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| Aristotle On the Heavens IntraText - Concordances (Hapax - words occurring once) |
Book, Paragraph
1 II, 14| arrive at the figure 400,000 stades. This indicates not 2 II, 13| 13~It remains to speak of the 3 II, 14| 14~Let us first decide the 4 II, 14| circumference arrive at the figure 400,000 stades. This indicates 5 I, 8 | result is that we must either abandon our present assumption or 6 III, 4 | Leucippus and Democritus of Abdera-the implications of which are 7 II, 13| matter to the best of our ability, we are entitled to treat 8 IV, 5 | the second motion will be abolished. And so, either there will 9 III, 1 | mathematics deals with an abstract and physics with a more 10 II, 13| seen to involve greater absurdities than the problem itself.~ 11 II, 4 | the centre the lines AB, AC, and let their extremities 12 III, 2 | a stone, will be merely accelerated by an external force, while 13 III, 7 | anything. And even if this were accepted, there are other implications 14 II, 14| if there is not a similar accession of concurrent fragments 15 III, 1 | and they are divisible per accidens when that which has them 16 II, 14| centre of the earth, but accidentally, in virtue of the fact that 17 II, 13| observations and trying to accommodate them to certain theories 18 III, 2 | gave the impulse ceases to accompany it. Otherwise, i.e. if the 19 I, 6 | as the finite, will move accordingly, but being, on the other 20 II, 14| is determined, are fully accounted for on the hypothesis that 21 III, 7 | into conflict with our most accurate sciences, namely the mathematical, 22 II, 9 | coppersmiths, who are so accustomed to the noise of the smithy 23 II, 12| is nearest to it should achieve it by little and simple 24 I, 10| again, with Empedliocles of Acragas and Heraclitus of Ephesus, 25 II, 12| the greatest variety of actions-for there are many goods that 26 IV, 1 | naturally in a certain way. The activities corresponding to these powers 27 I, 12| exists-since then it exists in actuality-but of not existing last year 28 I, 12| not there in actuality. Actualize, then, the capacity. It 29 III, 8 | while the other has the most acute angles, and the angles, 30 II, 4 | straight line BC. The line AD, drawn to the base of the 31 II, 6 | identical or increasing additions of speed and for an infinite 32 II, 13| the water-clock. And they adduce an amount of evidence to 33 II, 6 | the movement as a whole admissible. Retardation is always due 34 II, 1 | neither came into being nor admits of destruction, as some 35 III, 2 | extra-corporeal void must be admitted.~ 36 III, 4 | are elements. Any one who adopts this view misapprehends 37 IV, 1 | earth’s surface a man by advancing far enough will come to 38 I, 10| first heard the pleas of our adversaries will be more likely to credit 39 IV, 4 | we shall be following the advice which we gave to those whose 40 II, 4 | that is until the line AE is equal to the two radii. 41 II, 14| neither will it in any way affect the argument if there is 42 IV, 3 | three kinds of movement, affecting respectively the size, the 43 I, 7 | which obtains between the agents, greater and less. If so, 44 II, 7 | turned into fire by the agitation produced by their movement, 45 II, 13| too there is no general agreement. All who deny that the earth 46 I, 8 | could also be shown with the aid of the discussions which 47 IV, 6 | more likely to happen in air-an objection which he himself 48 I, 2 | their kinds, and whatever is akin to them. Necessarily, then, 49 IV, 3 | concerning any other subject of aletion. Of course the subject of 50 I, 7 | determined by the proper and alien places. Again, a place in 51 I, 5 | unimportant, but rather all-important, to our search for the truth. 52 IV, 5 | must be a common matter of all-particularly if they pass into one another-which 53 III, 8 | and unshapen-for thus the "all-receptive", as we read in the Timaeus, 54 III, 8 | especially if there are, as they allege, atomic figures. Anyhow 55 III, 1 | superficial contact is allowed as an alternative to linear, 56 I, 12| destructible or generated is always alterable. Now alteration is due to 57 III, 1 | movement, and also their alterations and reciprocal transformations. 58 I, 10| To say that the universe alternately combines and dissolves is 59 III, 1 | destruction from the world altogether. Nothing that is, they said, 60 I, 9 | upon the fact that it is always-duration immortal and divine. From 61 II, 2 | us say, since "prior" is ambiguous, prior in order of generation. 