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| Alphabetical [« »] angles 2 animal 164 animalhood 1 animals 440 annuals 1 anointing 1 another 113 | Frequency [« »] 469 or 446 be 445 all 440 animals 417 by 374 if 369 so | Aristotle On the Generation of Animals IntraText - Concordances animals |
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1 [Title] | On the Generation of Animals~
2 I, 1 | discussed the other parts of animals, both generally and with
3 I, 1 | same, and the material of animals is their parts of the whole
4 I, 1 | contribute to the generation of animals and of which nothing definite
5 I, 1 | generation next to them.~Now some animals come into being from the
6 I, 1 | and though some bloodless animals have sexes so that they
7 I, 1 | kind, yet other bloodless animals generate indeed, but not
8 I, 1 | generally, if we take all animals which change their locality,
9 I, 1 | in some of the bloodless animals; and this applies in the
10 I, 1 | are produced by union of animals of the same kind generate
11 I, 1 | which are not produced by animals, but from decaying matter,
12 I, 1 | been expected, for if those animals which are not produced by
13 I, 1 | plainly the case with other animals. If unlike, and yet able
14 I, 1 | move, as the testacea and animals that live by clinging to
15 I, 2 | 2~Of the generation of animals we must speak as various
16 I, 2 | female in all the bloodless animals also which have this division
17 I, 2 | in the case of castrated animals, for, though only the generative
18 I, 3 | as in the case of those animals which have no testes at
19 I, 3 | unite also as with those animals; this applies (among animals
20 I, 3 | animals; this applies (among animals breathing air and having
21 I, 3 | accurately in the Enquiries about Animals.~The uterus is always double,
22 I, 3 | in women, and all those animals which bring forth alive
23 I, 3 | of the aforesaid parts of animals.~
24 I, 4 | that the business of most animals is, you may say, nothing
25 I, 4 | in the case of nutriment, animals with straight intestines
26 I, 4 | see the Enquiries about Animals.) For the testes are no
27 I, 4 | internally, so that castrated animals are unable to generate;
28 I, 5 | for birds and the footless animals it is not possible, because
29 I, 5 | have them there, as those animals that have both penis and
30 I, 5 | situation.~Further, with those animals at any rate that have external
31 I, 5 | for the reasons why those animals have testes which have them,
32 I, 6 | 6~All those animals which have no testes are
33 I, 6 | duct in man and similar animals.~
34 I, 7 | for the reason why some animals have testes and others not.
35 I, 8 | about the uterus in female animals, for there are many points
36 I, 8 | just as with the other animals and plants whose nature
37 I, 9 | hair, and among aquatic animals, dolphins, whales, and such
38 I, 11| young is produced in those animals which are viviparous from
39 I, 11| beginning. Therefore in such animals the uterus is dissimilar
40 I, 11| participating in both classes.~Animals that are viviparous from
41 I, 11| this, it is impossible for animals to be produced alive near
42 I, 11| also in the case of the animals which produce young by the
43 I, 11| in the uterus of various animals, and generally why it is
44 I, 12| quadrupeds among the scaly animals. The skin of birds also
45 I, 12| another reason with all these animals for their testes being internal
46 I, 12| of the uterus differs in animals viviparous within themselves
47 I, 13| solid nutriment in all those animals that have no penis, in all
48 I, 13| clear from the fact that all animals produce semen, but all do
49 I, 13| the back in ovipara. All animals which are internally oviparous
50 I, 14| 14~The bloodless animals do not agree either with
51 I, 15| treatise on the parts of animals. The female has a part corresponding
52 I, 15| be seen in each of these animals, for it contains an egg
53 I, 16| offspring are produced from animals of the same name, just as
54 I, 16| not come into being from animals but from putrefying matter,
55 I, 16| are neither produced from animals nor unite with each other;
56 I, 16| intestine, as with the other animals; in this are produced the
57 I, 16| the generative organs in animals which were not spoken of
58 I, 17| 17~Some animals manifestly emit semen, as
59 I, 17| also inquire what those animals which emit semen contribute
60 I, 17| so-called catamenia in all animals which discharge this liquid.~
61 I, 17| Now it is thought that all animals are generated out of semen,
62 I, 18| alike, the result is two animals, for the offspring will
