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     Liber, Caput          grey = Comment text

1001     Int,      IV     |     conjecturing at least a portion of the contents of the lost prooemium
1002     Int,      IV     |             portion of the contents of the lost prooemium to the Catulus.
1003     Int,      IV     |               of the lost prooemium to the Catulus. The achievements
1004     Int,      IV     |              prooemium to the Catulus. The achievements of the elder
1005     Int,      IV     |           Catulus. The achievements of the elder Catulus were probably
1006     Int,      IV     |              well as those of his son. The philosophical knowledge
1007     Int,      IV     |             philosophical knowledge of the elder man was made to cast
1008     Int,      IV     |             made to cast its lustre on the younger. Cicero's glorious
1009     Int,      IV     |             great stress was laid upon the patronage it received from
1010     Int,      IV     |                from so famous a man as the younger Catulus, whose praises
1011     Int,      IV     |             whose praises were sung in the fervid language which Cicero
1012     Int,      IV     |               which Cicero lavishes on the same theme elsewhere. Some
1013     Int,      IV     |                most likely was made to the connection of Archias with
1014     Int,      IV     |             connection of Archias with the Catuli, and to the poem
1015     Int,      IV     |                with the Catuli, and to the poem he had written in Cicero'
1016     Int,      IV     |               in Cicero's honour. Then the occasion of the dialogue,
1017     Int,      IV     |           honour. Then the occasion of the dialogue, its supposed date,
1018     Int,      IV     |                 its supposed date, and the place where it was held,
1019     Int,      IV     |              was held, were indicated. The place was the Cuman villa
1020     Int,      IV     |               indicated. The place was the Cuman villa of Catulus226.
1021     Int,      IV     |             Cuman villa of Catulus226. The feigned date must fall between
1022     Int,      IV     |         feigned date must fall between the year 60 B.C. in which Catulus
1023     Int,      IV     |            which Catulus died, and 63, the year of Cicero's consulship,
1024     Int,      IV     |                 which is alluded to in the Lucullus227. It is well
1025     Int,      IV     |               It is well known that in the arrangement of his dialogues
1026     Int,      IV     |       precaution against anachronisms.~The prooemium ended, the dialogue
1027     Int,      IV     |     anachronisms.~The prooemium ended, the dialogue commenced. Allusion
1028     Int,      IV     |                was undoubtedly made to the Hortensius, in which the
1029     Int,      IV     |               the Hortensius, in which the same speakers had been engaged;
1030     Int,      IV     |           proposal was made to discuss the great difference between
1031     Int,      IV     |               great difference between the dogmatic and sceptic schools.
1032     Int,      IV     |            give his father's views, at the same time commending his
1033     Int,      IV     |                to construct in outline the speech of Catulus from indications
1034     Int,      IV     |            from indications offered by the Lucullus, it is necessary
1035     Int,      IV     |               is necessary to speak of the character and philosophical
1036     Int,      IV     |      philosophical opinions of Catulus the elder.~In the many passages
1037     Int,      IV     |               of Catulus the elder.~In the many passages where Cicero
1038     Int,      IV     |       philosophy. He was, says Cicero, the kindest, the most upright,
1039     Int,      IV     |              says Cicero, the kindest, the most upright, the wisest,
1040     Int,      IV     |             kindest, the most upright, the wisest, the holiest of men228.
1041     Int,      IV     |              most upright, the wisest, the holiest of men228. He was
1042     Int,      IV     |              It is easy to gather from the De Oratore, in which he
1043     Int,      IV     |            accomplishments. Throughout the second and third books he
1044     Int,      IV     |           third books he is treated as the lettered man, par excellence,
1045     Int,      IV     |                man, par excellence, of the company230. Appeal is made
1046     Int,      IV     |              admiration231. He defends the Greeks from the attacks
1047     Int,      IV     |                defends the Greeks from the attacks of Crassus232. He
1048     Int,      IV     |               contemptuously contrasts the Latin historians with the
1049     Int,      IV     |              the Latin historians with the Greek233. He depreciates
1050     Int,      IV     |               Greek233. He depreciates the later Greek rhetorical teaching,
1051     Int,      IV     |             xlix] high commendation on the early sophists234. The systematic
1052     Int,      IV     |              on the early sophists234. The systematic rhetoric of Aristotle
1053     Int,      IV     |             account is given by him of the history of Greek speculation
1054     Int,      IV     |               speculation in Italy236. The undefiled purity of his
1055     Int,      IV     |            style made him seem to many the only speaker of the language237.
1056     Int,      IV     |               many the only speaker of the language237. He had written
1057     Int,      IV     |           history of his own deeds, in the style of Xenophon, which
1058     Int,      IV     |               culture, it is only from the Academica that we learn
1059     Int,      IV     |             philosophical opinions. In the De Oratore, when he speaks
1060     Int,      IV     |             Oratore, when he speaks of the visit of Carneades to Rome240,
1061     Int,      IV     |                any particular teacher. The only Greek especially mentioned