62 II, 8 | possible removed in shape from ambulatory bodies. Since, therefore, 63 II, 13| endless and endless the ample ether-such is the vain tale 64 IV, 2 | Empedocles, have not tried to analyse the notions of light and 65 II, 13| attention: but there are some, Anaximander, for instance, among the 66 II, 13| of all the differences.~Anaximenes and Anaxagoras and Democritus 67 I, 3 | handed down from our distant ancestors even to our own day, seems 68 III, 8 | even the sphere a kind of angle, which cuts things because 69 III, 8 | combustion, because the one is angular throughout while the other 70 I, 2 | to one body is natural to another-as, for instance, is the case 71 IV, 5 | all-particularly if they pass into one another-which in each is in being different. 72 I, 10| Indeed it cannot be so; for antecedent and consequent, as assumed, 73 III, 7 | divisible, while they, in their anxiety to save their hypothesis, 74 I, 9 | the formula of the shape apart from the matter must be 75 II, 13| from a distance on these apparently small circles appears straight. 76 II, 2 | that, if right and left are applicable, there are prior principles 77 I, 11| which has several distinct applications. The character which is 78 I, 9 | if we cannot conceive or apprehend any other example beside 79 III, 4 | difference lies in qualities apprehended by sense, which are in fact 80 II, 4 | our observation can even approach. For the matter of which 81 I, 1 | the term "all" has been appropriated. And in this, as we have 82 III, 8 | they were also the most apt to produce warmth and combustion, 83 I, 10| necessary to be rather an arbitrator than a party to the dispute.~ 84 II, 14| The earth, it might be argued, is at the centre and spherical 85 I, 9 | there be, nor could there arise, any other thing that was 86 II, 2 | troubled by the question, arising from the spherical shape 87 I, 10| The ordered, it is said, arose out of the unordered; and 88 II, 4 | numbers, it is most natural to arrange them in this way. The circle 89 II, 12| of stars that their whole array seems to defy counting, 90 I, 9 | things, some more or less articulately but others feebly, enjoy. 91 I, 3 | by being forced violently aside in an upward or downward 92 III, 1 | weight and lightness, but an assemblage of units can neither be 93 III, 8 | kind of theory, instead of assenting after a passing glance at 94 III, 7 | necessarily involve the assertion of atomic bodies. For if 95 I, 10| more likely to credit the assertions which we are going to make. 96 II, 4 | number two. But if one is assigned to the triangle, the circle 97 II, 6 | character. Again, suppose one assumes a minimum time in less than 98 I, 3 | one who believes in our assumptions. Our theory seems to confirm 99 I, 8 | points, then, gives adequate assurance of the truth of our contentions. 100 II, 1 | that the world needs some Atlas to keep it safe-a tale composed, 101 II, 12| either they have but one attainable good (as indeed man has), 102 IV, 2 | existence of a void, have attempted this, have failed to explain 103 III, 7 | principles, fall into the attitude of men who undertake the 104 II, 2 | two they mentioned were attributable equally to everything.~Since 105 II, 13| has been preserved, and is attributed to Thales of Miletus. It 106 IV, 2 | is also an absurdity in attributing the upward movement of bodies 107 IV, 1 | movement, all inquirers avail themselves of these powers, 108 III, 5 | the single element, while avoiding this difficulty, involve 109 II, 12| given by the Egyptians and Babylonians, whose observations have 110 II, 5 | movement is superior to backward, then front and back exhibits, 111 II, 7 | so strongly that leaden balls are melted; and if they 112 I, 3 | of gods at all, whether barbarian or Greek, agree in allotting 113 I, 9 | infinity, is "duration"-a name based upon the fact that it is 114 IV, 2 | themselves. The view which bases the distinction upon differences 115 II, 4 | joined by the straight line BC. The line AD, drawn to the 116 III, 5 | grounds. The reason given may be-more crudely-that the pyramid 117 II, 4 | the surface of the water BEC is spherical.~It is plain 118 II, 13| the most precious place befits the most precious thing: 119 I, 10| combination, but the very same as before-especially on the view of those who 120 | behind 121 I, 10| dispositions.