63 I, 18| accounts for the creation of animals; in the time of his "Reign
64 I, 18| isolated parts combined into animals. Now that this is impossible
65 I, 18| case of the generation of animals, what he assumed of the
66 I, 18| from these are produced animals indeed, but not in this
67 I, 18| parts.~Further even among animals some produce many young
68 I, 18| natural process, for some animals do so, i.e. from male and
69 I, 18| with plants and all those animals in which male and female
70 I, 18| generation, in the case of all animals whose nature it is to unite;
71 I, 18| daily nutriment by which animals and plants grow is but small,
72 I, 18| the fact that the large animals have few young, the small
73 I, 18| the rest of life.~In many animals and plants we find a difference
74 I, 18| above. In like manner other animals produce much semen through
75 I, 18| and semen; and whatever animals have both kinds of excrement,
76 I, 18| since the nutriment of all animals is rather liquid than solid),
77 I, 19| analogous fluid in the other animals. Since the semen is also
78 I, 19| women than in the other animals. Wherefore her pallor and
79 I, 19| some of the phenomena of animals. For fat creatures produce
80 I, 19| And so among the bloodless animals the cephalopoda and crustacea
81 I, 20| which is analogous to it in animals which are bloodless owing
82 I, 20| it is not found in the animals which have no blood but
83 I, 20| discharged from the body. All animals that are viviparous without
84 I, 20| the Enquiries concerning animals.~The catamenia are more
85 I, 20| women than in the other animals, and men emit the most semen
86 I, 20| is diverted in the other animals; for he has no great quantity
87 I, 20| distinguished, in these many animals may come from one emission
88 I, 20| its nature in plants and animals. A proof of this is that
89 I, 20| A proof of this is that animals which can bear more than
90 I, 20| analogous to it in bloodless animals, is clear from what has
91 I, 20| different; and in those animals that have these powers separate
92 I, 21| female (in the case of those animals whose males do insert a
93 I, 21| secretion. And therefore such animals remain united a long time,
94 I, 21| body of the male in those animals which emit it, and that
95 I, 21| is to assume. Yet in some animals, as birds, the nature of
96 I, 22| emit semen at all in some animals, and where he does this
97 I, 22| manner, in the male of those animals which emit semen Nature
98 I, 23| 23~In all animals which can move about, the
99 I, 23| thing happens also in those animals which have the sexes separate.
100 I, 23| they cease their union.~And animals seem literally to be like
101 I, 23| said before.~Testaceous animals, being intermediate between
102 I, 23| being intermediate between animals and plants, perform the
103 I, 23| generate in another; as animals they do not bear fruit from
104 I, 23| the generation of these animals.~ ~
105 II, 1 | reasons of the generation of animals. For since it is impossible
106 II, 1 | such a class of things as animals should be of an eternal
107 II, 1 | always a class of men and animals and plants. But since the
108 II, 1 | of life; but the class of animals exists in virtue of sense-perception.
109 II, 1 | this is that the higher animals are more independent in
110 II, 1 | greater size than bloodless animals, and those which move about
111 II, 1 | And these are just the animals which emit semen on account
112 II, 1 | existence of the two sexes. Some animals bring to perfection and
113 II, 1 | lay eggs, the bloodless animals either lay an egg or give
114 II, 1 | horses, cattle, and of marine animals dolphins and the other cetacea);
115 II, 1 | quadrupeds and footless animals, e.g. lizards and tortoises
116 II, 1 | infertile. Among bloodless animals the insects produce a scolex,
117 II, 1 | not only are some footless animals viviparous, as vipers and
118 II, 1 | difference, but it is those animals which are more perfect in
119 II, 1 | it, for generally those animals which have a lung are hotter
120 II, 1 | from the more perfect. If animals are hotter as shown by their
121 II, 1 | destroyed, having no protection.~Animals that are cold and rather
122 II, 1 | simply that all bloodless animals produce a scolex, for the
123 II, 1 | 1) the insects, (2) the animals that produce a scolex, (
124 II, 1 | more perfect and hotter animals produce their young perfect
125 II, 1 | and these generate living animals within themselves from the
126 II, 1 | do not generate perfect animals within themselves from the