1062     Int,      IV     |       mentioned as a friend of his, is the poet Antipater of Sidon241.
1063     Int,      IV     |              was an adherent either of the Academic or Peripatetic
1064     Int,      IV     |              from no other schools can the orator spring, and the whole
1065     Int,      IV     |             can the orator spring, and the whole tone of the De Oratore
1066     Int,      IV     |          spring, and the whole tone of the De Oratore shows that Catulus
1067     Int,      IV     |            have had no leaning towards the Stoics or Epicureans242.
1068     Int,      IV     |               Stoics or Epicureans242. The probability is that he had
1069     Int,      IV     |             never placed himself under the instruction of Greek teachers
1070     Int,      IV     |              books and especially from the writings of Clitomachus.
1071     Int,      IV     |              communication with any of the prominent Academics, Cicero
1072     Int,      IV     |              to tell us, as he does in the case of Antonius243, and
1073     Int,      IV     |                although one passage in the Lucullus seems to imply
1074     Int,      IV     |            brilliant reputation during the later years of Catulus,
1075     Int,      IV     |           could view with indifference the latest development of Academic
1076     Int,      IV     |      development of Academic doctrine. The famous books of Philo were
1077     Int,      IV     |               proceed to draw out from the references in the Lucullus
1078     Int,      IV     |             out from the references in the Lucullus the chief features
1079     Int,      IV     |             references in the Lucullus the chief features of the speech
1080     Int,      IV     |         Lucullus the chief features of the speech of Catulus the younger.
1081     Int,      IV     |               of the speech of Catulus the younger. It was probably
1082     Int,      IV     |                considerable portion of the speech must have been directed
1083     Int,      IV     |             have been directed against the innovations made by Philo
1084     Int,      IV     |         innovations made by Philo upon the genuine Carneadean doctrine.
1085     Int,      IV     |             Carneadean doctrine. These the elder Catulus had repudiated
1086     Int,      IV     |            wilful misrepresentation of the older Academics250. The
1087     Int,      IV     |                the older Academics250. The most important part of the
1088     Int,      IV     |             The most important part of the speech, however, must have
1089     Int,      IV     |             and Arcesilas against [li] the dogmatic schools251. Catulus
1090     Int,      IV     |            concerned himself more with the system of the later than
1091     Int,      IV     |                more with the system of the later than with that of
1092     Int,      IV     |                later than with that of the earlier sceptic. It is also
1093     Int,      IV     |           touched only very lightly on the negative Academic arguments,
1094     Int,      IV     |                positive teaching about the πιθανον which was so distinctive
1095     Int,      IV     |          distinctive of Carneades. All the counter arguments of Lucullus
1096     Int,      IV     |              of Lucullus which concern the destructive side of Academic
1097     Int,      IV     |            must have represented it in the discourse of the day before252.
1098     Int,      IV     |     represented it in the discourse of the day before252. On the other
1099     Int,      IV(251)|             defensa sunt compared with the words ad Arcesilam Carneademque
1100     Int,      IV     |               of the day before252. On the other hand, those parts
1101     Int,      IV     |                 speech which deal with the constructive part of Academicism253
1102     Int,      IV     |          intended for Catulus, to whom the maintenance of the genuine
1103     Int,      IV     |                whom the maintenance of the genuine Carneadean distinction
1104     Int,      IV     |        peculiarly congenial task. Thus the commendation bestowed by
1105     Int,      IV     |                bestowed by Lucullus on the way in which the probabile
1106     Int,      IV     |           Lucullus on the way in which the probabile had been handled
1107     Int,      IV     |         handled appertains to Catulus. The exposition of the sceptical
1108     Int,      IV     |             Catulus. The exposition of the sceptical criticism would
1109     Int,      IV     |              naturally be reserved for the most brilliant and incisive
1110     Int,      IV     |       brilliant and incisive orator of the party—Cicero himself. These
1111     Int,      IV     |                 These conjectures have the advantage of establishing
1112     Int,      IV     |            intimate connection between the prooemium, the speech of
1113     Int,      IV     |      connection between the prooemium, the speech of Catulus, and the
1114     Int,      IV     |             the speech of Catulus, and the succeeding one of Hortensius.
1115     Int,      IV     |       succeeding one of Hortensius. In the prooemium the innovations
1116     Int,      IV     |           Hortensius. In the prooemium the innovations of Philo were
1117     Int,      IV     |               Catulus then showed that the only object aimed at by
1118     Int,      IV     |                was already attained by the Carneadean theory of the
1119     Int,      IV     |               the Carneadean theory of the πιθανον; whereupon Hortensius
1120     Int,      IV     |               Hortensius showed, after the principles of Antiochus,
1121     Int,      IV     |                a basis was provided by the older philosophy, which
1122     Int,      IV     |          abandoned. Thus Philo becomes the central point or pivot of
1123     Int,      IV     |              central point or pivot of the discussion. With this arrangement
