| Table of Contents | Words: Alphabetical - Frequency - Inverse - Length - Statistics | Help | IntraText Library | ||
| Alphabetical [« »] animalculae 1 animalcule 1 animalcules 6 animals 749 animals-an 1 animals-and 1 animals-get 1 | Frequency [« »] 786 on 779 their 762 at 749 animals 717 have 701 some 700 its | Aristotle The History of Animals IntraText - Concordances animals |
bold = Main text
Book, Paragraph grey = Comment text
1 [Title] | The History of Animals~
2 I, 1 | 1~OF the parts of animals some are simple: to wit,
3 I, 1 | flesh, sinews, and bones. Of animals, some resemble one another
4 I, 1 | horse, and with all other animals which we reckon to be of
5 I, 1 | as is the case in such animals as are of one and the same
6 I, 1 | we may have to do with animals whose parts are neither
7 I, 1 | The parts, then, which animals severally possess are diverse
8 I, 1 | local disposition: for many animals have identical organs that
9 I, 1 | present an analogy to these.~Animals differ from one another
10 I, 1 | performed. For instance, some animals live in water and others
11 I, 1 | the frog and the newt.~Of animals that live on dry land some
12 I, 1 | instance, man and all such land animals as are furnished with lungs.
13 I, 1 | and bellies.~And of land animals many, as has been said,
14 I, 1 | subsistence from dry land.~Some animals at first live in water,
15 I, 1 | develops.~Furthermore, some animals are stationary, and some
16 I, 1 | are erratic. Stationary animals are found in water, but
17 I, 1 | move by walking.~Of land animals some are furnished with
18 I, 1 | furnished with feet. Of the animals that are furnished with
19 I, 1 | able only to swim, for the animals with leathern wings can
20 I, 1 | rare bird.)~Again, some animals move by walking on the ground
21 I, 1 | gregarious and of solitary animals, some are attached to a
22 I, 1 | elephant.~Again, we may regard animals in another light. For, whenever
23 I, 1 | For, whenever a race of animals is found domesticated, the
24 I, 1 | and dogs.~Further, some animals emit sound while others
25 I, 1 | some unmusical; but all animals without exception exercise
26 I, 1 | sexual intercourse.~Of marine animals, again, some live in the
27 I, 1 | themselves against attack.~Animals also differ from one another
28 I, 1 | the peacock. But of all animals man alone is capable of
29 I, 1 | capable of deliberation.~Many animals have memory, and are capable
30 I, 1 | to the several genera of animals, particulars as to their
31 I, 2 | 2~Common to all animals are the organs whereby they
32 I, 2 | Furthermore, the great majority of animals have other organs besides
33 I, 3 | 3~Of animals otherwise, a great many
34 I, 3 | excretion of the sperm: and of animals capable of generation one
35 I, 3 | former "male"; but some animals have neither male nor female.
36 I, 3 | differ in form, for some animals have a womb and others an
37 I, 3 | most indispensable parts of animals; and with some of them all
38 I, 3 | and with some of them all animals without exception, and with
39 I, 3 | exception, and with others animals for the most part, must
40 I, 3 | seat; for in some groups of animals the organ is identical,
41 I, 4 | blood and vein, and in other animals there is something to correspond;
42 I, 4 | kind, and generally, with animals supplied with blood, in
43 I, 4 | charged with blood. In other animals it has its seat in parts
44 I, 4 | correspond.~Again, some animals are supplied with blood,
45 I, 4 | the horse, and all such animals as are, when full-grown,
46 I, 4 | two-footed, or four-footed; other animals are bloodless, such as the
47 I, 4 | the wasp, and, of marine animals, the cuttle-fish, the crawfish,
48 I, 4 | the crawfish, and all such animals as have more than four feet.~
49 I, 5 | 5~Again, some animals are viviparous, others oviparous,
50 I, 5 | the seal, and all other animals that are hair-coated, and,
51 I, 5 | hair-coated, and, of marine animals, the cetaceans, as the dolphin,
52 I, 5 | Selachia. (Of these latter animals, some have a tubular air-passage
53 I, 5 | the embryo.~Of viviparous animals, some hatch eggs in their
54 I, 5 | is perfected, with some animals a living creature is brought
55 I, 5 | uniform colour, as the eggs of animals of the shark kind. Of the
56 I, 5 | Generation.~Furthermore, some animals have feet and some are destitute
57 I, 5 | Of such as have feet some animals have two, as is the case
58 I, 5 | hard-skinned or crustaceous animals, like the crawfish, swim
59 I, 5 | compare little with great.~Of animals that can fly some are furnished