127 II, 1 | the second change.~Some animals then, as said before, do
128 II, 1 | character, some within the animals themselves when they are
129 II, 1 | the material; this some animals have in its first form within
130 II, 1 | exists in all alike, whether animals or plants, and this is the
131 II, 1 | heart is first made in some animals, and what is analogous to
132 II, 2 | and especially so with animals that have much earthy matter
133 II, 3 | If, in the case of those animals which emit semen into the
134 II, 3 | reason acquired by those animals that participate in this
135 II, 3 | heat of the sun and that of animals does generate them. Not
136 II, 3 | is clear that the heat in animals neither is fire nor derives
137 II, 3 | matter, and belongs to those animals in which is included something
138 II, 3 | holds together the parts of animals, being actual sinew in some
139 II, 4 | 4~In those animals whose nature is comparatively
140 II, 4 | female, in the case of those animals who possess this distinction,
141 II, 4 | speak later.~The perfect animals, those internally viviparous,
142 II, 4 | the perfect or viviparous animals, and of these the first
143 II, 4 | expect, for the bodies of animals are colder when the environment
144 II, 4 | by the female, so do the animals in question bring the same
145 II, 4 | the diaphragm in all those animals which have one, for the
146 II, 4 | body. For this reason if animals of a different kind are
147 II, 4 | difference in the of the animals), the first cross has a
148 II, 4 | secretions are formed in animals. But when the semen from
149 II, 4 | from the male (in those animals which emit semen) has entered,
150 II, 4 | either in women or other animals, on account of there not
151 II, 4 | is retained within those animals which have an external discharge;
152 II, 4 | Moreover, in all those animals which have the uterus near
153 II, 4 | that the external parts of animals are first differentiated
154 II, 4 | if they were talking of animals of stone or wood. For such
155 II, 4 | of growth at all, but all animals have, and have it within
156 II, 4 | more vessels in different animals. Round these is a skin-like
157 II, 4 | plant by its roots, or as animals themselves when separated
158 II, 4 | on in the case of mature animals and plants this soul causes
159 II, 4 | organism, existing in all animals and plants. [But the other
160 II, 4 | of the soul exist in some animals, not in others.] In plants,
161 II, 4 | from the male, but in those animals in which it is separated
162 II, 5 | for this exists in all animals and plants alike. Why then
163 II, 5 | sensitive soul, for the parts of animals are not like those of a
164 II, 5 | of the male, for in these animals we are speaking of the male
165 II, 5 | nothing in vain. Hence in such animals the male always perfects
166 II, 6 | differentiated. This happens in all animals in which exists the distinction
167 II, 6 | are the only locomotive animals in which the distinction
168 II, 6 | agency by which the parts of animals are differentiated is air,
169 II, 6 | differentiation takes place; other animals do not breathe at all, but
170 II, 6 | sort which must exist in animals, containing the principle
171 II, 6 | beginning, and in the other animals that which is analogous
172 II, 6 | parent that gives it, or with animals spontaneously generated
173 II, 6 | surface. While in other animals the glutinous is dry, for
174 II, 6 | happens with the eyes of animals. Though from the beginning
175 II, 6 | some part of the body of animals, those of smell and hearing
176 II, 6 | fluidity; this applies to all animals possessing a brain, but
177 II, 6 | men more than with other animals is the fact that their brain
178 II, 6 | for man is the wisest of animals. And children for a long
179 II, 6 | them. So then the eyes of animals are perfected late because
180 II, 6 | the worst is given to the animals that live with them. Just
181 II, 6 | is a limit of size in all animals, and therefore also of the
182 II, 6 | always able to grow, all animals that have bone or its analogue
183 II, 6 | set the limit of size to animals. What is the reason of their
184 II, 6 | out of the bones in all animals that have both bones and
185 II, 6 | down in old age in some animals which eat much and have
186 II, 6 | own number complete.~Other animals are born in possession of
187 II, 6 | most naked in body of all animals and has the smallest nails
188 II, 6 | part in the bodies of all animals is the least concocted.
189 II, 7 | 7~In viviparous animals, as said before, the embryo
190 II, 7 | the others, is present in animals, it straightway sends off