1124     Int,      IV     |               this arrangement none of the indications in the Lucullus
1125     Int,      IV     |             none of the indications in the Lucullus clash. Even the
1126     Int,      IV     |               the Lucullus clash. Even the demand made by Hortensius
1127     Int,      IV     |               such a bare statement on the part of the latter of the
1128     Int,      IV     |               statement on the part of the latter of the negative Arcesilaean
1129     Int,      IV     |              the part of the latter of the negative Arcesilaean doctrines
1130     Int,      IV     |               doctrines as would clear the ground for the Carneadean
1131     Int,      IV     |             would clear the ground for the Carneadean πιθανον. One
1132     Int,      IV     |          Catulus after Carneades, that the wise man would opine255 (
1133     Int,      IV     |            seems another indication of the generally constructive character
1134     Int,      IV     |       exposition. Everything points to the conclusion that this part
1135     Int,      IV     |           conclusion that this part of the dialogue was mainly drawn
1136     Int,      IV     |            mainly drawn by Cicero from the writings of Clitomachus.~
1137     Int,      IV     |               that he gave a résumé of the history of philosophy, corresponding
1138     Int,      IV     |           philosophy, corresponding to the speech of Varro in the beginning
1139     Int,      IV     |              to the speech of Varro in the beginning of the Academica
1140     Int,      IV     |              Varro in the beginning of the Academica Posteriora. One
1141     Int,      IV     |              in favour of this view is the difficulty of understanding
1142     Int,      IV     |            whom, if not to Hortensius, the substance of the speech
1143     Int,      IV     |           Hortensius, the substance of the speech could have been assigned
1144     Int,      IV     |            could have been assigned in the first edition. In the Academica
1145     Int,      IV     |               in the first edition. In the Academica Posteriora it
1146     Int,      IV     |      Hortensius did; this accounts for the disappearance in the second
1147     Int,      IV     |               for the disappearance in the second edition of the polemical
1148     Int,      IV     |               in the second edition of the polemical argument of Hortensius257,
1149     Int,      IV     |           would be appropriate only in the mouth of one [liii] who
1150     Int,      IV     |                speech already made. On the view I have taken, there
1151     Int,      IV     |                be little difficulty in the fact that Hortensius now
1152     Int,      IV     |         dogmatic philosophy, though in the lost dialogue which bore
1153     Int,      IV     |      philosophy and wisdom were at all the same thing259. Such a historical
1154     Int,      IV(258)|                        Cf. II. §6 with the fragments of the Hortensius;
1155     Int,      IV(258)|                6 with the fragments of the Hortensius; also T.D. II. §
1156     Int,      IV     |                to give would be within the reach of any cultivated
1157     Int,      IV     |               of any cultivated man of the time, and would only be
1158     Int,      IV     |               put forward to show that the New Academic revolt against
1159     Int,      IV     |                Academic revolt against the supposed old Academico-Peripatetic
1160     Int,      IV     |              We are thus relieved from the necessity of forcing the
1161     Int,      IV     |               the necessity of forcing the meaning of the word commoveris261,
1162     Int,      IV     |              of forcing the meaning of the word commoveris261, from
1163     Int,      IV     |              which Krische infers that the dialogue, entitled Hortensius,
1164     Int,      IV     |            conversion to philosophy of the orator from whom it was
1165     Int,      IV     |             nowhere else any allusion.~The relation in which Hortensius
1166     Int,      IV     |                 Cicero's materials for the speech of Hortensius were,
1167     Int,      IV     |            were, doubtless, drawn from the published works and oral
1168     Int,      IV     |            oral teaching of Antiochus.~The speech of Hortensius was
1169     Int,      IV     |          Cicero himself. If my view of the preceding speech is correct, [
1170     Int,      IV     |            Cicero in his reply pursued the same course which he takes
1171     Int,      IV     |               of which is preserved in the Academica Posteriora262.
1172     Int,      IV     |            Posteriora262. He justified the New Academy by showing that
1173     Int,      IV     |              in essential harmony with the Old, and also with those
1174     Int,      IV     |                He must have dealt with the theory of καταληπτικη φαντασια
1175     Int,      IV     |               Latin terms to represent the Greek265. He probably also
1176     Int,      IV     |             probably also commented on the headlong rashness with which
1177     Int,      IV     |           headlong rashness with which the dogmatists gave their assent
1178     Int,      IV     |        dogmatists gave their assent to the truth of phenomena. To this
1179     Int,      IV     |             That Cicero's criticism of the dogmatic schools was incomplete
1180     Int,      IV     |              incomplete may be seen by the fact that he had not had
1181     Int,      IV     |               had occasion to Latinize the terms καταληψις (i.e. in
1182     Int,      IV     |               terms καταληψις (i.e. in the abstract, as opposed to
1183     Int,      IV     |                abstract, as opposed to the individual καταληπτικη φαντασια),
1184     Int,      IV     |          nearly all important terms in the Stoic, and to some extent
1185     Int,      IV     |           Stoic, and to some extent in the Antiochean system, all of
1186     Int,      IV     |              translate for himself267. The more the matter is examined
