Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 6 | enrolled in ISCED in 5 level programmes in EU Member States. Women
2 I, 2. 6 | ISCED 6 or advanced research programmes in most European countries.
3 I, 2. 6 | enrolled in ISCED level 6 programmes compared to men increased
4 I, 2. 6 | women enrolling in ISCED 6 programmes (i.e. those graduating are
5 I, 2. 6 | stage of tertiary level programmes. While women make up a large
6 I, 2. 6 | teacher training and education programmes at ISCED level 5, outnumbering
7 I, 2. 10. 1 | groups individual prevention programmes based on the individual
8 I, 2. 10. 3 | e-Ten and e-Contentplus programmes and will support the aims
9 I, 2. 10. 3 | under the Research Framework Programmes. Many of the projects supported
10 I, 2. 10. 3 | the EU Research Framework programmes are of direct interest to
11 II, 5. 1. 3 | Education. Continuing education programmes for healthcare providers
12 II, 5. 2. 5 | include disease management programmes, population-based registers
13 II, 5. 2. 5 | registers and screening programmes. These approaches will foster
14 II, 5. 3. 2 | evaluation of screening programmes: a number of EU cancer registries
15 II, 5. 3. 2 | evaluation of screening programmes. Others could do so by providing
16 II, 5. 3. 2 | attendance to screening programmes;~- impact indicators: down-staging
17 II, 5. 3. 2 | screening and cancer treatment programmes:~· the EU should recommend
18 II, 5. 3. 5 | influenced by screening programmes. In this case, screening
19 II, 5. 3. 5 | introduction of screening programmes in various countries. Countries
20 II, 5. 3. 6 | effective cervical screening programmes tends to reflect the more
21 II, 5. 3. 6 | organised cervical screening programmes. This suggests differences
22 II, 5. 3. 6 | prevention and screening programmes, access to diagnostic and
23 II, 5. 3. 7 | effective cancer control programmes is finalized to identify
24 II, 5. 3. 7 | level. Organised screening programmes are likely to be more effective,
25 II, 5. 3. 7 | discouraged. Mass screening programmes can be more thoroughly evaluated
26 II, 5. 3. 7 | evaluated than spontaneous programmes and, if ineffective, they
27 II, 5. 3. 7 | effective organised screening programmes could drastically reduce
28 II, 5. 3. 7 | implementation of organised screening programmes (European Council, 2003).
29 II, 5. 3. 7 | delivering public health programmes designed both to reduce
30 II, 5. 3. 7 | comprehensive cancer control programmes and population-based cancer
31 II, 5. 3. 8 | organized cancer screening programmes and investing in modern
32 II, 5. 3. 9 | strengthen cancer control programmes in Europe. htt f (document
33 II, 5. 4. 6 | prevention policies and programmes for the whole population
34 II, 5. 4. 6 | national diabetes prevention programmes and measures;~· Taking the
35 II, 5. 5.Int(20)| Community Public health Programmes 1997-2004. htt m. A list
36 II, 5. 5.Int | EnterMentalHealth,) have developed programmes which aim at:~ ~· Protection
37 II, 5. 5.Int | development of policies and programmes; development of best practice;
38 II, 5. 5. 1 | projects from EU Public Health Programmes concerning mental/mood disorders
39 II, 5. 5. 1 | Thus, several mental health programmes have been co-funded from
40 II, 5. 5. 1 | from the EU Public Health Programmes. Several have been valuable
41 II, 5. 5. 1 | Commission Public Health Programmes~· Contribution to mental
42 II, 5. 5. 1 | mental health policy~General programmes targeted to strengthen mental
43 II, 5. 5. 1 | addressed through~ these programmes.~o Mental health promotion
44 II, 5. 5. 1 | Community Public Health Programmes 1997-2004). Luxembourg:
45 II, 5. 5. 3 | magazines and television programmes frequently promote too small
46 II, 5. 5. 3 | formulating policies and programmes. The WHO Regional Office
47 II, 5. 5. 3 | designing and implementing programmes and policies;~· develop
48 II, 5. 5. 3 | most cases, actions and programmes concern mental health and
49 II, 5. 5. 3 | as well as implementiable programmes shall take into account
50 II, 5. 5. 3 | review the effectiveness of programmes and activities, in order
51 II, 5. 5. 3 | order to guarantee that programmes and activities follow specified
52 II, 5. 5. 3 | example, nutrition education programmes as much as school-based
53 II, 5. 5. 3 | coordinate education prevention programmes.~Parents themselves play
54 II, 5. 5. 3 | all be addressed in future programmes to reduce the mortality
55 II, 5. 5. 3 | number of prodromal treatment programmes have been initiated around
