negrita = Texto principal
Capítulo, Párrafo gris = Texto de comentario
1 Pre, 3 | remitimos a los informes The Gospel and the Church (1972) 4
2 Pre, 3 | informes The Gospel and the Church (1972) 4 y Church
3 Pre (4) | Report of the Joint Lutheran-Roman Catholic
4 Pre (5) | Published by the Lutheran World Federation (
5 Pre, 3 | luterano-católico romano de los EE.UU. y The Condemnations of the Reformation
6 Pre, 3 | y The Condemnations of the Reformation Era - Do They
7 Pre (8) | 1995):99-102; including the position papers which underlie
8 1 (10)| Faith, paras. 122-147. At the request of the US dialogue
9 1 (10)| 122-147. At the request of the US dialogue on justification,
10 1 (10)| dialogue on justification, the non-Pauline New Testament
11 1 (10)| addressed in Righteousness in the New Testament, by John Reumann,
12 1 (10)| York: 1982), pp.124-180. The results of this study were
13 1 (10)| study were summarized in the dialogue report Justification
14 5 (21)| Condemnations of the Reformation Era,27.
15 Anex | One Christ, Statement on the Augsburg Confession by the
16 Anex | the Augsburg Confession by the Roman Catholic/Lutheran
17 Anex | 1984, 241-247.~Commentsof the Joint Committee of the United
18 Anex | Commentsof the Joint Committee of the United Evangelical Lutheran
19 Anex | Lutheran Church of Germany and the LWF German National Committee
20 Anex | National Committee regarding the document "The Condemnations
21 Anex | regarding the document "The Condemnations of the Reformation
22 Anex | document "The Condemnations of the Reformation Era. Do They
23 Anex | Enchiridion Symbolorum ...since the 37th edition (hereafter:
24 Anex | hereafter: DH).~Evaluationof the Pontifical Council for Promoting
25 Anex | Promoting Christian Unity of the Study "Lehrverurteilungen -
26 Anex | aquí en adelante: USA).~The Condemnations of the Reformation
27 Anex | USA).~The Condemnations of the Reformation Era. Do they
28 Anex | Paul and, in a sense, for the Bible as a whole, although
29 Anex | although it is by no means the only biblical or Pauline
30 Anex | Lutherans can acknowledge the need to test the practices,
31 Anex | acknowledge the need to test the practices, structures, and
32 Anex | structures, and theologies of the church by the extent to
33 Anex | theologies of the church by the extent to which they help
34 Anex | which they help or hinder 'the proclamation of God's free
35 Anex | USA, no. 153).Regarding the "fundamental affirmation" (
36 Anex | This affirmation, like the Reformation doctrine of
37 Anex | be ultimately trusted as the one mediator through whom
38 Anex | mediator through whom God in the Holy Spirit pours out his
39 Anex | so function as to foster 'the obedience of faith' (Rom.
40 Anex | Christ Jesus alone through the Holy Spirit, for the salvation
41 Anex | through the Holy Spirit, for the salvation of the faithful
42 Anex | Spirit, for the salvation of the faithful and the praise
43 Anex | salvation of the faithful and the praise and honor of the
44 Anex | the praise and honor of the heavenly Father" (USA, no.
45 Anex | 160).~- "For that reason, the doctrine of justification -
46 Anex | retain a special function in the church. That function is
47 Anex | sinners live solely from the forgiving love of God, which
48 Anex | preconditions or postconditions. The doctrine of justification
49 Anex | justification therefore becomes the touchstone for testing at
50 Anex | relationship to God can claim the name of 'Christian.' At
51 Anex | name of 'Christian.' At the same time, it becomes the
52 Anex | the same time, it becomes the touchstone for the church,
53 Anex | becomes the touchstone for the church, for testing at all
54 Anex | 69).~- "An agreement on the fact that the doctrine of
55 Anex | agreement on the fact that the doctrine of justification
56 Anex | doctrinal component within the whole of our church's teaching,
57 Anex | s teaching, but also as the touchstone for testing the
58 Anex | the touchstone for testing the whole doctrine and practice
59 Anex | fundamental progress in the ecumenical dialogue between
60 Anex | Lutherans and Catholics, the doctrine of justification