~If the world is believed to be one, it is impossible 122 I, 3 | been said to any one who believes in our assumptions. Our 123 I, 6 | there is any obstacle to our believing that there are other universes 124 I, 8 | the intermediate place, belonging to the intermediate body. 125 II, 2 | whom indeed the view really belongs-we must consider whether, if 126 | beside 127 II, 12| For it is natural that the best-conditioned of all things should have 128 II, 8 | absurdity that nature has bestowed upon them no organ appropriate 129 II, 13| surprise that, while a little bit of earth, let loose in mid-air 130 III, 1 | is divided into white and black, and they are divisible 131 IV, 4 | evidence in the fact that a bladder when inflated weighs more 132 II, 4 | these similarly by the upper bodies-which while not continuous are 133 II, 2 | expect to find in the perfect body-and each may be called a principle. 134 III, 5 | denser than air, an infinite body-so they say-bracing all the 135 II, 13| causation supposed they all borrow from observations of liquids 136 I, 3 | lightness or heaviness or both-but not both relatively to the 137 II, 4 | themselves the line which bounds the circle is the shortest; 138 II, 2 | parts as right and left, a boy land below, front and back. 139 III, 1 | indivisible lines, which we may briefly consider at this point. 140 II, 12| side and came forth by the bright and shining part. Similar 141 II, 13| will be one who is ready in bringing forward the objections proper 142 III, 2 | the time. Thus their view brings them into the contrary position 143 I, 2 | constraint, of course, it may be brought to move with the motion 144 III, 2 | constructed the heaven by building it up out of bodies in separation, 145 III, 7 | which contains it is often burst because it does not contain 146 III, 8 | properties, and powers. Our first business, then, will be to speak 147 II, 14| mathematicians who try to calculate the size of the earth’s 148 II, 2 | contrary spatial order, calling right that which is to our 149 I, 12| If then we assume the two capacities to be actualized, opposites 150 I, 12| established these distinctions we car now proceed to the sequel. 151 II, 8 | chance, and would not, while caring for animals, overlook things 152 II, 7 | movement, the upper bodies are carried on a moving sphere, so that, 153 I, 12| And this is true in every category, whether the thing is, for 154 II, 13| constrained. (The form of causation supposed they all borrow 155 II, 13| wrong to give the earth the central position, looking for confirmation 156 II, 14| actually situated at the centre-but it might be questioned since 157 I, 2 | straight downward towards the centre-since this is so, it follows that 158 II, 14| be questioned since both centres are the same, which centre 159 III, 7 | which results from division cfpies of necessity a greater space. 160 III, 7 | they should be generated by changing into one another. And this 161 II, 13| movements? In the infinite chaos there can have been neither 162 I, 10| shall be less open to the charge of procuring judgement by 163 III, 8 | compacting of the homogeneous. In choosing the shape, then, they should 164 II, 13| to a single point on the circumference-the only possible result on 165 I, 4 | recognized as having the best claim to that name. But the two 166 III, 1 | substances. As substances I class the simple bodies-fire, 167 II, 3 | This matter also shall be cleared up in what follows: but 168 I, 10| question we shall attain clearness when we examine the matter 169 III, 4 | does not seem as if the clements would be infinite in number. 170 I, 3 | as a whole and of a small clod-have one and the same direction, 171 II, 7 | air, a substance which is closer to fire than these. An example 172 II, 12| instance, to throw ten thousand Coan throws with the dice would 173 III, 5 | the finer body than of the coarser, obviously the element of 174 II, 5 | human merely or of a more cogent kind. When any one shall 175 I, 12| impossible and the times must coincide. Thus if a thing which exists 176 II, 8 | chance combination, the coincidence in every case of a greater 177 III, 3 | seeds, each consisting of a collection of all the homoeomerous 178 III, 8 | produce them because their collocation cannot produce a continuum. 179 II, 13| saying, with Xenophanes of Colophon, that it has "pushed its 180 III, 2 | combine in some cases into combinations like those of which bodies 181 IV, 4 | what cannot be can no more come-to-be than be, and movement is 182 II, 2 | transverse" in the universe we commonly mean, not above and below, 183 I, 7 | no end, but the movement communicated has.~If therefore every 184 III, 8 | body is an incident in the compacting of the homogeneous. In choosing 185 II, 12| but to throw one or two is comparatively easy. In action, again, 186 II, 13| one. It would indeed be a complacent mind that felt no surprise 187 I, 5 | limit; or, indeed, if it is completely determinate, in any respect 188 I, 2 | dimensions, so its movement completes itself in three forms.