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Book, Paragraph
1 I, 15| 15~On the formation, then, 2 I, 16| 16~The presence, then, of a 3 I, 17| 17~Likeness should be studied, 4 I, 18| 18~It is useful to have examined 5 IV, 4 | always found in that which abides, and is used of that, so 6 IV, 2 | species is naturally prior and abolishes the genus along with itself: 7 I, 5 | definitions; and that all the above-mentioned examples are of this character 8 VI, 8 | for the existence of an absolutely-apparently-good or pleasant would be an 9 I, 15| be "a note easy to hear". Abstract, then, "a body "and" a note", 10 I, 15| peculiar in each case be abstracted, the same expression ought 11 VIII, 11| the questioner and becomes abusive as well: when people lose 12 I, 4 | genus or a peculiarity or an accident-for the differentia too, applying 13 IV, 2 | genus and the differentia accompany the species, as long as 14 VIII, 6 | be held to be personally accountable for what happens to him, 15 II, 11| any addition is generally accounted to be honourable or dishonourable 16 VI, 14| definition as a whole for lack of acquaintance with the whole, one should 17 VIII, 14| lightly to engage with casual acquaintances, or bad argument is sure 18 III, 2 | the case: for things whose acquisition or generation is more desirable 19 II, 9 | just", of a man or an act, "justly". Clearly, then, 20 III, 3 | inflexions and uses and actions and works, and judge these 21 I, 15| tell us, whereas a sharp (acute) angle is one that is less 22 VIII, 12| the case of reductiones ad impossibile: (3) when it 23 V, 2 | of a liquid to be a "body adaptable to every shape" has rendered 24 I, 18| the actual facts and not addressed merely to the term used. 25 V, 2 | possible to conceive it more adequately, e.g. any one who has stated 26 VI, 13| good, but if they are both administered in a mixture, bad.~Again, 27 VIII, 6 | rejected, the answerer, while admitting that if it be granted the 28 I, 5 | is the better: for if he adopts the first, any one is bound, 29 VIII, 1 | them is more obvious in advance.~One should also, wherever 30 IV, 5 | affection into that which is affected, as its genus, e.g. those 31 V, 6 | to be a property of the affirmative subject it would be a property 32 VII, 5 | to overthrow, because it affords the least material: for 33 III, 1 | while between a productive agent and an end we can decide 34 III, 1 | Moreover, of two productive agents that one is more desirable 35 III, 6 | which there is most general agreement is so. Moreover, you should 36 IV, 6 | species. Hence Unity, inter alia, will be a species of Being. 37 VI, 5 | accident: for it is absolutely alien to medicine to produce disease. 38 VI, 4 | under perception most of all-more than a plane-and a plane 39 VIII, 10| is directed to the time allowed for discussion: for some 40 | almost 41 VIII, 1 | Rather one should soar as far aloof from them as possible. Thus 42 II, 4 | Moreover, it is well to alter a term into one more familiar, 43 VI, 11| clearly, the term to be altered would also be that denoting 44 VIII, 1 | their proper order, but alternately those that conduce to one 45 I, 7 | rendered in reference to an alternative name or definition, as when 46 VIII, 2 | it, because if the thing alters, he has lost knowledge of 47 | amongst 48 III, 5 | comparative degrees and amounts ought to be taken in the 49 V, 8 | former point is secured by analogy, not from reflection on 50 VII, 2 | other characters already announced.~ 51 VI, 4 | prior to, the species. For annul the genus and differentia, 52 VIII, 2 | of this sort are easily answered by a Yes or a No. Hence 53 VIII, 4 | regard to the giving of answers, we must first define what 54 I, 11| contradiction is impossible, as Antisthenes said; or the view of Heraclitus 55 VIII, 13| the contrary terms of an antithesis, e.g. that the same thing 56 VIII, 1 | he may possibly be even anxious to secure axioms as familiar 57 V, 1 | other hand he render one apiece of two attributes to each 58 VIII, 11| contentious inference: an aporeme is an inference that reasons 59 VIII, 6 | accepted, in order to avoid the appearance of being a simpleton. If 60 IV, 5 | feels pain, the pain bas appeared in him earlier than the 61 I, 7 | best seen where one form of appellation is substituted for another. 