191 II, 7 | more numerous in the larger animals as cattle and the like,
192 II, 7 | many blood-vessels. All animals with no front teeth in the
193 II, 7 | together.~But most of the animals which have front teeth in
194 II, 7 | throughout the uterus. Of such animals some produce one young at
195 II, 7 | been the case with other animals, but as it is we do not
196 II, 7 | intercourse takes place between animals of the same kind. However,
197 II, 7 | gestation are equal. In other animals such cases are rare, but
198 II, 7 | to have originated from animals of different species uniting
199 II, 7 | unite in consequence.~Of the animals that arise from such union
200 II, 7 | one another or with other animals. The problem why any individual,
201 II, 7 | sterile, and so are other animals in their several kinds,
202 II, 7 | causes of sterility in other animals are several. Both men and
203 II, 8 | in the case of all these animals alike which unite against
204 II, 8 | mother’s uterus because the animals from the first are not produced
205 II, 8 | though this is so with other animals they are none the less able
206 II, 8 | theory is not true, for many animals of different species are
207 II, 8 | preserved and thus these animals are fertile when crossed
208 II, 8 | in general each of these animals naturally tends towards
209 II, 8 | which is secreted in other animals to form the catamenia is
210 II, 8 | period of gestation in such animals is a year, the mule must
211 III, 1 | of mules, and about those animals which are viviparous both
212 III, 1 | extent similar to that of the animals that walk, and all may be
213 III, 1 | uterus of these classes of animals, what differences there
214 III, 1 | cartilaginous fishes, the latter in animals both internally and externally
215 III, 1 | exists in the female of all animals, birds have no discharge
216 III, 1 | nutriment from the yolk. Now in animals of a hotter nature the part
217 III, 1 | hence the eggs of such animals, as has been said, are of
218 III, 2 | from the uterus? For if animals derive their nutriment through
219 III, 2 | egg as the cord does with animals; for when its egg is perfected
220 III, 2 | seems to wish to implant in animals a special sense of care
221 III, 2 | their young: in the inferior animals this lasts only to the moment
222 III, 2 | of generation and as the animals are forming, and also the
223 III, 2 | understand that, in the case of animals developed in eggs, the chick
224 III, 2 | then is the manner in which animals produced from perfect eggs
225 III, 3 | as in birds and the other animals detached from the uterus,
226 III, 4 | that of a scolex, for those animals which produce a scolex give
227 III, 4 | aerated. This is effected in animals by the nature of the vital
228 III, 4 | the uterus because these animals have so many eggs. Therefore
229 III, 5 | the class of bushy-tailed animals), then not only should those
230 III, 5 | from themselves perfect animals or perfect eggs none is
231 III, 5 | and crustacea, yet these animals are actually seen copulating,
232 III, 5 | and generation of various animals are of all kinds and not
233 III, 7 | resemble in a way those animals which produce a scolex,
234 III, 8 | suppose that the former animals lay eggs in consequence
235 III, 8 | is also bifid. All these animals also lay an imperfect egg
236 III, 9 | the generation of other animals, those that walk, fly, and
237 III, 9 | such a nature; and in all animals, even the viviparous and
238 III, 9 | often stated of fish. With animals internally viviparous the
239 III, 9 | thus been stated why such animals go through a double development
240 III, 10| more generally to other animals also.~For if they do not
241 III, 10| should they do so? for all animals that trouble themselves
242 III, 10| female, for in all kinds of animals the two sexes differ. Besides
243 III, 10| may be paralleled in other animals, but that what they generate
244 III, 10| Concerning the generation of animals akin to them, as hornets
245 III, 11| expected. For compared with animals they resemble plants, compared
246 III, 11| with plants they resemble animals, so that in a sense they
247 III, 11| less material. Wherefore animals having no blood and not
248 III, 11| assigned to land, the aquatic animals to water, the land animals
249 III, 11| animals to water, the land animals to air, but variations of
250 III, 11| the other Nature does so. Animals and plants come into being
251 III, 11| consequently the testaceous animals are formed from a concretion
252 III, 11| investigation, what it is in such animals the formation of which corresponds