~Bodies 189 I, 2 | above: as body found its completion in three dimensions, so 190 II, 12| is farther removed by a complexity of actions, just as with 191 I, 2 | compound in that of the composite-and in the latter case the motion 192 I, 2 | either simple or in some sort compound-simple in the case of the simple 193 I, 2 | Bodies are either simple or compounded of such; and by simple bodies 194 I, 4 | line to the circular. For concave and convex are a not only 195 II, 14| kind straight, gibbous, and concave-but in eclipses the outline 196 II, 13| rises and sets, the part concealed by the earth shows a straight 197 II, 9 | of the stars produces a concord corroborates our view. Bodies 198 II, 9 | the same ratios as musical concordances, they assert that the sound 199 II, 9 | the sounds they make are concordant, in spite of the grace and 200 III, 1 | and physics with a more concrete object. There are many attributes 201 II, 14| not a similar accession of concurrent fragments from every side. 202 II, 1 | soul could not live in such conditions painlessly or happily, since 203 IV, 4 | and "heavy", in order to confine the application to bodies 204 I, 3 | assumptions. Our theory seems to confirm experience and to be confirmed 205 I, 3 | confirm experience and to be confirmed by it. For all men have 206 I, 9 | unchangeable. This fact confirms what we have said. For there 207 III, 4 | or that any other natural conformation is composed of parts like 208 I, 11| to the argument, yet some confusion of mind must result from 209 II, 2 | of depth. Or again we may connect them with the various movements, 210 II, 4 | rest: but the line which connects the extremities of the radii 211 IV, 3 | similar to what happens in connexion with other forms of generation 212 II, 8 | observation and general consent, they do. Further, one would 213 IV, 4 | are primary and all else consequential: and in so doing we shall 214 II, 13| and at rest, can bear a considerable weight.~Now, first, if the 215 III, 1 | Moreover, no weight can consist of parts not possessing 216 III, 3 | all the other seeds, each consisting of a collection of all the 217 II, 1 | effortless; for it needs no constraining necessity to keep it to 218 III, 2 | Love: for he could not have constructed the heaven by building it 219 I, 10| not parallel; for, in the construction of the figure, when the 220 II, 12| not far removed from that consummation. Thus, taking health as 221 II, 5 | but at present we must be content with a probable solution. 222 I, 9 | it does. But perhaps our contention can be made clearer in this 223 I, 8 | assurance of the truth of our contentions. The same could also be 224 IV, 6 | direction. But since some continua are easily divided and others 225 I, 6 | time of the movement can be continually diminished, yet there is 226 II, 13| the same principle as the contraction, in which the place was 227 I, 4 | contrary places alike. (By contrarieties of place I mean up and down, 228 III, 8 | the hot, but there is no contrariety between figures. That is 229 II, 14| to the centre, as of fire contrariwise to move from the centre 230 IV, 2 | there is one matter and its contrary-the void, for instance, and 231 II, 12| has), or, if several, each contributes directly to their ultimate 232 II, 14| further supported by the contributions of mathematicians to astronomy, 233 II, 8 | shapes the sphere is the most convenient for movement in one place, 234 II, 14| but rather compression and convergence of part and part until the 235 I, 5 | 7) It can also be shown, conversely, that if the time of revolution 236 I, 4 | circular. For concave and convex are a not only regarded 237 I, 9 | if we are speaking of the copper or gold sphere we do include 238 II, 9 | is just what happens to coppersmiths, who are so accustomed to 239 II, 4 | of the projection at the corners. Similarly, if the world 240 IV, 2 | weight obviously does not correspond in this way to the bulk, 241 I, 8 | continued to infinity is corroborated by the fact that earth moves 242 II, 4 | necessarily be spherical.~Corroborative evidence may be drawn from 243 III, 2 | grasped; for he starts his cosmogony from unmoved things. The 244 II, 12| attain it indeed, but at the cost of a multiplicity of movement.~ 245 II, 13| as we said before, the counter-earth as well. Some of them even 246 II, 13| which they give the name counterearth. In all this they are not 247 II, 12| whole array seems to defy counting, while of the other stars 248 I, 4 | another, but they are also coupled together and treated as 249 II, 9 | with, a moving body which creates no friction. We may say, 250 II, 13| earth is one of the stars, creating night and day by its circular 251 IV, 3 | also due to the original creative force and to that which 252 II, 11| nature is no wanton or random creator, clearly she will have given 253 I, 9 | the period of life of any creature, outside of which no natural 254 I, 10| adversaries will be more likely to credit the assertions which we 255 II, 11| hypothesis accounts for the crescent shape of the sun’s eclipses. 