60 I, 5 | and the gnat.~Bloodless animals as a general rule are inferior
61 I, 5 | point of size to blooded animals; though, by the way, there
62 I, 5 | points of motion; the blooded animals with four only: as, for
63 I, 5 | Bloodless and many footed animals, whether furnished with
64 I, 5 | quadruped it has wings also.~All animals move alike, four-footed
65 I, 5 | move cross-corner-wise. And animals in general have two feet
66 I, 6 | Very extensive genera of animals, into which other subdivisions
67 I, 6 | well as feet.~Of the other animals the genera are not extensive.
68 I, 6 | to the serpent genus; and animals of this genus are coated
69 I, 6 | for not all viviparous animals are hair-coated, and some
70 I, 6 | also are viviparous.~All animals, however, that are hair-coated
71 I, 6 | mule, the jennet, and the animals that are called Hemioni
72 I, 6 | these reasons, we must take animals species by species, and
73 I, 6 | the constituent parts of animals. For it is in a way relative
74 I, 6 | first and foremost, that animals in their entirety differ
75 I, 9 | sign of dishonesty.~All animals, as a general rule, are
76 I, 9 | all events, all viviparous animals have eyes, with the exception
77 I, 10 | black differs in various animals. Some have the rim black,
78 I, 10 | eyes of diverse colours. Animals, as a rule, have eyes of
79 I, 10 | the receding eye is in all animals the most acute; but the
80 I, 11 | end of a little vein. Of animals possessed of ears man is
81 I, 11 | for example, feathered animals or animals coated with horny
82 I, 11 | example, feathered animals or animals coated with horny tessellates.~
83 I, 11 | tessellates.~Viviparous animals, with the exception of the
84 I, 11 | his ears, and all other animals can move them. And the ears
85 I, 11 | hinder part the cheek. All animals move the lower jaw, with
86 I, 15 | those parts in men and other animals that are diverse in any
87 I, 15 | In man, above all other animals, the terms "upper" and "
88 I, 15 | But in regard to other animals, in some cases these distinctions
89 I, 15 | instance, the head with all animals is up and above in respect
90 I, 15 | surpassed by a great number of animals.~
91 I, 16 | the inner parts of other animals whose nature in any way
92 I, 16 | this holds alike with all animals possessed of a brain; and
93 I, 16 | a brain; and all blooded animals are possessed thereof, and,
94 I, 16 | of the head is with all animals empty and hollow, whatever
95 I, 16 | its size in the different animals. For some creatures have
96 I, 16 | the case with round-faced animals; some have little heads
97 I, 16 | without exception, among animals of the mane-and-tail species.~
98 I, 16 | species.~The brain in all animals is bloodless, devoid of
99 I, 16 | in the great majority of animals it has a small hollow in
100 I, 16 | of the oesophagus in all animals that have a windpipe, and
101 I, 16 | have a windpipe, and all animals have one that are furnished
102 I, 16 | lung; for the lung in all animals possessed of the organ has
103 I, 16 | be double. In viviparous animals, however, the duplication
104 I, 16 | though imperceptible in some animals, is perceptible enough in
105 I, 16 | the case with all other animals whose stomachs are single
106 I, 17 | relation to the chest in all animals that have a chest. In all
107 I, 17 | that have a chest. In all animals alike, in those that have
108 I, 17 | the middle of the chest in animals that have a chest, and in
109 I, 17 | and to them alone. In all animals that are furnished with
110 I, 17 | observation of lungs removed from animals under dissection, out of
111 I, 17 | his frame than in other animals.~Under the diaphragm on
112 I, 17 | the "spleen", alike in all animals that are provided with these
113 I, 17 | in the great majority of animals is not provided with a "
114 I, 17 | same organ in kine. In all animals that are provided with this
115 I, 17 | observable in all the other animals alike.~Furthermore, passages
116 I, 17 | connected the testicles in male animals, and the properties of these
117 I, 17 | of the womb of all female animals viewed generally. For the
118 I, 17 | the wombs of all female animals are not identical, neither
119 II, 1 | 1~With regard to animals in general, some parts or
120 II, 1 | For as a general rule all animals that are generically distinct
121 II, 1 | or organs exist in some animals, but not in others.~For
122 II, 1 | composed of gristle.~Of all animals man alone can learn to make
123 II, 1 | equal use of both hands.~All animals have a part analogous to
124 II, 1 | broad, but that of all other animals is narrow. Moreover, no