56 II, 5. 5. 3 | around the world, three early programmes have generated most of the
57 II, 5. 5. 3 | Recognition and Prevention (RAP) programmes in the USA. In some European
58 II, 5. 5. 3 | Recognition Centres and respective programmes, the European Prediction
59 II, 5. 5. 3 | structures of care, prevention programmes will only be successfully
60 II, 5. 5. 3 | do not have mental health programmes. One fifth does not have
61 II, 5. 5. 3 | National mental health acts or programmes~Before and after the publication
62 II, 5. 5. 3 | implementation of disease management programmes would cover three main objectives:
63 II, 5. 5. 3 | national and international programmes against stigma. Great Britain
64 II, 5. 5. 3 | in establishing national programmes to fight stigma. In Germany,
65 II, 5. 5. 3 | develop and create awareness programmes to fight the stigma of mental
66 II, 5. 5. 3 | of mental disorders. Such programmes are, however, in general
67 II, 5. 5. 3 | schizophrenia.~To date there are few programmes focusing exclusively on
68 II, 5. 5. 3 | which effective prevention programmes can be designed. One of
69 II, 5. 5. 3 | Klosterkötter, 2007). Respective programmes – e.g. Romania has initiated
70 II, 5. 5. 3 | the evidence base for such programmes is necessary. In Germany
71 II, 5. 5. 3 | that employment training programmes for people with epilepsy
72 II, 5. 5. 3 | The elements of these programmes include neuropsychological
73 II, 5. 5. 3 | placement and post-placement programmes.~Lay associations, which
74 II, 5. 5. 3 | coordinated rehabilitation programmes (Miller et al, 2006). Also,
75 II, 5. 5. 3 | information and awareness-raising programmes for employers, co-workers
76 II, 5. 9. FB | establish efficient prevention programmes on the general population.
77 II, 5. 9. 5 | education and self-management programmes. Major efforts are needed
78 II, 5. 11. 1 | low priority in research programmes. However, the public and
79 II, 5. 14. 3 | public oral health care programmes for children. For 12-year-olds
80 II, 5. 14. 3 | where school oral health programmes were established and maintained
81 II, 5. 14. 3 | place and most public health programmes have been brought to a halt.
82 II, 5. 14. 5 | implementing community health programmes. Even if the most common
83 II, 5. 14. 5 | community, evaluate community programmes and actions, as well as
84 II, 5. 14. 5 | surveillance and evaluation of care programmes. The oral health sector
85 II, 5. 14. 6 | cost-effectiveness ratio of the health programmes implemented within the framework
86 II, 5. 14. 6 | health. However, surveillance programmes are somewhat lacking in
87 II, 5. 15. 4 | cooperation between the EU programmes; encourage EU MS in developing
88 II, 6. 3. 2 | reinforce infection control programmes with surveillance.~ ~
89 II, 6. 3. 3 | e.g. through screening programmes where cost-effective, in
90 II, 6. 3. 3 | campaigns and screening programmes could be exchanged between
91 II, 6. 3. 3 | their national vaccination programmes. Even before this could
92 II, 6. 3. 5 | are indications that the programmes have not achieved the intended
93 II, 6. 3. 5 | effective childhood vaccination programmes. Yet, despite all the efforts,
94 II, 6. 3. 5 | included in vaccination programmes, and if yes, how to monitor
95 II, 6. 3. 5 | have introduced vaccination programmes against serogroup C disease,
96 II, 6. 3. 5 | by sex (some vaccination programmes started in women first)
97 II, 6. 4. 1 | allocation for preventive programmes and for evaluating preventive
98 II, 6. 4. 1 | for evaluating preventive programmes and control measures.~ ~
99 II, 6. 4. 5 | promote infection prevention programmes, in particular immunization
100 II, 6. 4. 5 | particular immunization programmes; e) reinforce the food monitoring
101 II, 7. 1 | Although injury prevention programmes in the different sectors
102 II, 7. 4. 1 | implementation of country programmes and activities that should
103 II, 7. 4. 6 | population, suicide prevention programmes based on behavioural change
104 II, 7. 4. 6 | school-based suicide prevention programmes based on skill training
105 II, 7. 4. 7 | collaboration with other Community programmes such as the DAPHNE Programme.
106 II, 7. 5 | area; laws, policies and programmes for fire prevention, work
107 II, 7. 5 | national action plans or programmes for injury prevention and
108 II, 7. 5 | EuroSafe is organized in programmes and task forces (networks)
109 II, 7. 5 | develop good policies and programmes. The European Association
110 II, 8. 2. 1 | of pregnancy. Screening programmes may also prevent intellectual