256 II, 11| show for the most part a crescent-shaped or gibbous figure, and only 257 II, 5 | admitting no exception. The criticism, however, is not always 258 II, 2 | then, they may fairly be criticized, first, for omitting the 259 II, 12| the one primary motion is crowded a vast multitude of stars, 260 III, 5 | reason given may be-more crudely-that the pyramid is the most 261 III, 8 | through the passages it crushes. Clearly, then, that which 262 III, 1 | more matter in the same cubic area. A point, then, if 263 I, 7 | have come to be white, or a cubit long, or in Egypt, it is 264 I, 12| or "white", or "three cubits long", or whatever it may 265 I, 9 | Suppose "aquilinity" to be curvature in the nose or flesh, and 266 II, 14| in the neighbourhood of Cyprus which are not seen in the 267 II, 10| astronomy may be left to deal, since the astronomical 268 III, 1 | mathematics; for mathematics deals with an abstract and physics 269 IV, 1 | Our predecessors have not dealt at all with the absolute 270 II, 13| Empedocles, in the words "if the deeps of the earth are endless 271 I, 10| of procuring judgement by default. To give a satisfactory 272 I, 1 | which is complete cannot be defective, since it has being in every 273 III, 7 | of men who undertake the defence of a position in argument. 274 II, 13| what is defined, and what defines it is the limit, and that 275 I, 11| maximum-since we feel obliged in defining the power to give the limit 276 I, 12| for an infinite, or for a definitely limited space of time; and 277 I, 12| This is clear too from the definition of the terms, Whatever is 278 II, 12| their whole array seems to defy counting, while of the other 279 II, 14| indicated does not depend upon degrees of size but applies universally 280 I, 3 | the highest place to the deity, surely because they suppose 281 II, 8 | precious. Indeed, nature seems deliberately to have stripped them of 282 III, 4 | proved. This is the common demand of mathematicians, who always 283 I, 5 | would be required. (This we demonstrated above in the discussion 284 I, 6 | make any difference to our demonstration whether the total mass has 285 I, 10| results; but in these other demonstrations what results is not that 286 I, 6 | infinite is to be asserted or denied), but also suitably to our 287 III, 3 | composed; but this Anaxagoras denies. His elements are the homoeomerous 288 I, 7 | what "within" and "beyond" denote-and therefore an object of perception. 289 II, 8 | self-moved, in that it has no dependent or projecting part, as a 290 IV, 2 | the superior weight always depending upon a numerical superiority 291 III, 5 | observe the fact that they are depriving the element of its priority. 292 II, 2 | right of breadth, front of depth. Or again we may connect 293 II, 3 | to the natural, being a derangement of the natural which occurs 294 I, 9 | immortal and divine. From it derive the being and life which 295 III, 6 | process which succeeds in destroying, that is, in resolving into 296 III, 4 | have never explained in detail the shapes of the various 297 I, 6 | as we have shown it, by a detailed consideration of the various 298 I, 10| those which observation detects in many or all instances. 299 II, 3 | bodies. But let not that deter us. The reason must be sought 300 II, 13| cannot be the whirl which determines the heavy and the light. 301 I, 9 | outside of which no natural development can fall, has been called 302 I, 5 | since the least initial deviation from the truth is multiplied 303 II, 1 | therefore be uneasy and devoid of all rational satisfaction; 304 II, 12| thousand Coan throws with the dice would be impossible, but 305 I, 10| had a beginning, but for didactic reasons facilitating understanding 306 III, 6 | quenched, and by itself when it dies out. But the effect is produced 307 III, 4 | earth, and water cannot be differentiated by the relative sizes of 308 I, 8 | taken hence will not behave differently either from the portions 309 I, 7 | and that which is moved, differing in their form and power.