253 III, 11| understand that even in animals which generate it is from
254 III, 11| these (and also in some animals) there is no further need
255 III, 11| residual secretion in most animals does need it. The nourishment
256 III, 11| so that what the heat in animals produces from their nutriment,
257 III, 11| the young shoots.... Other animals are produced in the form
258 III, 11| not only those bloodless animals which are not generated
259 III, 11| the earth as it does in animals from the mother), then they
260 III, 11| of the generation of all animals, it is reasonable to suppose
261 III, 11| mentioned and in the bloodless animals. Such are some of the insects
262 III, 11| part of something (as do animals from eggs), and they grow
263 III, 11| resembles the development of animals from eggs, except that these
264 III, 11| nourishment is absorbed by all animals in the part below the hypozoma.~
265 III, 11| spontaneously generated animals. That all the testacea are
266 III, 11| another proof that such animals do not emit any generative
267 IV, 1 | spoken of the generation of animals both generally and separately
268 IV, 1 | all living things whether animals or plants, only in some
269 IV, 1 | uterus. For suppose two animals already moulded in embryo,
270 IV, 1 | the vivipara, both land animals and fish. Now if Empedocles
271 IV, 1 | not that these parts of animals contribute nothing to the
272 IV, 1 | proof of this is that many animals in which the distinction
273 IV, 1 | testes, as the footless animals; I mean the classes of fish
274 IV, 1 | Therefore the males of animals must needs be hotter than
275 IV, 1 | small. This is blood in some animals, in some its analogue. Now
276 IV, 1 | analogue of blood in the other animals, and (4) the cause of this
277 IV, 1 | and this in the hotter animals with blood, i.e. the males,
278 IV, 2 | For in the latter case the animals produce more secretion,
279 IV, 2 | southerly winds, but even if the animals while copulating look towards
280 IV, 3 | necessity. (For the class of animals divided into sexes must
281 IV, 3 | cause, it is necessary that animals should produce female young).
282 IV, 3 | bull, and so on with other animals, as that a calf has the
283 IV, 3 | to those of two or three animals, and his arguments often
284 IV, 3 | to that of the cause of animals being born defective in
285 IV, 4 | monstrosities appear very rarely in animals producing only one young
286 IV, 4 | monstrosities are commoner in other animals if they produce many young.
287 IV, 4 | the fissipeds, for such animals produce many young and imperfect,
288 IV, 4 | accident also often invades animals of such a nature. So, too,
289 IV, 4 | into another nature. But in animals producing many young not
290 IV, 4 | of the parts. Sometimes animals are born with too many toes,
291 IV, 4 | also in the internal parts, animals either not possessing some
292 IV, 4 | phenomena have been seen in animals perfect and alive. Animals
293 IV, 4 | animals perfect and alive. Animals also which naturally have
294 IV, 4 | observed, as stated above, in animals whose growth is perfected;
295 IV, 4 | reasonable to wonder why some animals produce many young, others
296 IV, 4 | one. For it is the largest animals that produce one, e.g. the
297 IV, 4 | are larger than all other animals, while the others are of
298 IV, 4 | family. The cloven-footed animals again produce few, except
299 IV, 4 | should expect the large animals to be able to generate more
300 IV, 4 | nutriment is expended in such animals upon increasing the body.
301 IV, 4 | body. But in the smaller animals Nature takes away from the
302 IV, 4 | given the reason why some animals are large, some smaller,
303 IV, 4 | elephant is the largest of animals and yet is many-toed, and
304 IV, 4 | cloven-footed. And not only in animals that walk but also in those
305 IV, 4 | explained then why some animals naturally produce many young,
306 IV, 4 | produce many, since such animals are often seen to conceive
307 IV, 4 | be seen lying in a row in animals that produce many, when
308 IV, 4 | Rather the truth is this. As animals complete their growth there
309 IV, 4 | to one another (I mean in animals of which the male emits
310 IV, 4 | just the reason why in such animals the embryos formed are numerous
311 IV, 4 | secretion is much, in the large animals which produce only one young
312 IV, 4 | that in man alone among animals the period of gestation
313 IV, 4 | than one heart will be two animals grown together through their
314 IV, 4 | often happens even in many animals that do not seem to be defective