125 II, 1 | near it.~Moreover, also, animals have the flexions of their
126 II, 1 | but in the case of all animals the flexion of the shoulders
127 II, 1 | since man differs from other animals in flexion, those animals
128 II, 1 | animals in flexion, those animals that possess such parts
129 II, 1 | s tail.~The movements of animals, quadruped and multiped,
130 II, 1 | Further, of hair-coated animals, the back is hairier than
131 II, 1 | though in the case of some animals a few straggling hairs grow
132 II, 1 | it, as is the case with animals that have a shaggy mane,
133 II, 1 | the undomesticated horned animals, the bison.~The so-called
134 II, 1 | by the larynx. Both these animals have horns and are cloven-footed;
135 II, 1 | of all quadrupeds. With animals, as a general rule, the
136 II, 1 | hair-coating; that is, with animals that have long tails, for
137 II, 1 | they differ from all other animals, and that is the so-called "
138 II, 1 | such is the case with all animals that are furnished with
139 II, 1 | and feet of man (for some animals, by the way, are many-toed,
140 II, 1 | instance as the solid-hooved animals, the horse and the mule.
141 II, 1 | swine. The cloven-footed animals have two clefts behind;
142 II, 1 | undivided.~Furthermore, of animals some are horned, and some
143 II, 1 | great majority of the horned animals are cloven-footed, as the
144 II, 1 | been met with. But a few animals are known to be singled-horned
145 II, 1 | cloven-hooved.~Of all solid-hooved animals the Indian ass alone has
146 II, 1 | sculptor’s "labyrinth". All the animals that have a huckle-bone
147 II, 1 | hucklebone in the case of all animals provided with the part.~
148 II, 1 | provided with the part.~Some animals are, at one and the same
149 II, 1 | Paeonia and Maedica. But all animals that are horned are quadrupedal,
150 II, 1 | such an epithet.~Of horned animals the deer alone has a horn,
151 II, 1 | throughout. The horns of other animals are hollow for a certain
152 II, 1 | again renews them. All other animals retain their horns permanently,
153 II, 1 | and the generative organs, animals differ widely from one another
154 II, 1 | instance, the breasts of some animals are situated in front, either
155 II, 1 | she-bear has four breasts. Some animals have two breasts, but situated
156 II, 1 | the cow. Of solid-hooved animals the males have no dugs,
157 II, 1 | observable in horses.~Of male animals the genitals of some are
158 II, 1 | considerable extent.~With most animals the genitals have the position
159 II, 1 | above assigned; but some animals discharge their urine backwards,
160 II, 1 | camel, and the hare. Male animals differ from one another,
161 II, 1 | particular, but all female animals are retromingent: even the
162 II, 1 | female elephant like other animals, though she has the privy
163 II, 1 | but with all other blooded animals the reverse holds good.
164 II, 1 | lower" part else. With animals that have feet the hind
165 II, 1 | of magnitudes, and with animals devoid of feet, the tail,
166 II, 1 | tail, and the like.~When animals arrive at maturity, their
167 II, 1 | creeps on all fours; but some animals, in growth, retain the relative
168 II, 1 | parts, as the dog. Some animals at first have the upper
169 II, 1 | case with the bushy-tailed animals such as the horse; for in
170 II, 1 | in respect to the teeth, animals differ greatly both from
171 II, 1 | another and from man. All animals that are quadrupedal, blooded
172 II, 1 | upper jaw; and some hornless animals, also, are not double toothed,
173 II, 1 | toothed, as the camel. Some animals have tusks, like the boar,
174 II, 1 | have not. Further, some animals are saw-toothed, such as
175 II, 1 | saw-toothed" we mean such animals as interlock the sharp-pointed
176 II, 1 | his teeth, and so do other animals, as the horse, the mule,
177 II, 3 | horse differs entirely from animals in general: for, generally
178 II, 3 | generally speaking, as animals grow older their teeth get
179 II, 3 | swine; in the case of other animals observations have not yet
180 II, 7 | 7~Furthermore, animals differ from one another
181 II, 7 | of their mouths. In some animals the mouth opens wide, as
182 II, 7 | with all the saw-toothed animals; other animals have small
183 II, 7 | saw-toothed animals; other animals have small mouths, as man;
184 II, 7 | huckle-bone like cloven-footed animals, and tusks just visible;
185 II, 8 | 8~Some animals share the properties of
186 II, 9 | properties of the organs of such animals as bring forth their young
187 II, 12 | resemble the above mentioned animals; that is to say, they have