~ 310 IV, 3 | to some has been the main difficulty-the question why some bodies 311 II, 9 | bodies moved in a generally diffused mass of air or fire, as 312 I, 8 | constrained movement always diminishes in speed as the source of 313 I, 6 | of equal weight to BD by diminishing or increasing the size of 314 IV, 2 | relative lightness will disappear. Thus fire, they say, is 315 II, 1 | unaffected by any mortal discomfort, and, in addition, effortless; 316 II, 5 | will be due to him for the discovery, but at present we must 317 IV, 2 | question is, how will they discriminate the absolutely heavy? Presumably, 318 II, 9 | since sound and silence are discriminated by mutual contrast. What 319 IV, 1 | few cases without exact discrimination. We must then first look 320 I, 5 | infinite, then, we must now discuss, opening the whole matter 321 III, 1 | 1~WE have already discussed the first heaven and its 322 IV, 4 | different from it, and therefore diseasedness is different from healthiness.~ 323 III, 2 | the contrary position that disorder is natural, and order or 324 I, 10| combination therefore they will be dispersed, just as in the past after 325 IV, 2 | bodies are composed) which disposes fire to move upward. If 326 I, 10| is now in this order or disposition and now in that, and if 327 III, 3 | which of these, is still disputable), and not itself divisible 328 I, 10| arbitrator than a party to the dispute.~That the world was generated 329 II, 13| III. There are similar disputes about the shape of the earth. 330 IV, 6 | the heavy thing towards disruption and division exceeds that 331 IV, 6 | of the heavy body and the disruption-resisting force of the continuous 332 III, 7 | elements which do suffer dissolution, the "suspension" of the 333 I, 10| alternately combines and dissolves is no more paradoxical than 334 II, 3 | pursue our inquiries at a distance-a distance created not so 335 III, 5 | in the view elements and distinguishes them by their greatness 336 III, 8 | or none should have their distinguishing figures. Some of them, however, 337 III, 2 | that is the order of their distribution in our world. There is a 338 II, 13| they have no need to be so disturbed about the world, or to call 339 II, 6 | since, if there were, some divergence of the stars would have 340 III, 2 | of order is not proved by diversity of direction in motions: 341 II, 4 | figures. Further, those who divide bodies into planes and generate 342 III, 8 | postulate that a knife or a saw divides things into knives or saws. 343 II, 1 | consistent with popular divinations of the divine nature. But 344 I, 9 | it-since that would mean more divine-and it has no defect and lacks 345 II, 2 | right hands, as with the diviner, or to some similarity to 346 I, 1 | or in two alone: for the divisibility and continuity of magnitudes 347 III, 8 | angles, the octahedron and dodecahedron as well as the pyramid; 348 I, 11| contrary, he who can see a dot or hear a small sound will 349 II, 13| appearance ought not to make them doubt the circular shape of the 350 IV, 2 | and all earthy things move downwards or towards the centre. It 351 II, 13| equidistant from food and drink, is therefore bound to stay 352 II, 14| and the greater weight driving the lesser forward till 353 II, 13| others that it is flat and drum-shaped. For evidence they bring 354 IV, 6 | it is small, as with gold dust and the various earthy and 355 IV, 6 | and the various earthy and dusty materials which throng the 356 II, 13| their view that we do not dwell at the centre, than on the 357 IV, 5 | because it has something, e.g. void, which other things 358 III, 1 | outside his circle by the earliest natural philosophers. But 359 II, 9 | that the sound is in our ears from the very moment of 360 IV, 4 | heavy. Both are lighter than earth-for any portion of either rises 361 III, 1 | lines and the points); the earthplane, I mean, will be heavier 362 II, 14| the earth that makes the eclipse, the form of this line will 363 II, 1 | would necessarily involve effort the more so, the more eternal 364 II, 1 | discomfort, and, in addition, effortless; for it needs no constraining 365 II, 12| other stars are given by the Egyptians and Babylonians, whose observations 366 III, 4 | figures, while the sphere has eight pyramidal parts. The figures 367 III, 7 | there is a body prior to the element-for every body is either an 368 III, 7 | an element or composed of elements-or not every body is divisible.