111 II, 8. 2. 1 | suggests that health promotion programmes that specifically target
112 II, 8. 2. 1 | example, providing suitable programmes of physical activity and
113 II, 8. 2. 1 | access to health promotion programmes, to health care and to optimal
114 II, 8. 2. 2 | integrated into school health programmes; the need should be assessed
115 II, 9 | population.~ ~Rubella vaccination programmes for babies and/or young
116 II, 9 | consider the promotion of programmes which encourage smoking
117 II, 9. 1. 1 | maternal and child health programmes in many countries furthered
118 II, 9. 1. 2 | population~ ~Rubella vaccination programmes for babies and/or young
119 II, 9. 2. 3 | insidious. The WHO has active programmes on violence (WHO, 2008),
120 II, 9. 2. 3 | based suicide prevention programmes are associated to a lower
121 II, 9. 2. 5 | through a dozen community programmes for actions in favour of
122 II, 9. 2. 5 | include childhood immunisation programmes; prevention of cigarette
123 II, 9. 2. 5 | design and carry out health programmes that are in line with the
124 II, 9. 2. 6 | immunisation has lost priority. Programmes will need to be reviewed
125 II, 9. 3. 1 | child. Effective prevention programmes need to address HIV/AIDS
126 II, 9. 4. 3 | people can be prevented with programmes promoting safety, injury
127 II, 9. 4. 3 | application of specialised programmes (Geriatric Medicine Society,
128 II, 9. 4. 4 | consider the promotion of programmes which encourage smoking
129 II, 9. 4. 6 | development of policies and programmes that allow older people
130 II, 9. 5. 2 | and activities of previous programmes from the public health framework (
131 II, 9. 5. 3 | participate in cessation programmes but rarely show better results
132 II, 9. 5. 3 | gender-specific intervention programmes to control adolescent smoking,
133 II, 9. 5. 4 | technical assistance to programmes that promote women’s empowerment
134 II, 9. 5. 4 | effective strategies and programmes, and to reinforce the scientific
135 II, 9. 5. 4 | implementation of policies and programmes that increase access of
136 II, 9. 5. 4 | by specifically including programmes to tackle male suicide and
137 II, 9. 5. 4 | development of prevention programmes for high prevalence diseases
138 II, 9. 5. 4 | System, to examine earlier Programmes for gender awareness. On
139 III, 10. 1. 3 | physical activity education programmes in children. Clin Exp Pharmacol
140 III, 10. 2. 1 | activities, financed via action programmes and the Community Tobacco
141 III, 10. 2. 1 | services in national health programmes, and~· promoting the participation
142 III, 10. 2. 1 | national tobacco control programmes.~ ~Under the UN Charter,
143 III, 10. 2. 1 | tobacco control measures and programmes.~On 7 February 2008 the
144 III, 10. 2. 1 | tobacco use:~· Tobacco control programmes should be comprehensive
145 III, 10. 2. 1 | available.~ ~Educational programmes and information campaigns~ ~
146 III, 10. 2. 1 | Community based prevention programmes can be effective in reducing
147 III, 10. 2. 1 | standardised multi-session programmes which can be documented
148 III, 10. 2. 1 | countries. While the first programmes started to operate in the
149 III, 10. 2. 1 | through these specialised programmes has increased greatly during
150 III, 10. 2. 1 | based oral health promotion programmes in which daily supervised
151 III, 10. 2. 1 | through integrated prevention programmes to promote good oral hygiene
152 III, 10. 2. 1 | in community preventive programmes. Professional and individual
153 III, 10. 2. 1 | systematic fluoridation programmes, to consider the development
154 III, 10. 2. 1 | implementation of fluoridation programmes, giving priority to equitable
155 III, 10. 2. 1 | other community actions and programmes.~ ~
156 III, 10. 2. 1 | disease prevention into action programmes (Petersen, 2003). Social,
157 III, 10. 2. 1 | context of primary health programmes. These programmes should
158 III, 10. 2. 1 | health programmes. These programmes should meet the basic health
159 III, 10. 2. 1 | communities. Fluoride school based programmes are effective especially
160 III, 10. 2. 1 | public through community programmes and within health care settings.
161 III, 10. 2. 1 | incorporating tobacco cessation programmes and nutritional counselling
162 III, 10. 2. 1 | national or community health programmes.~ ~
163 III, 10. 2. 1 | physical activity.~ ~Public health programmes for physical activity need
164 III, 10. 2. 1 | employers to provide such programmes (Branca et al, 2007a; Branca
165 III, 10. 2. 1 | the impact of policies or programmes at national level is lacking.~ ~