1187     Int,      IV     |               for himself267. The more the matter is examined the more
1188     Int,      IV     |            more the matter is examined the more clearly does it appear
1189     Int,      IV     |            clearly does it appear that the main purpose [lv] of Cicero
1190     Int,      IV     |             speech was to justify from the history of philosophy the
1191     Int,      IV     |              the history of philosophy the position of the New Academy,
1192     Int,      IV     |             philosophy the position of the New Academy, and not to
1193     Int,      IV     |                were advanced by him in the first day's discourse were
1194     Int,      IV     |              summary classification of the sensations, with the reasons
1195     Int,      IV     |                of the sensations, with the reasons for refusing to
1196     Int,      IV     |              for refusing to assent to the truth of each class270.
1197     Int,      IV(269)|                                    Cf. the words tam multa in II. §
1198     Int,      IV     |                truth of each class270. The whole constitution and tenor
1199     Int,      IV     |              constitution and tenor of the elaborate speech of Cicero
1200     Int,      IV     |          elaborate speech of Cicero in the Lucullus proves that no
1201     Int,      IV     |                minute demonstration of the impossibility of επιστημη
1202     Int,      IV     |           impossibility of επιστημη in the dogmatic sense had been
1203     Int,      IV     |          attempted in his statement of the day before. Cicero's argument
1204     Int,      IV     |           before. Cicero's argument in the Catulus was allowed by Lucullus
1205     Int,      IV     |              have considerably damaged the cause of Antiochus271. The
1206     Int,      IV(270)|                there is a reference to the "hesternus sermo."~
1207     Int,      IV     |             the cause of Antiochus271. The three speeches of Catulus,
1208     Int,      IV     |            Cicero had gone over nearly the whole ground marked out
1209     Int,      IV     |            whole ground marked out for the discussion272, but only
1210     Int,      IV     |             more minute examination in the Lucullus.~One question remains:
1211     Int,      IV     |            Cicero defend Philo against the attack of Catulus? Krische
1212     Int,      IV     |            Krische believes [lvi] that the argument of Catulus was
1213     Int,      IV     |             never appears elsewhere as the defender of Philo's reactionary
1214     Int,      IV     |              reactionary doctrines273. The expressions of Lucullus
1215     Int,      IV     |              had been dismissed by all the disputants274. It follows
1216     Int,      IV(273)|                appear from my notes on the Lucullus.~
1217     Int,      IV     |               brilliantly supported by the pupil of Clitomachus in
1218     Int,      IV     |       Clitomachus in his earlier days. The two chief sources for Cicero'
1219     Int,      IV     |         sources for Cicero's speech in the Catulus were, doubtless,
1220     Int,      IV     |              that intermediate form of the Academica, where Cato and
1221     Int,      IV     |            Cato and Brutus appeared in the place of Hortensius and
1222     Int,      IV     |      Consequently Cato must have taken the comparatively inferior part
1223     Int,      IV     |                strange that a Stoic of the Stoics like Cato should
1224     Int,      IV     |               have borrowed from Zeno. The rôle given to Hortensius,
1225     Int,      IV     |            cannot have been reduced to the comparatively secondary
1226     Int,      IV     |              assigned to Hortensius in the Academica Priora. He would
1227     Int,      IV     |              He would naturally occupy the [lvii] place given to Varro
1228     Int,      IV     |                place given to Varro in the second edition276. If this
1229     Int,      IV     |           would not speak at length in the first half of the work.
1230     Int,      IV     |            length in the first half of the work. Cato is not closely
1231     Int,      IV     |          closely enough connected with the Academica to render it necessary
1232     Int,      IV     |               treat of him farther.~b. The "Lucullus."~The day after
1233     Int,      IV     |            farther.~b. The "Lucullus."~The day after the discussion
1234     Int,      IV     |               Lucullus."~The day after the discussion narrated in the
1235     Int,      IV     |             the discussion narrated in the Catulus, during which Lucullus
1236     Int,      IV     |               been merely a looker-on, the whole party left the Cuman
1237     Int,      IV     |        looker-on, the whole party left the Cuman villa of Catulus early
1238     Int,      IV     |              villa of Catulus early in the morning, and came to that
1239     Int,      IV     |             Hortensius at Bauli277. In the evening, if the wind favoured,
1240     Int,      IV     |           Bauli277. In the evening, if the wind favoured, Lucullus
1241     Int,      IV(277)|              not, as Krische supposes, the villa Cicero wished to buy
1242     Int,      IV     |            Bauli was a little place on the gulf of Baiae, close to
1243     Int,      IV     |              many legends lingered279. The scenery in view was magnificent280.
1244     Int,      IV     |            view was magnificent280. As the party were seated in the
1245     Int,      IV     |               the party were seated in the xystus with its polished
1246     Int,      IV     |            floor and lines of statues, the waves rippled at their feet,
1247     Int,      IV     |             rippled at their feet, and the sea away to the horizon
1248     Int,      IV     |              feet, and the sea away to the horizon glistened and quivered
1249     Int,      IV     |           glistened and quivered under the bright sun, and changed