61 Anex | has a different status in the hierarchy of truth; but
62 Anex | but both sides agree that the doctrine of justification
63 Anex | its specific function in the fact that it is "the touchstone
64 Anex | in the fact that it is "the touchstone for testing at
65 Anex | relationship to God can claim the name of ‘Christian’. At
66 Anex | name of ‘Christian’. At the same time it becomes the
67 Anex | the same time it becomes the touchstone for the church,
68 Anex | becomes the touchstone for the church, for testing at all
69 Anex | by its Lord" (LV:E 69). The criteriological significance
70 Anex | criteriological significance of the doctrine of justification
71 Anex | justification, which is the free gift of God's grace.
72 Anex | gift of God's grace. Even the beginnings of justification,
73 Anex | response is not a 'work.' The response of faith is itself
74 Anex | itself brought about through the uncoercible word of promise
75 Anex | be 'cooperation' only in the sense that in faith the
76 Anex | the sense that in faith the heart is involved, when
77 Anex | heart is involved, when the Word touches it and creates
78 Anex | Lutheran teaching construes the relation of God to his human
79 Anex | justification with such emphasis on the divine 'monergism' or the
80 Anex | the divine 'monergism' or the sole efficacy of Christ
81 Anex | Christ in such a way, that the person's willing acceptance
82 Anex | role in justification, then the Tridentine canons 4, 5,
83 Anex | justification" (PCPCU 22).~- "The strict emphasis on the passivity
84 Anex | The strict emphasis on the passivity of human beings
85 Anex | justification never meant, on the Lutheran side, to contest
86 Anex | Lutheran side, to contest the full personal participation
87 Anex | exclude any cooperation in the event of justification itself.
88 Anex | itself. Justification is the work of Christ alone, the
89 Anex | the work of Christ alone, the work of grace alone" (VELKD
90 Anex | Catholic doctrine stresses: the creative and renewing character
91 Anex | abolished in its power to divide the sinner from God" (LV:E 49).~- "
92 Anex | from God" (LV:E 49).~- "The Lutheran doctrine has never
93 Anex | doctrine has never understood the 'crediting of Christ's justification'
94 Anex | justification' as without effect on the life of the faithful, because
95 Anex | without effect on the life of the faithful, because Christ'
96 Anex | it promises. Accordingly the Lutheran doctrine understands
97 Anex | Protestant theology stresses: the personal character of grace,
98 Anex | grace, and its link with the Word; nor does it maintain ...
99 Anex | conferred possession) on the part of the human being -
100 Anex | possession) on the part of the human being - something
101 Anex | justification through grace; and on the other hand, Protestant doctrine
102 Anex | understands substantially under the one word 'faith' what Catholic
103 Anex | 1 Cor. 13:13) sums up in the triad of 'faith, hope, and
104 Anex | emphasize that faith in the sense of the first commandment
105 Anex | that faith in the sense of the first commandment always
106 Anex | him and is expressed in the love to the neighbour" (
107 Anex | expressed in the love to the neighbour" (VELKD 89,8--
108 Anex | Lutherans, that nothing prior to the free gift of faith merits
109 Anex | alone" (USA, no. 105).~- "The Reformers ..understood faith
110 Anex | Reformers ..understood faith as the forgiveness and fellowship
111 Anex | with Christ effected by the word of promise itself.
112 Anex | promise itself. This is the ground for the new being,
113 Anex | This is the ground for the new being, through which
114 Anex | new being, through which the flesh is dead to sin and
115 Anex | flesh is dead to sin and the new man or woman in Christ
116 Anex | faith necessarily makes the human being new, the Christian
117 Anex | makes the human being new, the Christian builds his confidence,
118 Anex | understood as 'trust in the promise' (fides promissionis)" (
119 Anex | promissionis)" (LV:E 50). ~- Cf. The Council of Trent, Session
120 Anex | Chap. 7: "Consequently, in the process of justification,