315 IV, 4 | in sheep and some other animals; there was a cow in Perinthus
316 IV, 5 | not occur at all in some animals but does in others; of the
317 IV, 5 | not found in solid-hoofed animals and those larger than these,
318 IV, 5 | abortions. For just as, in those animals that bear only one, all
319 IV, 5 | women and mares are the only animals which admit the male during
320 IV, 5 | superfoetation is not found in some animals at all, why it is found
321 IV, 5 | sometimes not, and why some such animals are inclined to sexual intercourse
322 IV, 5 | others are not.~Some of those animals in which superfoetation
323 IV, 5 | therefore they can not only form animals but also bring them to birth
324 IV, 5 | Further, the uterus in such animals does not close up during
325 IV, 5 | embryo suffers, but in such animals it is according to Nature,
326 IV, 5 | superfoetation occurs in these animals, since they are not large
327 IV, 5 | many toes and the many-toed animals bear many), and they are
328 IV, 5 | hair is excessive, these animals alone having hair under
329 IV, 6 | perfection. All the many-toed animals that bear their young imperfect
330 IV, 6 | them imperfect, like those animals which generate a scolex,
331 IV, 6 | are blind, as not only the animals mentioned but also the dog,
332 IV, 6 | many as do the many-toed animals, but is cloven-footed or
333 IV, 6 | nature of the solid-hoofed animals. For this reason it produces
334 IV, 6 | females, but in the other animals this is not the case. The
335 IV, 6 | they are so in the other animals, for in them the female
336 IV, 6 | not at all so in the other animals; for in man it is contrary
337 IV, 6 | too early; in the other animals, however, it is not contrary
338 IV, 6 | between man and the other animals in respect of gestation,
339 IV, 6 | respect of gestation, for animals are in better bodily condition
340 IV, 6 | between women and the other animals in this state, but the most
341 IV, 6 | important thing is this: in some animals the discharge corresponding
342 IV, 6 | the mother. In the other animals, on the contrary, the residual
343 IV, 6 | holds good also with aquatic animals and birds. If it ever happens
344 IV, 7 | does not occur in other animals, unless indeed it does occur
345 IV, 7 | be that woman alone among animals is subject to troubles of
346 IV, 7 | rate more than in other animals.~
347 IV, 8 | all internally viviparous animals, becoming useful for the
348 IV, 8 | sake of the nourishment of animals after birth, so that it
349 IV, 8 | to Nature. In the other animals the period of gestation
350 IV, 8 | matter, in order that all animals which move about may contain
351 IV, 8 | women but also in those animals which have the mammae low
352 IV, 8 | size as compared with other animals; I mean that of the catamenia
353 IV, 8 | the mammae in each kind of animals for both causes; it is so
354 IV, 8 | that the nourishment in animals is now formed and becomes
355 IV, 9 | The natural birth of all animals is head-foremost, because
356 IV, 10| development of the long-lived animals should take a longer time.
357 IV, 10| that of the bushy-tailed animals and many others. The real
358 IV, 10| small time, whether they be animals or, one may say, anything
359 IV, 10| That is why horses and animals akin to them, though living
360 IV, 10| might expect, that in all animals the time of gestation and
361 IV, 10| into being and the end of animals by the measure of these
362 IV, 10| spoken of the nourishment of animals within the mother and of
363 V, 1 | qualities by which the parts of animals differ. I mean such qualities
364 V, 1 | characterize the whole of a kind of animals sometimes, while in other
365 V, 1 | in the time of life, all animals are alike in some points,
366 V, 1 | as the offspring of all animals are born, especially those
367 V, 1 | of wakefulness exists in animals first, or that of sleep.
368 V, 1 | for indeed at this time animals do actually live the life
369 V, 1 | both laugh and cry. For animals have sensations even while
370 V, 1 | at first more than other animals, for they are born in a
371 V, 1 | imperfect condition than other animals that are produced in anything
372 V, 1 | But in the case of other animals this is not visible. The
373 V, 1 | is that the eyes of other animals are more apt to have only
374 V, 1 | individuals in other kinds of animals do not differ from one another
375 V, 1 | one colour. Of the other animals the horse has the greatest
376 V, 1 | seen in any of the other animals, but man is sometimes heteroglaucous.~