62 VI, 1 | object in its genus, and then append its differences: for of 63 V, 3 | he is rendering, and then appends the rest: for then the property 64 I, 15| same meaning in all its applications: for a sharp note is a swift 65 III, 2 | than the easier: for we appreciate better the possession of 66 I, 2 | belongs properly, or most appropriately, to dialectic: for dialectic 67 V, 3 | property of the kind whose appropriateness is not obvious except by 68 VI, 4 | most surely win a general approval if the definer happens to 69 VI, 6 | will still be a and not an aquatic-animal. But all the same, if ever 70 I, 14| propositions and problems there are-to comprehend the matter in 71 VIII, 3 | line which it cuts and the area; whereas if the definition 72 VII, 1 | respect. Thus Xenocrates argues that the happy life and 73 VIII, 14| from your exercises in argumentation you should try to carry 74 VI, 2 | defined it in any sense aright.~Another rule is, See if 75 I, 15| look at the definition that arises from the use of the term 76 V, 1 | necessity the questions arising are either two or four, 77 VIII, 1 | point: for insistence always arouses the more opposition. Further, 78 VII, 3 | who engage in discussion arrive at a definition by reasoning: 79 VIII, 3 | while the latter have to be arrived at through many steps if 80 II, 5 | means of the view laid down, arrives at a certain statement and 81 II, 3 | view, and leave the rest aside. We must deal also in these 82 I, 5 | follow that if something is asleep it is a man.~A "genus" is 83 VI, 14| Moreover, just as in the assemblies the ordinary practice is 84 VIII, 5 | on the other hand, in an assembly of disputants discussing 85 VIII, 7 | encounter some difficulty from assenting to questions that are not 86 II, 2 | colour is its genus. The assertor may of course define it 87 I, 6 | practically been already assigned to their several branches.~ 88 II, 2 | anything untrue has been assumed as true in the definitions. 89 VI, 3 | definition of the soul, assuming it to be stated as a "self-moving 90 II, 6 | you to discuss it on the assumption that he meant that it happens 91 I, 1 | conducts his reasoning upon assumptions which, though appropriate 92 VIII, 3 | premisses that are better assured, he had better refuse. In 93 VIII, 14| stated, and after a few attempts we shall know several arguments 94 IV, 5 | people state any kind of attendant feature as the genus, e.g. " 95 IV, 5 | within the "capacity" that attends it, e.g. by defining "good 96 VIII, 3 | do, nor do they pay any attention if the questioner makes 97 VII, 5 | contained in the definition is attributable. Moreover, in establishing 98 I, 14| some generally accepted authority.~Of propositions and problems 99 VIII, 12| but only when he is not aware of it: for we often accept 100 VIII, 1 | be even anxious to secure axioms as familiar and as near 101 V, 2 | such people are thought to babble. Repetition of the same 102 VIII, 2 | in the one case he merely babbles, in the other he fails to 103 II, 11| than another, but always of badness. This rule is not convertible, 104 VII, 3 | accordingly we need only make the bare statement that to reason 105 VII, 5 | impossible to use one set as a basis of attack upon the other 106 VIII, 14| order to seem not to be beaten, it is indeed fair to try 107 V, 6 | Thus (e.g.) inasmuch as "beautifully" is not a property of "justly", 108 | begin 109 VIII, 3 | is impossible unless one begins with the appropriate principles, 110 VI, 10| productively of health’ and a "benefactor" a "producer of health"?~ 111 VI, 10| productive of health", does "beneficially" mean productively of health’ 112 VI, 9 | the man who is pleased is benefited. Speaking generally, in 113 VIII, 5 | as we have no tradition bequeathed to us by others, let us 114 | beyond 115 I, 7 | accidental feature; so we bid him call to us "the man 116 VI, 6 | defining privations. For "blind" means a thing which cannot 117 VI, 12| with fire": for what is bodiless cannot be mingled with body, 118 VI, 2 | poison-fanged’, or the marrow as "boneformed". For an unusual phrase 119 III, 1 | feature of the sinews and bones, while beauty is generally 120 I, 11| The subjects should not border too closely upon the sphere 121 VII, 1 | justly" is the same as "bravely". Likewise, too, in the 122 VI, 13| justice be temperance and bravery, then injustice will be 123 VII, 1 | Peloponnesians and Spartans are the bravest of the Greeks, that Peloponnesians 124 VIII, 2 | not taking him to task or breaking off the discussion.