1250     Int,      IV     |               and changed colour under the freshening breeze. Within
1251     Int,      IV     |               breeze. Within sight lay the Cuman shore and Puteoli,
1252     Int,      IV     |            strove to give vividness to the dialogue and [lviii] to
1253     Int,      IV     |            still living, although when the words were written he had
1254     Int,      IV     |                dead for many years282. The surprise of Hortensius,
1255     Int,      IV     |              learner in philosophy, at the wisdom of Lucullus, is very
1256     Int,      IV     |         Lucullus, is very dramatic283. The many political and private
1257     Int,      IV     |              upon Cicero when he wrote the work are kept carefully
1258     Int,      IV     |                were actively employing the author's mind at Astura.
1259     Int,      IV     |          Tusculum has left its mark on the last section of the book,
1260     Int,      IV     |            mark on the last section of the book, while in the last
1261     Int,      IV     |          section of the book, while in the last but one the De Finibus,
1262     Int,      IV     |              while in the last but one the De Finibus, the De Natura
1263     Int,      IV     |                but one the De Finibus, the De Natura Deorum and other
1264     Int,      IV     |           forth284. In another passage the design of the Tusculan Disputations,
1265     Int,      IV     |          another passage the design of the Tusculan Disputations, which
1266     Int,      IV     |          carried out immediately after the publication of the Academica
1267     Int,      IV     |               after the publication of the Academica and De Finibus,
1268     Int,      IV     |                a secondary position in the conversation, which is resumed
1269     Int,      IV     |                Cicero to be drawn from the works of Antiochus286. Nearly
1270     Int,      IV     |            Nearly all that is known of the learning of Lucullus is
1271     Int,      IV     |              in Cicero's dialogue, and the passages already quoted
1272     Int,      IV     |           passages already quoted from the letters. He seems at least
1273     Int,      IV     |               citizen, was directed to the care of his fish-ponds287.
1274     Int,      IV(286)|                   Cf. II. §§1, 12 with the words quae erant contra
1275     Int,      IV     |             when he went to Sicily was the poet Archias, and during
1276     Int,      IV     |               poet Archias, and during the whole of his residence in [
1277     Int,      IV     |              of his residence in [lix] the East he sought to attach
1278     Int,      IV     |             Alexandria he was found in the company of Antiochus, Aristus,
1279     Int,      IV     |            Tyrius, Tetrilius Rogus and the Selii, all men of philosophic
1280     Int,      IV     |            times mentioned by Pliny in the Natural History as the patron
1281     Int,      IV     |              in the Natural History as the patron of Greek artists.
1282     Int,      IV     |           propped up, like Catulus, by the authority of another person.
1283     Int,      IV     |                heard Antiochus engage. The speech of Lucullus was,
1284     Int,      IV     |             reply to that of Cicero in the Catulus. Any closer examination
1285     Int,      IV     |              annotate its actual text. The same may be said of Cicero'
1286     Int,      IV     |            said of Cicero's answer.~In the intermediate form of the
1287     Int,      IV     |               the intermediate form of the Academica, the speech of
1288     Int,      IV     |    intermediate form of the Academica, the speech of Lucullus was no
1289     Int,      IV     |               a slight connection with the work, I do not think it
1290     Int,      IV     |            more than call attention to the fact. I may, however, notice
1291     Int,      IV     |                 I may, however, notice the close relationship in which
1292     Int,      IV     |               in which Brutus stood to the other persons with whom
1293     Int,      IV     |              Cato. All of them were of the Senatorial party, and Cato
1294     Int,      IV     |           present, with Cicero, during the war between Pompey [lx]
1295     Int,      IV     |                pupil Brutus was290.~c. The Second Edition.~When Cicero
1296     Int,      IV     |         Edition.~When Cicero dedicated the Academica to Varro, very
1297     Int,      IV     |          alterations were necessary in the scenery and other accessories
1298     Int,      IV     |               and other accessories of the piece. Cicero had a villa
1299     Int,      IV     |            Cicero had a villa close to the Cuman villa of Catulus and
1300     Int,      IV     |                Varro's villa, at which the scene was now laid, was
1301     Int,      IV     |             was now laid, was close to the Lucrine lake292. With regard
1302     Int,      IV     |                lake292. With regard to the feigned date of the discourse,
1303     Int,      IV     |          regard to the feigned date of the discourse, we may observe
1304     Int,      IV     |                 we may observe that at the very outset of the work
1305     Int,      IV     |             that at the very outset of the work it is shown to be not
1306     Int,      IV     |                be not far distant from the actual time of composition293.
1307     Int,      IV     |              to recent events, such as the utter overthrow of the Pompeian
1308     Int,      IV     |              as the utter overthrow of the Pompeian party, the death
1309     Int,      IV     |       overthrow of the Pompeian party, the death of Tullia294, and
1310     Int,      IV(293)|                                    Cf. the word nuper in §.~
1311     Int,      IV     |                death of Tullia294, and the publication of the Hortensius295.