188 II, 12 | bird is remarkable among animals as having two feet, like
189 II, 12 | structure as compared with other animals. Its haunch-bone is long,
190 II, 12 | the head. Like all other animals they all have two eyes,
191 II, 12 | phenomenon is observable in the animals that are protected by horny
192 II, 12 | of birds above all other animals, and next after man, possess
193 II, 12 | the windpipe, but these animals so manage the opening and
194 II, 13 | 13~Of water animals the genus of fishes constitutes
195 II, 13 | predicated of all non-viviparous animals; and in point of fact viviparous
196 II, 13 | point of fact viviparous animals are not in all cases provided
197 II, 13 | fishes differ from other animals in more ways than as regards
198 II, 13 | hairs as are viviparous land animals, nor, as is the case with
199 II, 14 | 14~Of blooded animals there now remains the serpent
200 II, 14 | comprehended therein are land animals, a small minority, to wit
201 II, 14 | differ in colour; these animals are not found in very deep
202 II, 14 | external parts of blooded animals, as regards their numbers,
203 II, 15 | discuss in the case of the animals that are supplied with blood.
204 II, 15 | differ from the rest of animals, in that the former are
205 II, 15 | As a general rule, all animals that take up air and breathe
206 II, 15 | respects. Further, all blooded animals have a heart and a diaphragm
207 II, 15 | or midriff; but in small animals the existence of the latter
208 II, 15 | with gills. All blooded animals are furnished with a liver.
209 II, 15 | As a general rule blooded animals are furnished with a spleen;
210 II, 15 | non-viviparous but oviparous animals the spleen is so small as
211 II, 15 | crocodile, and the frog.~Some animals have a gall-bladder close
212 II, 15 | where the organ is found in animals furnished with it, there
213 II, 15 | greater or less quantities. Of animals that take in sea-water and
214 II, 15 | and the sword-fish. Often animals of the same species show
215 II, 17 | 17~With all animals that are furnished with
216 II, 17 | the left-hand side. In all animals the pointed end of the heart
217 II, 17 | as supernatural.~In all animals the wind-pipe extends to
218 II, 17 | All the afore-mentioned animals have a stomach, and one
219 II, 17 | termed the "rectum". However, animals present diversities in the
220 II, 17 | quadrupeds, such of the horned animals as are not equally furnished
221 II, 17 | four such chambers. These animals, by the way, are those that
222 II, 17 | to chew the cud. In these animals the oesophagus extends from
223 II, 17 | unsymmetrical dentition; and these animals differ one from another
224 II, 17 | and sideways in others. Animals that are furnished equally
225 II, 17 | dog, and man. In the other animals the shape of the stomach
226 II, 17 | is, the stomach in some animals resembles that of the pig;
227 II, 17 | dog, alike with the larger animals and the smaller ones. In
228 II, 17 | smaller ones. In all these animals diversities occur in regard
229 II, 17 | gut of the two groups of animals above mentioned (those with
230 II, 17 | The intestines in those animals whose jaws are unequally
231 II, 17 | cases the larger, for the animals themselves are larger than
232 II, 17 | single one of the horned animals is very small. And some
233 II, 17 | crocodiles, and, in fact, in all animals of the like kind; that is
234 II, 17 | the saurians among land animals, if one could only imagine
235 II, 17 | in its place as in other animals. The tongue, moreover, is
236 II, 17 | birds differ from other animals and from one another. Some
237 III, 1 | diversities.~In the blooded animals some males are altogether
238 III, 1 | and among the viviparous animals this peculiarity is found
239 III, 1 | with the dolphin amongst animals devoid of feet, and with
240 III, 1 | The males of oviparous animals, whether biped or quadruped,
241 III, 1 | underneath the midriff. With some animals the organ is whitish, in
242 III, 1 | the winter-time.~Of male animals that have their testicles
243 III, 1 | extremity of the belly. These animals resemble one another thus
244 III, 1 | Again, in all viviparous animals furnished with feet the
245 III, 1 | contraction. Moreover, when male animals are young, their owner sometimes
246 III, 1 | properties of testicles in male animals.~In female animals furnished
247 III, 1 | male animals.~In female animals furnished with a womb, the
248 III, 1 | most numerous and largest animals a tube composed of much
249 III, 1 | case also in all horned animals. At the extremity of the
