining (1) that virtue cannot be taught; (2) that
536 Intro|          virtues are one; (3) that virtue is the knowledge of pleasures
537 Intro|          to a higher conception of virtue and knowledge. That virtue
538 Intro|         virtue and knowledge. That virtue cannot be taught is a paradox
539 Intro|            Plato means to say that virtue is not brought to a man,
540 Intro|          truth—they make a part of virtue into the whole. Further,
541 Intro|           relation of knowledge to virtue, and may be regarded, if
542 Intro|    question is discussed, ‘whether virtue can be taught,’ and the
543 Intro|          of them the doctrine that virtue is pleasure, or that pleasure
544 Intro|         great Socratic thesis that virtue is knowledge. This is an
545 Text |         that they would light upon virtue of their own accord. Or
546 Text |          am inclined to think that virtue cannot be taught. But then
547 Text |           little more clearly that virtue can be taught. Will you
548 Text |         deliberate about political virtue, which proceeds only by
549 Text |           to share in this sort of virtue, and that states could not
550 Text |           of every other political virtue, let me give you a further
551 Text |            or some other political virtue, even if they know that
552 Text |      counsellor about this sort of virtue, as they are of opinion
553 Text |          they do not conceive this virtue to be given by nature, or
554 Text |         very opposite of political virtue. In such cases any man will
555 Text |            study and learning, the virtue in which the other is deficient
556 Text |          in the opinion of mankind virtue may be acquired; no one
557 Text |      thereby clearly implying that virtue is capable of being taught.
558 Text |            of those who think that virtue may be acquired and taught.
559 Text |            and also that they deem virtue to be capable of being taught
560 Text |     holiness and, in a word, manly virtue—if this is the quality of
561 Text |         have shown that they think virtue capable of being taught
562 Text |       there is all this care about virtue private and public, why,
563 Text |           wonder and doubt whether virtue can be taught? Cease to
564 Text |            of a state implies that virtue is not any man’s private
565 Text |        interest in the justice and virtue of one another, and this
566 Text |         compelled them to practise virtue— with the savages, for example,
567 Text |            all men are teachers of virtue, each one according to his
568 Text |      ignorant. And this is true of virtue or of anything else; if
569 Text |        able than we are to promote virtue ever so little, we must
570 Text |           I endeavour to show that virtue may be taught, and that
571 Text |    satisfied. You were saying that virtue can be taught;—that I will
572 Text |           if together they made up virtue. Now I want you to tell
573 Text |           to tell me truly whether virtue is one whole, of which justice
574 Text |          speaking are the parts of virtue which is one.~And are they
575 Text |           and some another part of virtue? Or if a man has one part,
576 Text |           wisdom are also parts of virtue?~Most undoubtedly they are,
577 Text |            concerning the parts of virtue. Do they also differ from
578 Text |           I said, no other part of virtue is like knowledge, or like
579 Text |           saying that the parts of virtue were not the same as one
580 Text |          maintain that one part of virtue is unlike another, and is
581 Text |          both of them are parts of virtue; and that they are not only
582 Text |            will speak as before of virtue, but in reference to a passage
583 Text |             For the gods have made virtue the reward of toil, But
584 Text |            height, Then, to retain virtue, however difficult the acquisition,
585 Text |           a mistake as to say that virtue, which in the opinion of
586 Text |            resources and skill and virtue, then he cannot help being
587 Text |   understand, and in particular of virtue. For who is there, but you?—
588 Text |            a Sophist or teacher of virtue and education, and are the
589 Text |        these objects were parts of virtue, not in the same way that
590 Text |       these qualities are parts of virtue, and that four out of the
591 Text |            place, you would affirm virtue to be a good thing, of which
592 Text |      related to the other parts of virtue. If you are disposed to
593 Text |           there were five parts of virtue none of them was like any
594 Text |            from the other parts of virtue. I was surprised at his
595 Text |            nature and relations of virtue; for if this were clear,
596 Text |       affirming and I denying that virtue can be taught—would also
597 Text |     Socrates, who were saying that virtue cannot be taught, contradicting
598 Text |           which tends to show that virtue can certainly be taught;
599 Text |        certainly be taught; for if virtue were other than knowledge,
600 Text |   attempted to prove, then clearly virtue cannot be taught; but if
601 Text |           cannot be taught; but if virtue is entirely knowledge, as
602 Text |            cannot but suppose that virtue is capable of being taught.
603 Text |            until we ascertain what virtue is, whether capable of being