~ 125 V, 3 | property of the sun to be "the brightest star that moves over the 126 VI, 2 | Plato describes the eye as "brow-shaded", or a certain spider as 127 IV, 4 | destruction; if (e.g.) to build be to be active, then to 128 II, 4 | being fussy" for "being busy": for when the expression 129 III, 2 | resemblance be that of a caricature, like the resemblance of 130 VI, 6 | higher than this, as "biped" carries with it either "flying" 131 VIII, 14| supply of arguments for carrying a point by sheer force, 132 VI, 7 | opposite is not pleasant to the cars’: clearly, then, "not pleasant 133 I, 9 | always be in one of these categories: for all the propositions 134 VI, 1 | observed all the aforesaid cautions, he has yet failed to define 135 VIII, 1 | at the same time they are cautious about upsetting such things 136 V, 3 | the subject but sometimes ceases to be its property: for 137 VI, 6 | possibly in this case the censure is undeserved; for "aquatic" 138 VI, 8 | experience of pleasure to its cessation, so that they would count 139 VIII, 11| something through a long chain of steps, when he might 140 VI, 11| that ought to have been changed, seeing that it is the less 141 I, 12| and likewise the skilled charioteer, then in general the skilled 142 VIII, 2 | deemed valid. If, however, he checks the series of questions 143 II, 6 | joy and delight and good cheer: for all these are names 144 II, 6 | accidental attribute of cheerfulness, he would be declaring it 145 VI, 14| it is always one of the chief elementary principles to 146 VIII, 12| that are false and utterly childish, the argument is worse than 147 VI, 9 | of inanimate things or of children as "erring". "Error", then, 148 VIII, 1 | as in Homer and not as in Choerilus; for then the proposition 149 VI, 8 | for this is our purpose in choosing what is pleasant as well.~ 150 VIII, 3 | nature of a line or of a circle, be laid down; only the 151 VIII, 1 | you want they finally talk clap-trap to the effect that the conclusion 152 VI, 6 | also of knowledge. This is classed as speculative, practical 153 VIII, 14| because he has his premisses classified before his mind’s eye, each 154 II, 2 | the point at issue is not cleared up, whereas if for one of 155 VI, 1 | definition ought to be the very clearest possible, seeing that the 156 VI, 8 | movement of the earth’, or a cloud as "condensation of the 157 VIII, 2 | therefore, to try oneself to coin a word to cover all things 158 V, 5 | property of them taken as a collective whole: for then what has 159 II, 2 | happens (accidit) to be a colour-for being a colour does not 160 VI, 14| definition of the same thing.~In combating definitions it is always 161 V, 4 | and another thing when combined with its accident, saying, 162 V, 1 | spirit, in that the former commands, while the latter obeys: 163 II, 4 | easier to attack people when committed to a definition: for an 164 V, 6 | taken by themselves. This common-place rule is useful only for 165 IV, 5 | sensation" as "movement communicated through the body": for sensation 166 I, 15| For synonyms are always comparable; for they will always be 167 III, 5 | commonplace rules relating to comparative degrees and amounts ought 168 VIII, 12| propositions secured are such as compel the conclusion, and the 169 III, 1 | contributes to prudence. Also the competent is more desirable than the 170 VIII, 10| solution of the argument completely. Any one who knows that 171 I, 14| and problems there are-to comprehend the matter in outline-three 172 I, 1 | persons with little power of comprehension. So then, of the contentious 173 VII, 3 | while the other tends to compress it. So that if contrary 174 I, 15| sight-piercing" and "sight compressing", whereas "colour" in melodies 175 VI, 3 | definition of desire becomes "conation-for-the-pleasant": for the word "desire" 176 VI, 8 | Moreover, in the case of conations, and in any other cases 177 VIII, 1 | to get information by a concealed method should so put his 178 VIII, 11| reasoning? Simply in that it conceals the ground on which the 179 II, 5 | argument has refused to concede something, or whether he ( 180 V, 2 | case it will be possible to conceive it more adequately, e.g. 181 IV, 6 | is both in pain and also conceives that he is slighted. The 182 VIII, 3 | that of these mathematical conceptions.~One may be sure then, whenever 183 VI, 6 | another. Hence, too, people condemn those who divide animals 184 VI, 8 | the earth’, or a cloud as "condensation of the air", or a wind as 185 II, 1 | for something to be true conditionally and not universally. Names 186 II, 4 | what it is whose reality conditions the reality of the thing 187 I, 1 | illustrious of them-but he conducts his reasoning upon assumptions 188 VIII, 1 | they say "Yes" readily, confident in their own character, 189 I, 11| eminent philosopher that conflicts with the general opinion; 190 V, 2 | for the repetition of it confuses the hearer; thus inevitably 191 II, 5 | a rule, it increases the confusion of questioners if, after 192 II, 5 | the answerer’s luck to be confuted on a mere side issue You 193 VI, 10| sustained by nutriment, congenitally present with it": for this 194 II, 7 | then, that the modes of conjunction are six is clear: for either ( 195 II, 3 | end, or as accidentally connected with it; or again that it 196 VIII, 3 | appropriate principles, and connects inference with inference 197 II, 9 | man or thing, and "justly" connote something praiseworthy. 