121 Anex | justification, together with the forgiveness of sins a person
122 Anex | grafted, all these infused at the same time: faith, hope and
123 Anex | and charity" (Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, vol.
124 Anex | Protestant interpretation, the faith that clings unconditionally
125 Anex | righteousness before God, so that the renewal of the human being,
126 Anex | so that the renewal of the human being, without which
127 Anex | As Lutherans we maintain the distinction between justification
128 Anex | itself to be at one with the Protestant concern in emphasizing
129 Anex | concern in emphasizing that the renewal of the human being
130 Anex | emphasizing that the renewal of the human being does not 'contribute'
131 Anex | feels compelled to stress the renewal of the human being
132 Anex | to stress the renewal of the human being through justifying
133 Anex | through justifying grace, for the sake of acknowledging God'
134 Anex | LV:E 52f).~- "Insofar as the Catholic doctrine stresses
135 Anex | doctrine stresses that 'the personal character of grace,
136 Anex | grace, and its link with the Word', this renewal ..is
137 Anex | s word itself and that 'the renewal of the human being
138 Anex | and that 'the renewal of the human being does not contribute
139 Anex | fall from time to time into the sins that are those of daily
140 Anex | existence. What is more, the Spirit's action does not
141 Anex | not exempt believers from the lifelong struggle against
142 Anex | Catholic doctrine, remain in the justified, who therefore
143 Anex | forgiveness" (USA, no. 102).~- "The doctrines laid down at Trent
144 Anex | laid down at Trent and by the Reformers are at one in
145 Anex | that original sin, and also the concupiscence that remains,
146 Anex | contradiction to God ..object of the lifelong struggle against
147 Anex | baptism, concupiscence in the person justified no longer
148 Anex | it is 'no longer sin in the real sense'; in Lutheran
149 Anex | controlled sin'" (LV:E 46).~- "The question is how to speak
150 Anex | speak of sin with regard to the justified without limiting
151 Anex | justified without limiting the reality of salvation. While
152 Anex | express this tension with the term 'controlled sin' (peccatum
153 Anex | regnatum) which expresses the teaching of the Christian
154 Anex | expresses the teaching of the Christian as 'being justified
155 Anex | justified and sinner at the same time' (simul iustus
156 Anex | Roman Catholics think the reality of salvation can
157 Anex | be maintained by denying the sinful character of concupiscence.
158 Anex | is reached if LV:E calls the concupiscence that remains
159 Anex | concupiscence that remains in the justified a 'contradiction
160 Anex | reference to Canons 19f. of the Council of Trent VELKD (
161 Anex | 28-36) says as follows: "The ten commandments of course
162 Anex | stated in many places of the confessions. If Canon 20
163 Anex | person ..is bound to keep the commandments of God,' this
164 Anex | on condition of keeping the commandments this applies
165 Anex | applies to us. Concerning the reference of the Canon regarding
166 Anex | Concerning the reference of the Canon regarding the commandments
167 Anex | reference of the Canon regarding the commandments of the church,
168 Anex | regarding the commandments of the church, there is no difference
169 Anex | are only expressions of the commandments of God; otherwise
170 Anex | it would apply to us." ~- The last paragraph is related
171 Anex | factually to 4.3, but emphasizes the 'convicting function' of
172 Anex | convicting function' of the law which is important to
173 Anex | E 53-56; VELKD 90ff)~- "The question is: How can, and
174 Anex | weakness?" (LV:E 53).~- "The foundation and the point
175 Anex | The foundation and the point of departure (of the
176 Anex | the point of departure (of the Reformers)..are: the reliability
177 Anex | of the Reformers)..are: the reliability and sufficiency
178 Anex | sufficiency of God's promise, and the power of Christ's death
179 Anex | resurrection; human weakness, and the threat to faith and salvation