~ 369 II, 14| this they quote the case of elephants, a species occurring in 370 II, 4 | solids. For it alone is embraced by a single surface, while 371 II, 1 | duration, containing and embracing in itself the infinity of 372 I, 10| formation. Others again, with Empedliocles of Acragas and Heraclitus 373 IV, 4 | inflated weighs more than when empty. A body, then, in which 374 II, 6 | nor does the unnatural endure as long as the natural, 375 I, 9 | articulately but others feebly, enjoy. So, too, in its discussions 376 II, 12| rather conceive them as enjoying life and action. On this 377 II, 12| One thing then has and enjoys the ultimate good, other 378 IV, 2 | our predecessors who have entered upon this inquiry have for 379 II, 12| serial order indeed but entirely inanimate; but should rather 380 I, 9 | this world contains the entirety of matter, as in fact it 381 III, 1 | without some such unchanging entities, they naturally transferred 382 II, 13| best of our ability, we are entitled to treat our results as 383 II, 4 | as the substance of the enveloping body; since with each step 384 II, 14| the less being forced to equalize itself by the greater owing 385 I, 8 | if these names are used equivocally, if the identity of name 386 I, 8 | only be called a world by equivocation. Clearly, then, one of the 387 III, 8 | atomic spheres and pyramids, especially if there are, as they allege, 388 II, 12| makes matters equal and establishes a certain order, giving 389 II, 13| endless and endless the ample ether-such is the vain tale told by 390 IV, 5 | weightwhereas earth has weight everywhere-but they only have lightness 391 II, 8 | pace of each star should be exactly proportioned to the size 392 IV, 6 | We have now finished our examination of the heavy and the light 393 I, 7 | The question may also be examined in the light of more general 394 III, 4 | into homoeomerous parts; examples are flesh, bone, wood, and 395 II, 13| or of the men who, though exceedingly hungry and thirsty, and 396 I, 9 | lacks none of its proper excellences. Its unceasing movement, 397 III, 1 | Parmenides. But however excellent their theories may otherwise 398 II, 8 | it. The visual ray being excessively prolonged becomes weak and 399 II, 8 | their position so as to exchange circles, the slower would 400 II, 2 | right and left, only, to the exclusion of the other four, which 401 III, 7 | body present in air and excreted from air, since air becomes 402 II, 2 | distinction of parts, we must exect, as we have said, to find 403 I, 3 | nature seems justly to have exempted from contraries the body 404 III, 4 | process that will in time exhaust the supply; and it is by 405 I, 10| facilitating understanding by exhibiting the object, like the figure, 406 I, 12| be in actuality at once existent and non-existent. Thus a 407 I, 12| existing at a time when it exists-since then it exists in actuality-but 408 III, 6 | size, cannot reasonably be expected to fail with the smaller 409 III, 4 | composed of numbers. The exposition is not clear, but this is 410 I, 12| intermediate between the other two.~Expresed universally our argument 411 III, 5 | pyramid. Others, again, express no opinion on the subject 412 I, 3 | fashion which we have been expressing. The same ideas, one must 413 III, 8 | separating is incidental. For the expulsion of the foreign body is an 414 I, 8 | portion or that but must extend to all alike. For all are 415 II, 12| difficulty, but as the series extends the difficulty grows. We 416 I, 9 | are there unnaturally, the exterior place will be natural to 417 II, 10| respective distances from the extremity-with this astronomy may be left 418 III, 3 | flesh or wood, or it would exude them. Similarly, even if 419 III, 3 | one sees these elements exuded from them; and, on the other 420 II, 1 | therefore supported it in their fabulous way upon animate necessity. 421 III, 4 | that a face is composed of faces, or that any other natural 422 I, 10| but for didactic reasons facilitating understanding by exhibiting 423 I, 11| reference either to truth or to facility; (c) thirdly, of anything 424 IV, 6 | But since there are two factors, the force responsible for 425 IV, 2 | have attempted this, have failed to explain why there are 426 II, 2 | grounds, then, they may fairly be criticized, first, for 427 I, 5 | lines can be conceived as falling. This, I say, will be infinite: 428 II, 13| fragments of earth, before it falls, take away the earth, and 429 I, 12| standing is to assert a falsehood, but not an impossibility. 430 II, 14| As further evidence in favour of this they quote the case 431 I, 6 | be greater than that of FB; and thus the weight of 432 IV, 6 | reply to the objection is feeble. In the air, he says, the " 433 I, 9 | articulately but others feebly, enjoy. So, too, in its 434 I, 11| of the maximum-since we feel obliged in defining the 435 II, 13| be a complacent mind that felt no surprise that, while 436 IV, 2 | centre. It cannot then be the fewness of the triangles (of which, 437 III, 8 | plane figures which can fill a space, the triangle, the 438 III, 8 | they will not succeed in filling the whole. It is agreed 439 II, 12| permits. But the first heaven finds it immediately with a single 440 IV, 6 | the surface.