198 VII, 5 | definition, is obvious from considerations presently to be urged. For 199 III, 1 | fact in all the primary constituents of an animal, whereas the 200 II, 9 | constitutional" of a "vigorous constitution" and so forth also in other 201 II, 9 | health" and a "vigorous constitutional" of a "vigorous constitution" 202 VIII, 1 | proposition is going to be constructed-and as many of them as possible. 203 IV, 4 | relationships fail to yield a like construction when converted, as do "double" 204 IV, 4 | then, in any cases the constructions after conversion be not 205 V, 2 | distinguish. In the case contemplated, therefore, the property 206 VI, 3 | definition is a certain type of contemplation, so that by adding the words " 207 VI, 10| apply to them all, were to contend not that the term is ambiguous, 208 VIII, 11| their argument becomes a contest, not a discussion. Moreover, 209 VIII, 11| in view, except with mere contestants, for these cannot both reach 210 IV, 2 | the genus rendered, and so continually at the next higher genus, 211 V, 8 | perish the description will continue in being none the less; 212 V, 3 | the sun sets, whether it continues to move over the earth, 213 VIII, 3 | if one wishes to secure a continuous proof from first principles, 214 I, 10| also propositions which contradict the contraries of opinions 215 I, 10| Likewise, also, propositions contradicting the contraries of general 216 I, 12| forcible and effective against contradictious people.~ 217 VI, 6 | Or see if, though the contrasted differentia exists, it yet 218 VIII, 14| to secure. Moreover, as contributing to knowledge and to philosophic 219 VIII, 1 | conceal the conclusion serve a controversial purpose only; but inasmuch 220 VI, 6 | as do those who define "contumely" as "insolence accompanied 221 VI, 3 | cases is to be guided by convenience. Thus (e.g.) it is said 222 I, 7 | who is sitting" or "who is conversing over there"-clearly supposing 223 VI, 2 | of the term he intends to convey. Likewise also, if the term 224 I, 2 | ground not of other people’s convictions but of their own, while 225 VIII, 2 | that is not his own, and a cook may have a foot that is 226 VI, 3 | those fail who say that "cooling" is "the privation of natural 227 VIII, 1 | observation as he adds in a corner what, if he formulated it 228 VIII, 11| more fully itself when its correlate is more fully itself": and " 229 VII, 3 | definitions are bound to correspond in either case. Thus if 230 VI, 13| product of these ought to have corresponded to this excess, and to be 231 I, 2 | useful because when we have counted up the opinions held by 232 VIII, 8 | negative instance or some counter-argument to bring against it, clearly 233 II, 7 | evil to enemies: for both courses are desirable and belong 234 VIII, 2 | oneself to coin a word to cover all things of the given 235 VI, 8 | Likewise, also, in defining the covetous man the quantity of money 236 VI, 13| one be temperate and yet a coward, and the other, though brave, 237 VI, 10| his definitions of living creatures: for the Idea (e.g. the 238 VIII, 3 | giving the original thesis credence on the strength of what 239 I, 18| cases, we shall get the credit of defining not inappropriately. 240 I, 15| definitions as well ambiguity creeps in unawares, and for this 241 VI, 13| these two things, the same criticisms will apply as have already 242 I, 4 | terminology which is generally current about these things, and 243 I, 15| right angle, while a sharp dagger is one containing a sharp 244 VIII, 14| conceal your procedure as darkly as you can: this kind of 245 IV, 4 | are both alike used with a dative. If, then, in any cases 246 IV, 4 | inflexions they take, e.g. datives and genitives and all the 247 V, 6 | predicated as a property of "deafness" to be a "lack of sensation", 248 VI, 6 | and by the science that deals specially with that thing".