250 III, 1 | horns, the wombs of most animals have a twist or convolution.~
251 III, 1 | close to the midriff. With animals devoid of feet that are
252 III, 1 | viviparous), with these animals the womb is bifurcate, and
253 III, 1 | turn from eggs into young animals. However, the differences
254 III, 1 | strung together. (And all animals that are viviparous both
255 III, 1 | underneath, near to the loin. Animals that are viviparous externally
256 III, 1 | of horned nonambidental animals are furnished with cotyledons
257 III, 1 | the bat; whereas all other animals that are ambidental, viviparous,
258 III, 1 | it.~The parts, then, in animals that are not homogeneous
259 III, 2 | 2~In sanguineous animals the homogeneous or uniform
260 III, 2 | constitutes the frame of animals, flesh and whatsoever in
261 III, 2 | For in the dead bodies of animals the nature of the chief
262 III, 2 | in the veins. In living animals it is impossible to inspect
263 III, 3 | plan will be to allow his animals to starve to emaciation,
264 III, 3 | midway.~The heart in all animals has cavities inside it.
265 III, 3 | the case of the smaller animals even the largest of the
266 III, 3 | scarcely discernible in animals of medium size; but in the
267 III, 3 | size; but in the largest animals all three chambers are distinctly
268 III, 3 | The brain itself in all animals is destitute of blood, and
269 III, 4 | departure.~In all sanguineous animals the case stands as here
270 III, 4 | vein-system in all these animals. For, in point of fact,
271 III, 4 | and, what is more, some animals are furnished with organs
272 III, 4 | with organs of which other animals are destitute. At the same
273 III, 4 | is easiest in the case of animals of considerable magnitude
274 III, 4 | with blood. For in little animals and those scantily supplied
275 III, 5 | 5~The sinews of animals have the following properties.
276 III, 5 | neck, and the arms.~All animals supplied with blood are
277 III, 5 | sinews; but in the case of animals that have no flexures to
278 III, 6 | not in the blood of all animals alike. If this fibre be
279 III, 6 | of the great majority of animals, it is not found in all.
280 III, 6 | antelope, and some other animals; and, owing to this deficiency
281 III, 6 | tissue, the blood of these animals does not coagulate to the
282 III, 6 | observed in the blood of other animals. The blood of the deer coagulates
283 III, 6 | like the blood of ordinary animals, but only into a flaccid
284 III, 7 | 7~The bones in animals are all connected with one
285 III, 7 | apart by itself. In all animals furnished with bones, the
286 III, 7 | not formed alike in all animals. In some animals the skull
287 III, 7 | in all animals. In some animals the skull consists of one
288 III, 7 | jaws, constituted of bone. (Animals in general move the lower
289 III, 7 | bones of the arms. With animals that have forelegs, the
290 III, 7 | the feet.~Now, with all animals that are supplied with blood
291 III, 7 | are destitute of it. Some animals might on casual observation
292 III, 7 | fish-spine.~Of the other animals supplied with blood, some
293 III, 7 | spinous. But all sanguineous animals have a backbone of either
294 III, 7 | skeleton are found in some animals and not found in others,
295 III, 7 | to this or that part. For animals that are destitute of arms
296 III, 7 | and in like manner with animals that have the same parts,
297 III, 7 | unlike in form; for in these animals the corresponding bones
298 III, 7 | osseous or spinous systems in animals.~
299 III, 8 | resembling marrow. In viviparous animals furnished with feet, gristle
300 III, 9 | with-all in the several animals that are furnished therewithal.
301 III, 9 | of the stag alone of all animals the horns are solid throughout,
302 III, 9 | effects of castration in animals we shall have much to say
303 III, 9 | freely as their ears.~Of animals furnished with nails-and,
304 III, 9 | nails-and, by the way, all animals have nails that have toes,
305 III, 9 | has no nails whatsoever—of animals furnished with nails, some
306 III, 9 | nailed, as the lion among animals that walk, and the eagle
307 III, 9 | walk, and the eagle among animals that fly.~
308 III, 10 | or hide. All viviparous animals furnished with feet have
309 III, 10 | have hair; all oviparous animals furnished with feet have
310 III, 10 | are similar in the case of animals whether coated with scales
311 III, 10 | tessellates. With soft-haired animals the hair gets harder with
312 III, 10 | with hard-haired or bristly animals it gets softer and scantier