1312     Int,      IV     |                 and the publication of the Hortensius295. Between the
1313     Int,      IV     |             the Hortensius295. Between the date of Tullia's death and
1314     Int,      IV     |             date of Tullia's death and the writing of the Academica,
1315     Int,      IV     |               death and the writing of the Academica, it can be shown
1316     Int,      IV     |              anticipates his wonder in the letter of dedication296.~
1317     Int,      IV     |           letter of dedication296.~For the main facts of Varro's life
1318     Int,      IV     |             main facts of Varro's life the student must be referred
1319     Int,      IV     |            student must be referred to the ordinary sources of information.
1320     Int,      IV     |        information. A short account of the points of contact between
1321     Int,      IV     |                 are alone needed here. The first mention we have of
1322     Int,      IV     |              to show his character and the impossibility of anything
1323     Int,      IV     |                like friendship between the two. Varro had done the
1324     Int,      IV     |                the two. Varro had done the orator some service in the
1325     Int,      IV     |             the orator some service in the trying time which came before
1326     Int,      IV     |          trying time which came before the exile. In writing to Atticus
1327     Int,      IV     |                eulogised Varro; and in the letter to which I refer
1328     Int,      IV     |             begs Atticus to send Varro the eulogy to read, adding "
1329     Int,      IV     |              ελικτα και ουδεν297." All the references to Varro in the
1330     Int,      IV     |             the references to Varro in the letters to Atticus are in
1331     Int,      IV     |              letters to Atticus are in the same strain. Cicero had
1332     Int,      IV     |               he and Varro remained in the same semi-friendly state.
1333     Int,      IV     |             semi-friendly state. About the year 54 B.C., as we have
1334     Int,      IV     |               to dedicate some work to the great polymath. After the
1335     Int,      IV     |              the great polymath. After the fall of the Pompeian cause,
1336     Int,      IV     |            polymath. After the fall of the Pompeian cause, Cicero and
1337     Int,      IV     |             letters, written mostly in the year before the Academica
1338     Int,      IV     |              mostly in the year before the Academica was published,
1339     Int,      IV     |        artificial; very different from the letters Cicero addressed
1340     Int,      IV     |              fear of giving offence to the harsh temper of Varro, and
1341     Int,      IV     |               means natural to Cicero. The negotiations between Atticus
1342     Int,      IV     |             and Cicero with respect to the dedication of the second
1343     Int,      IV     |           respect to the dedication of the second edition, as detailed
1344     Int,      IV(300)|              Ad Fam. IX. 1—8. They are the only letters from Cicero
1345     Int,      IV     |             not lead to friendship301.~The philosophical views of Varro
1346     Int,      IV     |              quotes considerably from, the work of Varro De Philosophia302.
1347     Int,      IV     |              follower of Antiochus and the so-called Old Academy. How
1348     Int,      IV     |                this school from, among the 288 philosophies which he
1349     Int,      IV     |             exhaustion, may be read by the curious in Augustine. My
1350     Int,      IV     |              in Augustine. My notes on the Academica Posteriora will
1351     Int,      IV     |             who, from Stoic phrases in the De Lingua Latina, concluded
1352     Int,      IV     |               Varro had passed over to the Stoics before that work
1353     Int,      IV     |                came from Antiochus303.~The exact specification of the
1354     Int,      IV     |             The exact specification of the changes in the arrangement
1355     Int,      IV     |        specification of the changes in the arrangement of the subject-matter,
1356     Int,      IV     |          changes in the arrangement of the subject-matter, necessitated
1357     Int,      IV     |        subject-matter, necessitated by the dedication to Varro, will
1358     Int,      IV     |               deferred till we come to the fragments of the second
1359     Int,      IV     |               come to the fragments of the second edition preserved
1360     Int,      IV     |              others. Roughly speaking, the following were the contents
1361     Int,      IV     |           speaking, the following were the contents of the four books.
1362     Int,      IV     |         following were the contents of the four books. Book I.: the
1363     Int,      IV     |               the four books. Book I.: the historico-philosophical
1364     Int,      IV     |         Hortensius, now by Varro; then the historical justification
1365     Int,      IV     |            historical justification of the Philonian position, [lxiii]
1366     Int,      IV     |              which Cicero had given in the first edition as an answer
1367     Int,      IV     |         positive teaching, practically the same as that given by Catulus
1368     Int,      IV     |            probably, that foretaste of the negative arguments against
1369     Int,      IV     |              ed. 1. had formed part of the answer made by Cicero to
1370     Int,      IV     |                s answer, substantially the same as in ed. 1. Atticus
1371     Int,      IV     |                fact which might puzzle the student. In some old editions
1372     Int,      IV     |          student. In some old editions the Lucullus is marked throughout
1373     Int,      IV     |      quotations, which are always from the second edition, and can
1374     Int,      IV     |              can tell us nothing about the constitution of the first.