~ 249 II, 10| neither was the former that dealt with a single thing, viz. 250 III, 4 | other "not by nature": for dearly what is good by nature is 251 VIII, 1 | co-ordinates; for people deceive themselves, whenever the 252 III, 1 | agent and an end we can decide by a proportional sum whenever 253 II, 6 | be necessary: for then he declares it to belong universally 254 II, 6 | cheerfulness, he would be declaring it to be an accidental attribute 255 IV, 2 | partake either of increase or decrease or of the other kinds of 256 VIII, 14| secure from those skilled in deduction their premisses, from inductive 257 VIII, 14| against a young man, in deductive against an expert. You should 258 VIII, 2 | objection to the proposition be deemed valid. If, however, he checks 259 VIII, 5 | again, the answerer be defending some one else’s opinion, 260 VI, 8 | One should always attack deficiency. For a movement of the earth 261 I, 18| defining not inappropriately. Definition-mongers too nearly always render 262 VIII, 14| any argument is bound to degenerate. For against any one who 263 III, 2 | the better type shows a degrading likeness, whereas the one 264 II, 2 | For if it be "to injure deliberately", clearly it is not possible 265 II, 6 | divide pleasures into joy and delight and good cheer: for all 266 IV, 4 | the genus of these terms, demands not "to" but "than": for 267 VIII, 5 | man who reasons correctly demonstrates his proposed conclusion 268 VIII, 2 | per impossibile, if one is demonstrating and not arguing dialectically 269 VI, 4 | intelligible, as is done in demonstrations (for so it is with all teaching 270 VIII, 11| proof. A philosopheme is a demonstrative inference: an epichireme 271 I, 15| the genera of the objects denoted by the same term, and see 272 VI, 9 | privation and what it is that is deprived.~Examine further whether 273 I, 1 | mentioned, the former really deserves to be called "reasoning" 274 II, 7 | friendship is in the faculty of desire-then hatred could not follow 275 I, 15| to health", we must not desist but go on to examine in 276 VIII, 14| answerers frequently give up in despair. Moreover, get a good stock 277 III, 2 | more handsome creature, despite its nearer resemblance to 278 III, 6 | destruction. For if anything that destroys pleasure or knowledge be 279 II, 11| also, it is possible for a destructible thing to escape destruction 280 VII, 3 | essence decomposed, and "destructively" means "in such a way as 281 VIII, 1 | for in the multitude of details the whereabouts of the fallacy 282 VIII, 13| be shown: this is easily detected when put in so many words; 283 VI, 3 | case it is difficult to determine clearly: the right way to 284 VIII, 4 | the questioner is so to develop the argument as to make 285 II, 6 | purposes.~Moreover, you may devise a line of attack by reinterpreting 286 VI, 5 | knowledge how to write from dictation": for he ought also to say 287 II, 1 | transgression of the established diction. For those who make false 288 II, 11| to follow see and such a diet, e.g. in infected areas, 289 II, 3 | producing health and of dieting; or they may be both of 290 I, 15| differentia; for one note is differentiated from another by being "clear".~ 291 VI, 10| moreover, what happens to Dionysius’ definition of "life" when 292 VI, 6 | strigil can also be used to dip up water. Still, if any 293 VI, 6 | strigil as an instrument for dipping water, he has made a mistake: 294 I, 18| and the questioner are not directing their minds upon the same 295 I, 18| which of them the former directs his mind when he makes his 296 VI, 14| were) before one’s eyes, to discern both any shortcoming in 297 VIII, 1 | conclusion is less easily discerned at the greater distance 298 VIII, 14| philosophic wisdom the power of discerning and holding in one view 299 II, 5 | it appears to be wholly disconnected from, and foreign to, the 300 VIII, 3 | reason is that we have yet to discover in the first place just 301 I, 18| clear: for when we have discovered a difference of any kind 302 VIII, 14| both pro and con: and on discovering it at once set about looking 303 VI, 11| So that this will either discredit the definition or prove 304 VI, 10| are absolutely bound to be discrepant: for those who assert the 305 VIII, 14| co-ordinates.~Records of discussions should be made in a universal 306 II, 11| accounted to be honourable or dishonourable or anything else of that 307 II, 6 | without any distinction that disinherited persons are bad, you may 308 VIII, 14| for by a right liking or disliking for whatever is proposed 309 VIII, 14| using universals.