313 III, 11 | differs in degree in diverse animals. In some animals the hair
314 III, 11 | diverse animals. In some animals the hair goes on gradually
315 III, 11 | with the nails; for in some animals the nail differs as regards
316 III, 11 | no way from bone.~Of all animals man has the most delicate
317 III, 11 | the skin or hide of all animals there is a mucous liquid,
318 III, 11 | mucous liquid, scanty in some animals and plentiful in others,
319 III, 11 | and the eyelid. In all animals the skin is one of the parts
320 III, 11 | and nails.~All sanguineous animals, then, have skin; but not
321 III, 11 | have skin; but not all such animals have hair, save only under
322 III, 11 | hair changes its colour as animals grow old, and in man it
323 III, 11 | turns white or grey. With animals, in general, the change
324 III, 11 | touch them with this mucus.~Animals that admit of diversity
325 III, 12 | 12~With regard to winged animals, such as birds, no creature
326 III, 12 | to their identity.) Some animals change the colour of their
327 III, 12 | designates it the "Yellow River." Animals as a general rule have no
328 III, 13 | 13~In all sanguineous animals membranes are found. And
329 III, 13 | the larger and the smaller animals; though in the smaller animals
330 III, 13 | animals; though in the smaller animals the membranes are indiscernible
331 III, 14 | membrane. All sanguineous animals are furnished with this
332 III, 14 | this organ; but in some animals the organ is supplied with
333 III, 15 | organ is not common to all animals, but, while it is found
334 III, 16 | akin to it in sanguineous animals, is in all cases situated
335 III, 16 | flesh-like substance of animals that are constructed a spinous
336 III, 16 | counterpart of the flesh of animals constructed on an osseous
337 III, 16 | with sinew and vein. When animals are subjected to emaciation
338 III, 16 | diminutive; whereas with animals whose veins are large the
339 III, 16 | is somewhat scanty. And animals with small stomachs are
340 III, 17 | soups made of the flesh of animals supplied with fat do not
341 III, 17 | soups made from the flesh of animals supplied with suet do coagulate,
342 III, 17 | the fleshy parts. Also, in animals supplied with fat the omentum
343 III, 17 | is supplied with suet in animals supplied with suet. Moreover,
344 III, 17 | suet. Moreover, ambidental animals are supplied with fat, and
345 III, 17 | viscera the liver in some animals becomes fatty, as, among
346 III, 17 | solidify or congeal. All animals are furnished with fat,
347 III, 17 | about the omentum. Most animals take on fat in the belly,
348 III, 17 | the belly, especially such animals as are little in motion.~
349 III, 17 | in motion.~The brains of animals supplied with fat are oily,
350 III, 17 | oily, as in the pig; of animals supplied with suet, parched
351 III, 17 | than any other viscera that animals are inclined to take on
352 III, 17 | fat in between the two. Animals supplied with suet are specially
353 III, 18 | the eye is fatty in all animals, and this part resembles
354 III, 18 | part resembles suet in all animals that possess such a part
355 III, 18 | furnished with hard eyes.~Fat animals, whether male or female,
356 III, 18 | unfitted for breeding purposes. Animals are disposed to take on
357 III, 19 | the blood. In sanguineous animals blood is the most universal
358 III, 19 | consubstantial part of all animals that are not corrupt or
359 III, 19 | deer, the roe, and the like animals; for, as a general rule,
360 III, 19 | the quickest to coagulate.~Animals that are internally and
361 III, 19 | the sanguineous ovipara. Animals that are in good condition,
362 III, 19 | scanty, as is the case with animals when exceedingly fat. For
363 III, 19 | when exceedingly fat. For animals in this condition have pure
364 III, 19 | palpitates in the veins of all animals alike all over their bodies,
365 III, 19 | entire frames of living animals, without exception and at
366 III, 19 | first of all in the heart of animals before the body is differentiated
367 III, 19 | any considerable quantity, animals fall into a faint or swoon;
368 III, 19 | get exceedingly liquid, animals fall sick; for the blood
369 III, 19 | only here and there. Whilst animals are sleeping the blood is
370 III, 19 | interior. Of all female animals the female in man is the
371 III, 19 | blood, and of all female animals the menstruous discharges
372 III, 19 | according to age; in very young animals it resembles ichor and is
373 III, 19 | scarce, and in middle-aged animals its qualities are intermediate.
374 III, 19 | are intermediate. In old animals the blood coagulates rapidly,