1375     Int,      IV     |              about the constitution of the first. One other thing is
1376     Int,      IV     |            before him had done) places the Academica Priora before
1377     Int,      IV     |                Academica Priora before the Posteriora. This seems to
1378     Int,      IV     |              an unnatural arrangement; the subject-matter of the Varro
1379     Int,      IV     |     arrangement; the subject-matter of the Varro is certainly prior,
1380     Int,      IV     |           prior, logically, to that of the Lucullus. ~
1381     Not,       1     |          adroitly reminding Varro that the promised dedication of the
1382     Not,       1     |             the promised dedication of the De Lingua Latina is too
1383     Not,       1     |                too long delayed, turns the conversation towards philosophy,
1384     Not,       1     |          useful purpose, and points to the failures of the Roman Epicureans (
1385     Not,       1     |              points to the failures of the Roman Epicureans (4—6).
1386     Not,       1     |              himself to subjects which the Greeks have not treated (
1387     Not,       1     |                devotion, but demurs to the theory that philosophy written
1388     Not,       1     |             why he should himself make the attempt, and instancing
1389     Not,       1     |                attempt, and instancing the success of Brutus, again
1390     Not,       1     |       philosophy (9—12). Varro putting the request on one side charges
1391     Not,       1     |            charges Cic. with deserting the Old Academy for the New.
1392     Not,       1     |          deserting the Old Academy for the New. Cic. defends himself,
1393     Not,       1     |               and appeals to Philo for the statement that the New Academy
1394     Not,       1     |           Philo for the statement that the New Academy is in harmony
1395     Not,       1     |             Academy is in harmony with the Old. Varro refers to Antiochus
1396     Not,       1     |           Antiochus as an authority on the other side. This leads to
1397     Not,       1     |            This leads to a proposal on the part of Cic. to discuss
1398     Not,       1     |             Cic. to discuss thoroughly the difference between Antiochus
1399     Not,       1     |              promises an exposition of the principles of Antiochus (
1400     Not,       1     |            friend. Varro was much more the friend of Atticus than of
1401     Not,       1     |              Introd. p. 37. Nuntiatum: the spelling nunciatum is a
1402     Not,       1     |            came. Audissemus: Cic. uses the contracted forms of such
1403     Not,       1     |               subjunctives, as well as the full forms, but not intermediate
1404     Not,       1     |            note how artfully Cic. uses the dramatic form of the dialogue
1405     Not,       1     |              uses the dramatic form of the dialogue in order to magnify
1406     Not,       1     |              for Varro. Ab eius villa: the prep is absent from the
1407     Not,       1     |                the prep is absent from the MSS., but Wesenberg (Em.
1408     Not,       1     |               where Wes. alters it) or the like. Satis eum longo intervallo:
1409     Not,       1     |               longo intervallo: so all the MSS.; but Halm, after Davies,
1410     Not,       1     |                s ed. of 1861, p. 854). The text is sound; the repetition
1411     Not,       1     |               854). The text is sound; the repetition of pronouns (
1412     Not,       1     |              eum) is quite Ciceronian. The emphatic ille is often repeated
1413     Not,       1     |              ille is often repeated by the unemphatic is, cf. T.D.
1414     Not,       1     |            D.F. V. 22. I may note that the separation of satis from
1415     Not,       1     |      separation of satis from longo by the word eum is quite in Cicero'
1416     Not,       1     |                to mean "sufficiently." The words satis longo intervallo
1417     Not,       1     |              tolerably long halt." For the clause ut mos, etc., cf.
1418     Not,       1     |                2. Hic pauca primo: for the omission of locuti, cf.
1419     Not,       1     |                omission of locuti, cf. the very similar passages in
1420     Not,       1     |               forte Roma novi: Roma is the ablative, and some verb
1421     Not,       1     |             clearly wrong. Percontari: the spelling percunctari rests
1422     Not,       1     |               novi: cf. De Or. II. 13. The MSS. have et si quid, bad
1423     Not,       1     |                38. Idque: MSS. have in the place of this quod with
1424     Not,       1     |              Dav. gave quia, which was the vulgate reading down to
1425     Not,       1     |          altogether. Quaedam institui: the De Lingua Latina; see Ad.
1426     Not,       1     |                XIII. 12.~§3. E Libone: the father-in-law of Sext. Pompeius;
1427     Not,       1     |              Illud ... requirere: i.e. the question which follows;
1428     Not,       1     |                monementis, is probably the right spelling; cf. Corss.
1429     Not,       1     |            Ortam a: Cic. always writes the prep. after ortus; cf. M.
1430     Not,       1     |         followed by Baiter has ars; on the other hand Bentley (if the
1431     Not,       1     |             the other hand Bentley (if the amicus so often quoted in
1432     Not,       1     |               artibus for rebus below. The slight variation, however,
1433     Not,       1     |                as Cic. loves. Ceteris: the spelling caeteris (Klotz)
1434     Not,       1     |              Cic. as usual exaggerates the knowledge possessed by the
1435     Not,       1     |             the knowledge possessed by the personae of the dialogue;
1436     Not,       1     |           possessed by the personae of the dialogue; cf. Introd. p.
1437     Not,       1     |               back had made merry over the gloss hunters, here himself