The Republic
    Book
604 1    |           that which is the proper virtue of man? ~Certainly. ~And
605 1    |         Certainly. ~And that human virtue is justice? ~To be sure. ~
606 1    |         generally, can the good by virtue make them bad? ~Assuredly
607 1    |         Would you call one of them virtue and the other vice? ~Certainly. ~
608 1    |        that you would call justice virtue and injustice vice? ~What
609 1    |          injustice with wisdom and virtue, and justice with the opposite. ~
610 1    |          injustice with wisdom and virtue. ~You have guessed most
611 1    |            agreed that justice was virtue and wisdom, and injustice
612 1    |         identified with wisdom and virtue, is easily shown to be stronger
613 1    |        consider whether justice is virtue and wisdom, or evil and
614 1    |          whether it is or is not a virtue, nor can I say whether the
615 2    | drunkenness is the highest meed of virtue. Some extend their rewards
616 2    |         declaring that justice and virtue are honorable, but grievous
617 2    |       their mode of speaking about virtue and the gods: they say that
618 2    | dwelling-place is near. But before virtue the gods have set toil," ~
619 2    |           hear all this said about virtue and vice, and the way in
620 2    |            a picture and shadow of virtue to be the vestibule and
621 2    |         sometimes spoken of as the virtue of an individual, and sometimes
622 2    |   individual, and sometimes as the virtue of a State. ~True, he replied. ~
623 2    |          to be deficient either in virtue or beauty. ~Very true, Adeimantus;
624 3    |         admit the pure imitator of virtue. ~Yes, I said, Adeimantus;
625 3    |            sisters of goodness and virtue and bear their likeness. ~
626 3    |          pain. ~Or any affinity to virtue in general? ~None whatever. ~
627 3    |      livelihood he should practise virtue? ~Nay, he said, I think
628 3    |      ourselves: Is the practise of virtue obligatory on the rich man,
629 3    |        inimical to the practice of virtue. ~Yes, indeed, I replied,
630 3    |      practising or making trial of virtue in the higher sense is absolutely
631 3    |         into the company of men of virtue, who have the experience
632 3    |        other; for vice cannot know virtue too, but a virtuous nature,
633 3    |        acquire a knowledge both of virtue and vice: the virtuous,
634 3    |          will neither impair their virtue as guardians, nor tempt
635 4    |           IV: WEALTH, POVERTY, AND VIRTUE~(ADEIMANTUS, SOCRATES.) ~
636 4    |         city will be courageous in virtue of a portion of herself
637 4    |            can at present see, the virtue of temperance has more of
638 4    |        think that this is the only virtue which remains in the State
639 4    |             Yes, he said. ~And the virtue which enters into this competition
640 4    |            in the same way, and in virtue of the same quality which
641 4    |         again and again how and by virtue of what quality a man will
642 4    |         Exactly so, he said. ~Then virtue is the health, and beauty,
643 4    |         not good practices lead to virtue, and evil practices to vice? ~
644 4    |            act justly and practise virtue, whether seen or unseen
645 4    |         not to acquire justice and virtue, or to escape from injustice
646 4    |         may look down and see that virtue is one, but that the forms
647 5    |       woman, or which a man has by virtue of his sex, but the gifts
648 5    |         guardians strip, for their virtue will be their robe, and
649 6    |           them in no particular of virtue, also know the very truth
650 6    |           grow and mature into all virtue, but, if sown and planted
651 6    |           had no other training in virtue but that which is supplied
652 6    |         speak, my friend, of human virtue only; what is more than
653 6    |        temperance, and every civil virtue? ~Anything but unskilful. ~
654 7    |            habit and exercise, the virtue of wisdom more than anything
655 7    |            silver and gold, but in virtue and wisdom, which are the
656 7    |      magnificence, and every other virtue, should we not carefully
657 7    |          defective in some part of virtue, is in a figure lame or
658 8    |            nature, inclined toward virtue and the ancient order of
659 8    |           not single-minded toward virtue, having lost his best guardian. ~
660 8    |            the only saviour of his virtue throughout life. ~Good,
661 8    |     fortune the less they think of virtue; for when riches and virtue
662 8    |        virtue; for when riches and virtue are placed together in the
663 8    |          are honored in the State, virtue and the virtuous are dishonored. ~
664 8    |            passions by an enforced virtue; not making them see that
665 8    |          most people; yet the true virtue of a unanimous and harmonious
666 8    |       pauper to the cultivation of virtue. ~Yes, quite as indifferent. ~
667 8    |          the pursuit of wisdom and virtue, may be rightly called unnecessary? ~
668 9    |            as State is to State in virtue and happiness, so is man
669 9    |            how do they stand as to virtue? ~They are the opposite
670 9    |         enter, by the criterion of virtue and vice, happiness and
671 9    |         all the different kinds of virtue? Put the question in this
672 9    |            who know not wisdom and virtue, and are always busy with
673 9    |          of life and in beauty and virtue? ~Immeasurably greater. ~
674 10   |         arts and all things human, virtue as well as vice, and divine
675 10   |           truth in what you say of virtue, and not in the third-not
676 10   |     imitators; they copy images of virtue and the like, but the truth
677 10   |          increase in happiness and virtue. ~I cannot deny it. ~Therefore,
678 10   |             he neglect justice and virtue? ~Yes, he said; I have been
679 10   |            and rewards which await virtue. ~What, are there any greater
680 10   |          and converse she seeks in virtue of her near kindred with
681 10   |        likeness, by the pursuit of virtue? ~Yes, he said; if he is
682 10   |      chooses shall be his destiny. Virtue is free, and as a man honors
683 10   |    severally and collectively upon virtue; he should know what the
684 10   |        well-ordered State, but his virtue was a matter of habit only,
685 10   |           follow after justice and virtue always, considering that