180 Anex | involves" (LV:E 56). ~- The Council of Trent also emphasizes
181 Anex | forgiven, save freely by the divine mercy on account
182 Anex | that we must not doubt "the mercy of God, the merit
183 Anex | doubt "the mercy of God, the merit of Christ and the
184 Anex | the merit of Christ and the power and efficacy of the
185 Anex | the power and efficacy of the sacraments; so it is possible
186 Anex | farther: They urge that the uncertainty should not merely
187 Anex | practically, and personally the objective efficacy of the
188 Anex | the objective efficacy of the absolution pronounced in
189 Anex | absolution pronounced in the sacrament of penance, which
190 Anex | in heaven' (Matt. 16:19), the believer ... would declare
191 Anex | a rock-like assurance on the forgiveness of God uttered
192 Anex | forgiveness of God uttered in the absolution ..that this reliance
193 Anex | subjectively uncertain - that the assurance of forgiveness
194 Anex | another problem, so to speak: the believer should turn his
195 Anex | Catholics can appreciate the Reformer's efforts to ground
196 Anex | efforts to ground faith in the objective reality of Christ'
197 Anex | and to focus believers on the specific word of absolution
198 Anex | mutual condemnation regarding the understanding of the assurance
199 Anex | regarding the understanding of the assurance of salvation "
200 Anex | particularly if we start from the foundation of a biblically
201 Anex | this sense, he cannot at the same time believe that God
202 Anex | Luther's words - faith is the assurance of salvation" (
203 Anex | 56).~- With reference to the concept of faith of Vatican
204 Anex | Divine Revelation, no. 5: "'The obedience of faith' ...
205 Anex | freely to God, offering 'the full submission of intellect
206 Anex | and freely assenting to the truth revealed by Him".~- "
207 Anex | truth revealed by Him".~- "The Lutheran distinction between
208 Anex | Lutheran distinction between the certitude (certitudo) of
209 Anex | securitas), which is based on the human being, has not been
210 Anex | dealt with clearly enough in the LV. ... Faith never reflects
211 Anex | 66ff, VELKD 90ff)~- "But the Council excludes the possibility
212 Anex | But the Council excludes the possibility of earning grace -
213 Anex | can. 2; DS 1552) and bases the earning or merit of eternal
214 Anex | merit of eternal life on the gift of grace itself, through
215 Anex | merits' as a gift. Although the Reformers attack 'Godless
216 Anex | trust' in one's own works, the Council explicitly excludes
217 Anex | It is evident ...that the Council wishes to establish
218 Anex | Augustine, who introduced the concept of merit, in order
219 Anex | merit, in order to express the responsibility of human
220 Anex | human beings, in spite of the 'bestowed' character of
221 Anex | 66). ~- If we understand the language of "cause" in Canon
222 Anex | is done in chapter 16 of the Decree on Justification,
223 Anex | on Justification, where the idea of communion with Christ
224 Anex | emphasized, then we can describe the Catholic doctrine on merit
225 Anex | on merit as it is done in the first sentence of the second
226 Anex | in the first sentence of the second paragraph of 4.7:
227 Anex | antitheses could be overcome if the misleading word 'merit'
228 Anex | about in connection with the true sense of the biblical
229 Anex | connection with the true sense of the biblical term 'wage' or
230 Anex | or reward" (LV:E 67).~- "The Lutheran confessions stress
231 Anex | confessions stress that the justified person is responsible
232 Anex | responsible not to lose the grace received but to live
233 Anex | but to live in it ... Thus the confessions can speak of
234 Anex | Canon 24 is understood in the sense that it effects human
235 Anex | righteousness' in Canon 24 refers to the Christian's acceptance by
236 Anex | perfect; compared with it the works of Christians are
237 Anex | Concerning Canon 26 we refer to the Apology where eternal life
238 Anex | our merits but because of the promise'" (VELKD 94,20-24).~
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