377 V, 1 | visible change in the other animals if we compare their condition
378 V, 1 | heteroglaucia.~The cause of some animals being keen-sighted and others
379 V, 1 | A proof of this is that animals with prominent eyes do not
380 V, 2 | spiritus causes in some animals the pulsation of the heart
381 V, 2 | as with sight. For those animals can perceive at a distance
382 V, 2 | sense-organs. Therefore all animals whose nostrils are long,
383 V, 2 | Similar is the case of animals whose ears are long and
384 V, 2 | may say, the worst of all animals in proportion to his size,
385 V, 2 | thinnest-skinned of all animals for his size.~The workmanship
386 V, 3 | from all other kinds of animals that have hair. These are
387 V, 3 | when the covering of such animals is spiny it must be considered
388 V, 3 | corresponding manner also in all animals which have not hair but
389 V, 3 | made hair in general for animals has been previously stated
390 V, 3 | the causes of the parts of animals; it is the business of the
391 V, 3 | for this is thick in some animals and thin in others, rare
392 V, 3 | helping cause, for in some animals this is greasy and in others
393 V, 3 | Therefore the thicker-skinned animals are as a general rule thicker-haired
394 V, 3 | for the dry is hard. And animals with much moisture are straight-haired;
395 V, 3 | however, of the thick-skinned animals are fine-haired for the
396 V, 3 | of hairs).~There are some animals whose hair is soft and yet
397 V, 3 | with that of sheep; in such animals the hair is on the surface
398 V, 3 | same as it is also all wild animals. The cold hardens and solidifies
399 V, 3 | earthy and hard. In wild animals then the exposure to the
400 V, 3 | For the same reason, as animals grow older, the hairs become
401 V, 3 | feathers and hairs by those animals that have them; it is when
402 V, 3 | time of life), and to those animals which hibernate (for these,
403 V, 3 | although both hibernating animals recover their feathers or
404 V, 3 | man to what it is in the animals and plants in question.~
405 V, 4 | the cause of this in other animals and also of their being
406 V, 5 | account of age in other animals is the same as that already
407 V, 5 | most clear in horses of all animals that we know, because the
408 V, 5 | When the hairs of other animals are white, this is caused
409 V, 5 | of the colours in other animals is the skin; if they are
410 V, 5 | the thinnest skin of all animals in proportion to his size
411 V, 5 | at all. But in the other animals the skin, owing to its thickness,
412 V, 6 | 6~Of animals some are uni-coloured (I
413 V, 6 | and the other classes of animals alike); others though many-coloured
414 V, 6 | especially found in those animals of which by nature the individual
415 V, 6 | them. Hence also in all animals not uniformly coloured all
416 V, 6 | For practically all white animals are both hotter and better
417 V, 6 | same cause holds for those animals which are uniformly-coloured,
418 V, 6 | compared with the vari-coloured animals, and again in the simply
419 V, 6 | skin of the vari-coloured animals is not uniformly coloured,
420 V, 6 | age.~The more omnivorous animals are more vari-coloured to
421 V, 7 | voice, it is deep in some animals, high in others, in others
422 V, 7 | voice is higher in all other animals when younger, but in cattle
423 V, 7 | sexes; in the other kinds of animals the voice of the female
424 V, 7 | degree because he alone of animals makes use of speech and
425 V, 7 | Now the purpose for which animals have a voice, and what is
426 V, 7 | air is the cause of some animals having a deep and others
427 V, 7 | softness, and some high-voiced animals are loud-voiced, and in
428 V, 7 | result will be that the same animals will be deep-and loud-voiced,
429 V, 7 | that neither are all young animals high-voiced nor all deep-voiced,
430 V, 7 | that of youth.~Most young animals, then, and most females
431 V, 7 | along slowly. And these animals set much in movement whereas
432 V, 7 | Now the strength of all animals is in their sinews, and
433 V, 7 | connected with sinew.)~All animals when castrated change to
434 V, 7 | female character in castrated animals; it is because the principle
435 V, 7 | contributes to make some animals of such a character as to
436 V, 8 | the same purpose in all animals, but in some for nutrition
437 V, 8 | because they are formed in animals too early, for it is when
438 V, 8 | too early, for it is when animals are practically in their
439 V, 8 | teeth, and, further, all the animals with carnivorous dentition
440 V, 8 | is that even in suckling animals those young which enjoy