The Seventh Letter
    Part
686 Text |            and the same applies to virtue generally. No city could
687 Text |        having set his affection on virtue in preference to pleasure
688 Text |           is no surer criterion of virtue and vice than this, whether
689 Text |       sympathy with his pursuit of virtue, but above all that he should
690 Text |         same belief with regard to virtue would have been established
691 Text |       mankind in their devotion to virtue and in hatred of the reckless
692 Text |           the full the truth about virtue and vice. For both must
693 Text |       gives his mind to wisdom and virtue? For if he thinks it worthless,


The Sophist
    Part
694 Intro|            combines the teacher of virtue with the Eristic; while
695 Intro|            others profess to teach virtue and receive a round sum.
696 Intro|         learning of the arts or of virtue. The seller of the arts
697 Intro|          art-seller; the seller of virtue, a Sophist.~Again, there
698 Intro|     imitate the form of justice or virtue if he have a sentiment or
699 Text | acquaintances only for the sake of virtue, and demands a reward in
700 Text |           sale of the knowledge of virtue, and the other of the sale
701 Text |       other; and so this trader in virtue again turns out to be our
702 Text |        speech and the knowledge of virtue.~THEAETETUS: Quite true.~
703 Text |         way sells the knowledge of virtue, you would again term Sophistry?~
704 Text |         STRANGER: Do we admit that virtue is distinct from vice in
705 Text |           or form of justice or of virtue in general? Are we not well