~You should display your training in inductive 310 I, 15| a difference is at once displayed even in the names; e.g. 311 IV, 4 | capable of something is to be disposed to it, and if the use of 312 VIII, 5 | hand, in an assembly of disputants discussing in the spirit 313 VIII, 2 | not alike, and the other disputing the likeness of things that 314 VI, 10| are applicable to them two distinct definitions in explanation 315 VI, 13| if the one thing is more distinctly good than the other is evil, 316 VI, 5 | that produces equality" or "distributes what is equal": for by defining 317 IV, 6 | always follows a "calm" and "divisibility" follows "number", but not 318 II, 3 | e.g. the desire of being doctored), or as a thing desired 319 III, 1 | desirable which most, or all, doctors would choose; or, in general, 320 VIII, 1 | leave it as far as possible doubtful whether he wishes to secure 321 I, 1 | semicircles wrongly or by drawing certain lines in a way in 322 VI, 13| honey and the water, or the "drink made of honey and water". 323 I, 15| none; e.g. the pleasure of drinking has a contrary in the pain 324 VI, 13| health or sickness; for some drugs are such that each taken 325 VIII, 2 | connexion people often throw dust in each others’ eyes in 326 VIII, 1 | points which they are most eager to secure. On the other 327 II, 4 | e.g. that there will be an eclipse), whereas it is impossible 328 I, 15| while in the case of a solid edge it is "dull". Clearly, then, 329 I, 15| regard to flavours and solid edges: here in the latter case 330 V, 8 | though fire perish, there eh re will still be some form 331 III, 2 | passions than are their elders.~Also, that is more desirable 332 VI, 3 | if the word "number" be eliminated. Which of the two is the 333 | elsewhere 334 I, 11| is a supposition of some eminent philosopher that conflicts 335 I, 14| into ourselves, not by an emission"; for so it is, too, in 336 I, 14| into ourselves; we do not emit; and we taste in the same 337 I, 7 | that the likeness is more emphatic: that is why we do not distinguish 338 IV, 5 | his anger, so that anger emphatically is not pain. By the same 339 VIII, 7 | understand it; for often people encounter some difficulty from assenting 340 VIII, 2 | or a No. Hence one should endeavour to formulate propositions 341 VIII, 14| to ten at one’s fingers’ ends-and indeed it makes a great 342 VIII, 3 | it is essential not to enhance the difficulty of the problem, 343 I, 18| and also with a view to ensuring that our reasonings shall 344 IV, 5 | accidental feature or affection enters into this one as it is. 345 VIII, 14| applies in Rhetoric as well to enthymemes. For yourself, however, 346 III, 6 | nor yet a movement, by enumerating how many species there are 347 I, 4 | mean that each of these enunciated by itself constitutes a 348 VIII, 11| demonstrative inference: an epichireme is a dialectical inference: 349 VI, 3 | be added as well, e.g. "Equity is a remission of what is 350 III, 1 | health by a smaller amount; ergo, the excess of what produces 351 VI, 9 | things or of children as "erring". "Error", then, is not 352 II, 3 | also are required for the establishment of our case: whereas if 353 I, 11| come to be" so, or being so eternally. For even if a man does 354 VIII, 1 | also a questioner sometimes evades observation as he adds in 355 IV, 5 | say that immortality is everlasting life: for immortality seems 356 VIII, 14| ourselves from matters of everyday experience.~ ~ ~ 357 I, 18| to bring the universal in evidence: for it is not easy to do 358 VI, 2 | stated by itself, it is not evident what it defines: just as 359 I, 14| attained through induction, examining them in the light of the 360 VI, 12| the essence contains par excellence what is best in anything, 361 VI, 4 | others require an exact and exceptional understanding.~Absolutely, 362 VI, 11| by something else he has exchanged the genus and not the differentia, 363 VIII, 14| general, too, from your exercises in argumentation you should 364 VII, 1 | for clearly if the air be exhausted, the vessel will not be 365 VI, 6 | health will be necessarily exhibited by the hot and cold elements: 366 I, 5 | essence of a number of things exhibiting differences in kind. We 367 VI, 4 | intelligible terms is the exhibition of the prior through the 368 VIII, 1 | Moreover, it is well to expand the argument and insert 369 III, 3 | view to what ends, e.g. expediency or honour or pleasure. For 370 VIII, 14| in deductive against an expert. You should try, moreover, 371 III, 1 | choice as such, or by the experts in regard to any particular 372 VII, 5 | this case as well, as was explained in the case of the definition. 