375 III, 19 | not the case with young animals. Ichor is, in fact, nothing
376 III, 20 | found in certain sanguineous animals. All the natural liquids
377 III, 20 | structures of the skin~In young animals the marrow is exceedingly
378 III, 20 | exceedingly sanguineous, but, as animals grow old, it becomes fatty
379 III, 20 | old, it becomes fatty in animals supplied with fat, and suet-like
380 III, 20 | with fat, and suet-like in animals with suet. All bones, however,
381 III, 20 | in the bones of certain animals of this species it is not
382 III, 20 | nearly always congenital in animals, but milk and sperm come
383 III, 20 | thori in fishes.~Whatever animals have milk, have it in their
384 III, 20 | it in their breasts. All animals have breasts that are internally
385 III, 20 | viviparous, as for instance all animals that have hair, as man and
386 III, 20 | and the whale-for these animals have breasts and are supplied
387 III, 20 | are supplied with milk. Animals that are oviparous or only
388 III, 20 | made of the milk of such animals under domestication; but
389 III, 20 | rule milk only comes to animals in pregnancy. When the animal
390 III, 20 | again. In the case of female animals not pregnant a small quantity
391 III, 20 | hereupon they milk the animals, procuring at first a liquid
392 III, 20 | cheese is driest.~Now some animals produce not only enough
393 III, 20 | cow’s milk, thirty. Other animals give only enough of milk
394 III, 20 | as is the case with all animals that have more than two
395 III, 20 | dugs; for with none of such animals is milk produced in superabundance
396 III, 21 | concocted. All ruminating animals produce rennet, and, of
397 III, 21 | deer.~In milk-producing animals the comparative amount of
398 III, 21 | are the largest. Now large animals require abundant pasture,
399 III, 21 | general rule, ruminating animals give milk in abundance,
400 III, 22 | 22~All sanguineous animals eject sperm. As to what,
401 III, 22 | animal. In hairy-coated animals the sperm is sticky, but
402 III, 22 | is sticky, but in other animals it is not so. It is white
403 IV, 1 | treated, in regard to blooded animals of the parts they have in
404 IV, 1 | now proceed to treat of animals devoid of blood. These animals
405 IV, 1 | animals devoid of blood. These animals are divided into several
406 IV, 1 | resembling the red-blooded animals, such as the genus of the
407 IV, 1 | malacostraca. These are animals that have their hard structure
408 IV, 1 | testaceans". These are animals that have their hard substance
409 IV, 1 | lacking in the teuthis; both animals are pelagic.~In all cases
410 IV, 1 | juice and the residuum. The animals have also certain hair-like
411 IV, 1 | do also the bodies of the animals. The octopus has nothing
412 IV, 1 | The males of all these animals differ from the females,
413 IV, 2 | the lobster.) All these animals, as has been stated, have
414 IV, 2 | where the skin is in other animals, and the fleshy part inside;
415 IV, 2 | See diagram.) Of all these animals the feet bend out obliquely,
416 IV, 2 | is sharp-pointed. Of all animals of this genus the crab is
417 IV, 2 | by the way, in all these animals the spawn is deposited outside.)
418 IV, 2 | gut. And, again, all these animals have, more or less, an organ
419 IV, 3 | inner organs of sanguineous animals happen to have specific
420 IV, 3 | designations; for these animals have in all cases the inner
421 IV, 3 | case with the bloodless animals, but what they have in common
422 IV, 3 | common with red-blooded animals is the stomach, the oesophagus,
423 IV, 4 | cocalia, and, among pelagic animals, in the purple murex, the
424 IV, 4 | external parts of these animals.~The internal structure
425 IV, 4 | the minuteness of these animals, and some are indiscernible
426 IV, 4 | excretion is in all these animals (save for the exception
427 IV, 4 | anal vent in most of these animals; but in the case of the
428 IV, 4 | In the shells of these animals, and in certain others,
429 IV, 4 | murex, and all suchlike animals.~Such of the little crabs
430 IV, 5 | so-called bryssus, these animals are pelagic and scarce.
431 IV, 5 | formation is found in many animals; as, for instance, in the
432 IV, 6 | ascidian has of all these animals the most remarkable characteristics.
433 IV, 7 | fact, is the case with all animals. The flesh of an insect’
434 IV, 7 | substance of shell-covered animals, nor is it like flesh in
435 IV, 7 | statements apply to all animals devoid of blood. Some have
436 IV, 7 | at times seen in the sea animals like sticks, black, rounded,