The Statesman
    Part
706 Intro|            that there are parts of virtue (although this position
707 Intro|         Eristics), and one part of virtue is temperance, and another
708 Intro|           Plato.~The doctrine that virtue and art are in a mean, which
709 Intro|          idealism of the Socratic ‘Virtue is knowledge;’ and, without
710 Intro|      politics’ as well as in moral virtue; secondly, because government,
711 Intro|            that there was only one virtue, and not many: now Plato
712 Intro|           of a wise man perfect in virtue, who was fancifully said
713 Intro|           with each other in moral virtue, there remain two considerations
714 Intro|         contemporary sovereigns in virtue and ability. In certain
715 Text |           willing in the spirit of virtue and knowledge to act justly
716 Text |           showing his own peculiar virtue only in this, that he is
717 Text |            assume that one part of virtue differs in kind from another,
718 Text |            courage to be a part of virtue?~YOUNG SOCRATES: Certainly
719 Text |           likewise to be a part of virtue?~YOUNG SOCRATES: True.~STRANGER:
720 Text |          very—for all the parts of virtue are commonly said to be
721 Text |     whether there are not parts of virtue which are at war with their
722 Text |           considerable portions of virtue are at variance with one
723 Text |   dissimilar and contrary parts of virtue is not this, as I was saying,


The Symposium
    Part
724 Intro|           and in recompense of her virtue was allowed to come again
725 Intro|            the lover in the way of virtue which the lover may do to
726 Intro|           rendered for the sake of virtue and wisdom is permitted
727 Intro|          the other the practice of virtue and philosophy—meet in one,
728 Intro|          than love for the sake of virtue. This is that love of the
729 Intro|          conceptions of wisdom and virtue, such as poets and other
730 Intro|            forth true creations of virtue and wisdom, and be the friend
731 Intro|           such loves as motives to virtue and philosophy is at variance
732 Intro|         passion with the desire of virtue and improvement. Such an
733 Intro|         not depraved was a love of virtue and modesty as well as of
734 Intro|          in manly exercises and in virtue. It is not likely that a
735 Text |           gods to the devotion and virtue of love. But Orpheus, the
736 Text |     greatly as the gods honour the virtue of love, still the return
737 Text |       chiefest author and giver of virtue in life, and of happiness
738 Text |             and this is the way of virtue; for as we admitted that
739 Text |           some other particular of virtue—such a voluntary service,
740 Text |         practice of philosophy and virtue in general, ought to meet
741 Text |           communicating wisdom and virtue, the other seeking to acquire
742 Text |            villain, and to have no virtue; and if he is deceived he
743 Text |         for anybody with a view to virtue and improvement, than which
744 Text |            another for the sake of virtue. This is that love which
745 Text |          which I might say. Of his virtue I have now to speak: his
746 Text |          glorious fame of immortal virtue; for they desire the immortal.~‘
747 Text |            conceptions?—wisdom and virtue in general. And such creators
748 Text |            is full of speech about virtue and the nature and pursuits
749 Text |           have been the parents of virtue of every kind; and many
750 Text |          forth and nourishing true virtue to become the friend of
751 Text |            assist me in the way of virtue, which I desire above all
752 Text |            shall be of the haughty virtue of Socrates—nothing more
753 Text |        abounding in fair images of virtue, and of the widest comprehension,


Theaetetus
    Part
754 Intro|          themselves were depriving virtue of all which made virtue
755 Intro|           virtue of all which made virtue desirable in the eyes of
756 Intro|        harmonious thoughts or hymn virtue’s praises.~‘If the world,
757 Intro|       think that you should follow virtue in order that you may seem
758 Intro|           reduced to sensation, so virtue is reduced to feeling, happiness
759 Intro|          of moral and intellectual virtue; also the primitive conceptions
760 Text |    SOCRATES: But if he praises the virtue or wisdom which are the
761 Text |           that you have a zeal for virtue, and then always behaving
762 Text |            that they should pursue virtue or avoid vice, not merely
763 Text |            this is true wisdom and virtue, and ignorance of this is


Timaeus
    Part
764 Intro|         gods, excelling all men in virtue, and many famous actions
765 Intro|         should endeavour to attain virtue and avoid vice; but this
766 Intro|    exhorted to avoid it and pursue virtue. It is also admitted that
767 Text |          the continual practice of virtue, which was to be their sole
768 Text |        excelled all mankind in all virtue, as became the children
769 Text |           in the excellence of her virtue and strength, among all
770 Text |        being similarly affected in virtue of similarity, diffuses
771 Text |           to avoid vice and attain virtue; this, however, is part
772 Text |            health and disease, and virtue and vice, than that between