373 VIII, 2 | distinctions or divisions before expressing them, e.g. "Good means this, 374 V, 5 | So he errs if he has not expressly distinguished the property 375 VI, 2 | make its meaning to some extent clear because of the likeness 376 II, 1 | element "accident" is an extremely precarious thing; for in 377 VIII, 4 | answerer utter the most extrvagant paradoxes that necessarily 378 VIII, 5 | down by the answerer before facing the questioner’s argument 379 I, 18| accordance with the actual facts and not addressed merely 380 I, 3 | rhetoric and medicine and faculties of that kind: this means 381 II, 6 | or if a usual event (or, failing such an event itself, its 382 VIII, 10| argument may contain many falsehoods, e.g. suppose some one to 383 I, 14| of them by means of the familiarity attained through induction, 384 I, 7 | things seem to be of one family and to resemble one another. 385 V, 2 | render a property after this fashion should be somehow refuted 386 IV, 5 | justice" as "control of fears" and of "gains": for the 387 VI, 14| both any shortcoming in any features that the definition ought 388 IV, 5 | For when the angry man feels pain, the pain bas appeared 389 IV, 3 | species of disease, e.g. fever and ophthalmia and any other 390 V, 8 | property of what is more fiery. In the same way too one 391 VIII, 1 | most of what you want they finally talk clap-trap to the effect 392 VI, 10| in several senses, and, finding that his definition does 393 III, 5 | standard, then clearly the first-named thing exhibits that character 394 VI, 10| the definition will not fit the Idea. So always wherever 395 IV, 1 | Accident, and see whether it fits the genus mentioned, as ( 396 V, 1 | body, viz. that the one is fitted to command, and the other 397 I, 15| garment, and a "sharp" flavour and a "sharp" note. For 398 I, 15| and "dull" in regard to flavours and solid edges: here in 399 VI, 3 | equivalent of the words "conation for-the-pleasant", so that both alike will 400 VIII, 14| carrying a point by sheer force, and in refutation also 401 I, 12| though reasoning is more forcible and effective against contradictious 402 I, 5 | though it is none of the foregoing-i.e. neither a definition 403 II, 5 | wholly disconnected from, and foreign to, the art of dialectic. 404 VII, 1 | absolutely the same, their formations and destructions also are 405 I, 17| to different genera, the formulae being ‘A:B = C:D" (e.g. 406 VIII, 2 | be done not only when he formulates an objection, but also if, 407 VIII, 1 | admission by induction, by formulating a proposition to that effect 408 VIII, 4 | 4~As to the formulation, then, and arrangement of 409 VIII, 2 | to which no objection is forthcoming.~Whenever it is possible 410 VIII, 10| against his questions. The fourth and worst kind of objection 411 VI, 1 | appropriate genus (for the framer of a definition should first 412 III, 2 | greater consequence; e.g. freedom from pain in old age more 413 VIII, 14| questions which are of most frequent occurrence, and particularly 414 VIII, 14| discussing these answerers frequently give up in despair. Moreover, 415 III, 2 | like rather to do to our friend are more desirable than 416 IV, 5 | people tell you that snow is "frozen water" and mud is earth 417 V, 5 | too should be truer is not fulfilled. Moreover, in addition to 418 VIII, 14| a very small stock will furnish us with arguments serviceable 419 IV, 2 | mix dry things does not fuse them), nor is locomotion 420 II, 4 | a conception, and "being fussy" for "being busy": for when 421 VI, 4 | through its opposite, e.g.i. good through evil: for opposites 422 IV, 5 | control of fears" and of "gains": for the terms "courageous" 423 I, 15| white) sound and a "clear" garment, and a "sharp" flavour and 424 IV, 4 | tends to produce, then to be generated is to be produced, and generation 425 I, 7 | numerically or specifically or generically-numerically in cases where there is 426 II, 11| nature, e.g. they may be generous or temperately inclined, 427 IV, 4 | they take, e.g. datives and genitives and all the rest. For as 428 III, 2 | that people may think us geniuses.~Moreover, that is more 429 VIII, 11| than anything else": "there genuinely exists an object of opinion 430 IV, 2 | disputed whether it belongs as genus-it is enough to show that one 431 VIII, 11| geometrician should reason geometrically, whether his conclusion 432 V, 2 | correctly. For the object of getting a property constituted is 433 II, 7 | our proof will merely have gone to this point, that it is 434 II, 11| thing added will be white or good-it will possess the character 435 IV, 5 | terms "courageous" and "good-tempered" are applied to a man who 436 VII, 1 | Spartans are the bravest of the Greeks, that Peloponnesians are 437 I, 15| the case of colours have "grey" as an intermediate, whereas 438 II, 2 | begin with the most primary groups, and then proceed in order 439 II, 4 | being nourished of necessity grows: for animals are always 440 III, 2 | man chooses the young to guide him, because he does not 441 VI, 3 | matter in all cases is to be guided by convenience. Thus (e.g.) 442 V, 1 | particular man of walking in the gymnasium.