437 IV, 7 | exceptional and common, of all animals.~
438 IV, 8 | there are diversities in animals with regard to the senses,
439 IV, 8 | senses, seeing that some animals have the use of all the
440 IV, 8 | eye-teeth). All the other animals of the kinds above mentioned
441 IV, 8 | touch, is common to all animals whatsoever.~In some animals
442 IV, 8 | animals whatsoever.~In some animals the organs of sense are
443 IV, 8 | case with the eyes. For animals have a special locality
444 IV, 8 | hearing: that is to say, some animals have ears, while others
445 IV, 8 | smell; that is to say, some animals have nostrils, and others
446 IV, 8 | Of aquatic red-blooded animals, fishes possess the organ
447 IV, 8 | manifest, then, that the animals above mentioned are in possession
448 IV, 8 | the five senses.~All other animals may, with very few exceptions,
449 IV, 8 | remarked, is common to all animals. Testaceans have the senses
450 IV, 8 | taste of it. Further, all animals furnished with a mouth derive
451 IV, 8 | sense in the general run of animals. We now proceed to treat
452 IV, 9 | pharynx, and consequently such animals as are devoid of lung have
453 IV, 9 | composed. Consequently, animals that have no tongue at all
454 IV, 9 | consonant in combination.)~Of animals which are furnished with
455 IV, 9 | the tongue, which in other animals is detached, is tightly
456 IV, 9 | time; and, by the way, all animals have a special cry for the
457 IV, 9 | differs both in various animals, and also in the same species
458 IV, 10 | the sleeping and waking of animals, all creatures that are
459 IV, 10 | as a matter of fact, all animals that are furnished with
460 IV, 10 | With regard to oviparous animals we cannot be sure that they
461 IV, 10 | same may be said of water animals, such as fishes, molluscs,
462 IV, 10 | crawfish and the like. These animals sleep without doubt, although
463 IV, 10 | quite as soundly.~Of all animals man is most given to dreaming.
464 IV, 11 | With regard to sex, some animals are divided into male and
465 IV, 11 | young and to be pregnant. In animals that live confined to one
466 IV, 11 | female: and, indeed, in all animals furnished with feet, biped
467 IV, 11 | yet seen with an egg. And animals that are viviparous have
468 IV, 11 | general rule, in red-blooded animals furnished with feet and
469 IV, 11 | males. Furthermore, in all animals the upper and front parts
470 IV, 11 | arched and hollow in such animals as are furnished with feet.
471 IV, 11 | voice, the female in all animals that are vocal has a thinner
472 v, 1 | internal and external that all animals are furnished withal, and
473 v, 1 | afterwards we shall treat of animals provided with feet, both
474 v, 1 | there is one property that animals are found to have in common
475 v, 1 | treatise on Botany. So with animals, some spring from parent
476 v, 1 | some spring from parent animals according to their kind,
477 v, 1 | generated in the inside of animals out of the secretions of
478 v, 1 | their several organs.~In animals where generation goes by
479 v, 1 | eggs develop into living animals; only that in certain of
480 v, 1 | generated, either in other animals, in the soil, or on plants,
481 v, 1 | covering" in regard to such animals as cover and are covered;
482 v, 2 | 2~Those animals, then, cover and are covered
483 v, 2 | modes of covering in such animals are not in all cases similar
484 v, 2 | analogous. For the red-blooded animals that are viviparous and
485 v, 2 | manner. Thus, opisthuretic animals copulate with a rearward
486 v, 2 | similar in most other such animals; that is to say, the majority
487 v, 2 | fact, the females of these animals elicit the sperm of the
488 v, 2 | covers like all opisthuretic animals, and in this species the
489 v, 3 | precisely as in the viviparous animals, as is observed in both
490 v, 3 | the frog, and all other animals of the same group.~
491 v, 4 | 4~Long animals devoid of feet, like serpents
492 v, 5 | by the way, in viviparous animals the process of copulation
493 v, 5 | Now neither fishes nor any animals devoid of feet are furnished
494 v, 5 | the female.~In viviparous animals furnished with feet there
495 v, 5 | the organs. And with such animals as are not viviparous the
496 v, 5 | male and female; for these animals are unprovided with a bladder
497 v, 7 | in the case of all these animals. Sometimes it takes place
498 v, 7 | copulative process of these animals there is no protrusion of
499 v, 8 | sexual intercourse in all animals; but, with regard to the
500 v, 8 | and the age of the animal.~Animals in general seem naturally