1438     Not,       1     |          Schutz, Goerenz's echo expels the words. Yet they are thoroughly
1439     Not,       1     |                is more Ciceronian than the repetition of words and
1440     Not,       1     |                slightly altered forms. The reason here is partly the
1441     Not,       1     |              The reason here is partly the intense desire to flatter
1442     Not,       1     |           Varro. Si qui ... si essent: the first si has really no conditional
1443     Not,       1     |           similar expressions occur in the prologue to D.F. I., which
1444     Not,       1     |              and e indiscriminately in the acc. plur. of i stems. I
1445     Not,       1     |               did not vary, he must in the vast majority of instances
1446     Not,       1     |   argumentatione, Ernesti ratione. But the word as it stands has exactly
1447     Not,       1     |               as it stands has exactly the meaning these alterations
1448     Not,       1     |                 Interrogatio is merely the conclusio or syllogism put
1449     Not,       1     |              constant mode of denoting the Greek ‛ρητορικη and διαλεκτικη;
1450     Not,       1     |      needlessly. In Ad Fam. IX. 25, 3, the two words even occur without
1451     Not,       1     |              remove all suspicion from the text. Verbis quoque novis:
1452     Not,       1     |              Ne a nobis quidem: so all the MSS., but Orelli (after
1453     Not,       1     |                after Ernesti) thinking the phrase "arrogantius dictum"
1454     Not,       1     |                quidem after accipient. The text is quite right, ne
1455     Not,       1     |          remarks, implies no more than the Germ. auch nicht, cf. also
1456     Not,       1     |            Suscipiatur labor: MSS. om. the noun, but it is added by
1457     Not,       1     |              id est si Democritum: for the charge see D.F. I. 17, IV.
1458     Not,       1     |                does not merely explain the first clause, exx. in M.
1459     Not,       1     |            sustuleris: cf. D.F. I. 18, the same charge is brought by
1460     Not,       1     |           brought by Aristotle against the Atomists, Met. A, 2. Many
1461     Not,       1     |               also Gk. ποιητικος). But the genitive is merely one of
1462     Not,       1     |              merely one of definition, the causae are the res efficientes,
1463     Not,       1     |             definition, the causae are the res efficientes, for which
1464     Not,       1     |     contineantur: this reading has far the best MSS. authority, it
1465     Not,       1     |             and adhibenda etiam begins the apodosis. Madvig (Emendationes
1466     Not,       1     |              absurdly tries to prop up the subj. without cum. Quam
1467     Not,       1     |               for quoniam quibusnam of the MSS., given by Halm and
1468     Not,       1     |                physics to ethics) like the Gk. επει, only one parallel
1469     Not,       1     |             adduced (T.D. III. 14) and the usage probably is not Latin.
1470     Not,       1     |               is not Latin. Adducere?: The note of interrogation is
1471     Not,       1     |          interrogation is Halm's; thus the whole sentence, so far,
1472     Not,       1     |             sentence, so far, explains the difficulty of setting forth
1473     Not,       1     |            difficulty of setting forth the true system of physics.
1474     Not,       1     |                 further, there will be the almost impossible ellipse
1475     Not,       1     |              scientia, or something of the kind after haec ipsa. On
1476     Not,       1     |             haec ipsa. On every ground the reading of Madv. is insupportable.
1477     Not,       1     |             have added quid to fill up the lacuna left by Halm, who
1478     Not,       1     |              more to have fallen out. [The technical philosophical
1479     Not,       1     |               be elucidated later. For the Epicurean ignorance of geometry
1480     Not,       1     |            sequare ... magnum est: for the constr. cf. II. 140. Magnum
1481     Not,       1     |               agrees very closely with the Greek preserved by Diog.
1482     Not,       1     |            this is wrong is clear from the fact that in D.F. II. 20,
1483     Not,       1     |                 46, N.D. I. 111, where the same opinion of Epicurus
1484     Not,       1     |             D.F. II. 20), and verbs of the kind (cogitari II. 82),
1485     Not,       1     |                 as Durand remarked, at the end of sentences eg Verr.
1486     Not,       1     |            Baiter inserts, in spite of the numerous passages produced
1487     Not,       1     |            pronouns are omitted before the infinitive, after verbs
1488     Not,       1     |             verbs like negat. Cf. also the omission of sibi in Paradoxa
1489     Not,       1     |               62. Erit explicanda: for the separation of these words
1490     Not,       1     |             hypercritical objection to the phrase explicare Academiam,
1491     Not,       1     |                 and read erunt against the MSS., making illa plural.
1492     Not,       1     |             consult Madv. Constantiam: the notions of firmness, consistency,
1493     Not,       1     |              to be wrong in bracketing the words. Ea a: Lamb., objecting
1494     Not,       1     |              Ea a: Lamb., objecting to the sound (which is indeed not
1495     Not,       1     |                so Wordsworth, "to hunt the waterfalls". The metaphor
1496     Not,       1     |               to hunt the waterfalls". The metaphor involved in fontibus—
1497     Not,       1     |           words, not as magnopere, cf. the phrases maximo opere, nimio
1498     Not,       1     |             maximo opere, nimio opere, the same holds good of tanto
1499     Not,       1     |                 L. Aelii: MSS. Laelii. The person meant is L. Aelius
1500     Not,       1     |           Aelius Stilo or Praeconinus, the master of Varro, and the