~We have now finished our examination of the heavy 441 II, 13| regard the whole heaven as finite-say it lies at the centre. But 442 III, 1 | will be heavier than the fire-plane. In general, the result 443 III, 2 | the same argument would fit the case of lightness. Again, 444 II, 13| This seems to be the way of flat-shaped bodies: for even the wind 445 II, 13| to stay still because it floated like wood and other similar 446 II, 13| as a whole is capable of floating upon water, that must obviously 447 III, 1 | generated and, as they said, "is flowing away, nothing having any 448 I, 2 | as fire is ordained to fly up and earth down. If, on 449 I, 12| an eternity of existence followed later by non-existence. 450 II, 5 | seem evidence of excessive folly or excessive zeal to try 451 II, 13| yet being equidistant from food and drink, is therefore 452 I, 5 | infinite, any more than a foot-rule can. There is then no such 453 II, 14| also because heavy bodies forcibly thrown quite straight upward 454 II, 13| observed facts, but rather forcing their observations and trying 455 II, 9 | is as though nature had foreseen the result, that if their 456 I, 8 | movement must differ in form-just as the movement of coming 457 III, 8 | cases the substratum must be formless and unshapen-for thus the " 458 IV, 1 | whatever others have said, and formulate the questions which require 459 IV, 3 | the mover to its object fortuitous: the thing altered is different 460 IV, 3 | which is so moved are not fortuitously related. Now, that which 461 I, 12| the products of chance and fortune are opposed to what is, 462 III, 1 | however, wrong to remove the foundations of a science unless you 463 II, 13| moves, the whole earth, free in midair, should show no 464 III, 1 | constitution, and of its freedom from destruction and generation, 465 II, 13| eclipses of the moon are more frequent than eclipses of the sun: 466 IV, 5 | constituent bodies or to the fullness of the body: but the contrary 467 II, 14| stars is determined, are fully accounted for on the hypothesis 468 II, 2 | first, for omitting the more fundamental principles, and secondly, 469 III, 5 | form other bodies, as the fusing of gold-dust produces solid 470 II, 13| that he will be when he has gained an understanding of all 471 I, 6 | of a less, the weight of GB will be greater than that 472 I, 12| actually destroyed. The generable, similarly, has been generated, 473 III, 6 | something else. The theory which generates them from something incorporeal 474 IV, 4 | absolutely", in view of the generic character of "light" and " 475 I, 10| generation they are doing what geometricians do when they construct their 476 II, 7 | warmth increases as the sun gets nearer or higher or overhead. 477 I, 5 | at the start turns out a giant at the end. Now the conception 478 II, 12| establishes a certain order, giving to the single motion many 479 III, 8 | assenting after a passing glance at it, will see that it 480 I, 2 | them; and that the superior glory of its nature is proportionate 481 I, 10| assertions which we are going to make. We shall be less 482 III, 5 | bodies, as the fusing of gold-dust produces solid gold. Both 483 II, 12| actions-for there are many goods that man can secure; hence 484 II, 9 | concordant, in spite of the grace and originality with which 485 III, 8 | spheres or pyramids. Let us grant that these figures may reasonably 486 III, 2 | seems to have thoroughly grasped; for he starts his cosmogony 487 II, 5 | proofs of greater precision, gratitude will be due to him for the 488 I, 3 | all, whether barbarian or Greek, agree in allotting the 489 II, 12| series extends the difficulty grows. We must, then, think of 490 II, 2 | which movement first begins. Growth starts from above, locomotion 491 II, 13| the world, or to call in a guard for its centre: rather let 492 II, 13| should be most strictly guarded, and name it, or rather 493 II, 13| occupies that place, the "Guardhouse of Zeus", as if the word " 494 II, 13| indifference-on the analogy of the hair which, it is said, however 495 II, 12| For we have seen the moon, half-full, pass beneath the planet 496 II, 11| and only at one moment a half-moon? And astronomical arguments 497 I, 3 | name, too, which has been handed down from our distant ancestors 498 II, 2 | may be to our own right hands, as with the diviner, or 499 II, 1 | conditions painlessly or happily, since the movement involves 500 II, 13| elements were separated off by Hate, what caused the earth to