~[The rendering of a property " 443 III, 1 | health is more desirable than gymnastics: for the former is desired 444 VI, 4 | a number divisible into halves"", or ""the good" is a " 445 I, 14| select also from the written handbooks of argument, and should 446 VI, 14| part of it clear and get a handle for attack, and then proceed 447 III, 2 | the monkey is not the more handsome creature, despite its nearer 448 II, 3 | the equilateral triangle happening to be a triangle that we 449 VIII, 2 | and the man shakes his head, it looks as if the reasoning 450 I, 14| them down under separate headings, e.g. "On Good", or "On 451 VIII, 14| moreover, to master the heads under which other arguments 452 I, 3 | persuade, or the doctor to heal; still, if he omits none 453 V, 2 | repetition of it confuses the hearer; thus inevitably the meaning 454 V, 4 | to be "specifically the heaviest body" has rendered of the 455 I, 15| each. Again Barhu ("flat", "heavy") in the case of a note 456 II, 7 | and this is not generally held-I mean that the faculty of 457 | her 458 VIII, 7 | not clear, he ought not to hesitate to say that he does not 459 VIII, 11| principle that a man who hinders the common business is a 460 III, 3 | for disease is a greater hindrance both to pleasure and to 461 VIII, 10| solution: the others are just hindrances and stumbling-blocks to 462 VIII, 14| power of discerning and holding in one view the results 463 VIII, 1 | things that we know, as in Homer and not as in Choerilus; 464 IV, 3 | stated for dealing with homonymity: for the genus and the species 465 II, 6 | the expression "of a good hope" may be taken to mean the 466 II, 6 | taken to mean the man who hopes for good things. Likewise 467 II, 9 | then "unjustly" means "ignorantly" and "unskilfully": whereas 468 II | Book II~ 469 III | Book III~ 470 II, 11| medicines, e.g. when one is ill, but it is not so absolutely. 471 VIII, 8 | likely is he to be thought ill-tempered-although even counter-proof is not 472 I, 1 | generally accepted is the illusion entirely on the surface, 473 VI, 13| been said is most clearly illustrated in the case of things that 474 VIII, 1 | as though it were a mere illustration: for people admit the more 475 VIII, 1 | their own character, and imagining that they cannot suffer 476 VI, 2 | is something produced by imitation, and this is not found in 477 IV, 5 | is meant is an absolute immunity from any passions of that 478 VIII, 1 | who appear to be arguing impartially. It is useful too, to add 479 III, 2 | exercise of courage is more imperatively required. Likewise also 480 II, 6 | literal meaning, with the implication that it is most fitting 481 VIII, 9 | would choose, and which are implicitly opposed to men’s wishes, 482 VI, 6 | e.g. "walking" and "biped" import with them the genus "animal". 483 VI, 6 | each of the differentiae imports its own genus, e.g. "walking" 484 I, 1 | principles of science it is improper to ask any further for the 485 VIII, 14| his question properly or improperly (whether it was yourself 486 III, 2 | which is like the worse type improves upon it: witness the likeness 487 I, 18| the credit of defining not inappropriately. Definition-mongers too 488 I, 15| seeing that the diagonal is incommensurate with the side has none, 489 III, 1 | more desirable than the incompetent. Moreover, of two productive 490 VI, 1 | case than in the former.~Incorrectness falls into two branches: ( 491 II, 11| excess described as an "increased intensity" is found to take 492 II, 5 | view. For, as a rule, it increases the confusion of questioners 493 VIII, 13| considered to be begging independently and by itself what, together 494 VIII, 11| we can.~Inasmuch as it is indeterminate when people are claiming 495 III, 1 | and even though they be in India; whereas in our enemies 496 VI, 14| seen to be better, and more indicative of the object defined, clearly 497 II, 8 | secure them by means of induction-such arguments (e.g.) as that 498 VIII, 1 | kinds; they serve either inductively to secure the universal 499 V, 2 | addition to this, it is inevitable that those who render a 500 V, 2 | confuses the hearer; thus inevitably the meaning becomes obscure,