166 III, 10. 2. 1 | public health policies and programmes and should be incorporated
167 III, 10. 2. 1 | individual projects and programmes given their role as the
168 III, 10. 2. 1 | communication routes via school programmes, pharmacies (predictor test),
169 III, 10. 2. 1 | planning centres, work place programmes or supermarkets (leaflets)
170 III, 10. 2. 1 | Evaluate the impact of programmes and policies).~ ~Different
171 III, 10. 2. 4 | sets, disease prevention programmes and clinical interventions
172 III, 10. 2. 5 | has led to evidence-based programmes of prevention, such as elimination
173 III, 10. 3. 1 | index, UVR health school programmes, the regulation of sun bed
174 III, 10. 3. 2 | has led to evidence-based programmes of prevention, such as elimination
175 III, 10. 4. 1 | required to develop plans and programmes aimed at attaining the limit
176 III, 10. 4. 1 | important that abatement programmes do not focus solely on meeting
177 III, 10. 4. 2 | methods for official control programmes have been harmonised in
178 III, 10. 4. 2 | to the national control programmes, the participation in a
179 III, 10. 4. 2 | Community pesticide control programmes.~ ~Zoonoses and zoonotic
180 III, 10. 4. 2 | control and eradication programmes for animal diseases and
181 III, 10. 4. 2 | and coordinated control programmes for foodstuffs based on
182 III, 10. 4. 2 | assistance for establishing programmes for the specific control
183 III, 10. 4. 2 | intensified. Monitoring programmes recommended by the EU and
184 III, 10. 4. 2 | States have set up national programmes in addition to the harmonised
185 III, 10. 4. 2 | Community and national control programmes, the information to be provided
186 III, 10. 4. 5 | development of waste prevention programmes in the Kiev Strategy.~ ~
187 III, 10. 5. 2 | cohesion strategies, InterReg programmes, and regional integration
188 III, 10. 5. 2 | and community initiative programmes such as PHARE or TACIS.
189 III, 10. 5. 3 | various health promotion programmes (Aldana, 2001; Chapman,
190 III, 10. 5. 3 | savings - of health promotion programmes may not become fully apparent
191 III, 10. 5. 3 | training, strategies, research programmes and action plans~- promoting
192 III, 10. 6. 2 | awareness and capacity building programmes. The objective is to generate
193 IV, 11. 1. 4 | countries have introduced programmes to improve access with this
194 IV, 11. 1. 5 | technology, a multiplicity of programmes and guidelines and the difficulty
195 IV, 11. 1. 5 | Frank, 2006). However, these programmes have the potential to increase
196 IV, 11. 1. 5 | costs to the system, these programmes should be judged based on
197 IV, 11. 1. 6 | called “pay-for-performance” programmes. These are based on the
198 IV, 11. 2 | preventive and health promotion programmes, although there is a wide
199 IV, 11. 2 | extent to which public health programmes are based on evidence, monitored
200 IV, 11. 2. 1 | decline)~ ~Disease management programmes - originally created in
201 IV, 11. 2. 1 | guided the development of programmes for specific disease categories,
202 IV, 11. 2. 1 | in Europe increases, and programmes extend beyond single diseases
203 IV, 11. 2. 2 | identified for community action programmes based on the burden of the
204 IV, 11. 2. 2 | on the fact whether the programmes would be valuable and complementary
205 IV, 11. 2. 2 | multi-annual public health programmes ran from 2003 to 2008, and
206 IV, 11. 2. 2 | included a wide range of programmes such as vaccination programmes
207 IV, 11. 2. 2 | programmes such as vaccination programmes and public health campaigns
208 IV, 11. 2. 2 | data: some public health programmes may not be accounted for,
209 IV, 11. 2. 2 | particular occupational health programmes, may fall on private enterprises.~ ~
210 IV, 11. 2. 2 | evaluate the effectiveness of programmes. More research is needed
211 IV, 11. 3. 1 | to develop accreditation programmes not just within particular
212 IV, 11. 4 | Population based screening programmes to reduce the risk of cervical
213 IV, 11. 5. 4 | authorisation of establishments and programmes of organ donation and procurement
214 IV, 11. 5. 5 | resources with new research programmes in the field, and identify
215 IV, 11. 5. 5 | 3. innovative training programmes for doctor, surgeons, scientists
216 IV, 11. 5. 5 | Coordination of National Research Programmes on Organ Donation and Transplantation):~
217 IV, 11. 5. 5 | field of OT.~- Research programmes for improving Organ Transplantation
218 IV, 11. 5. 6 | national and regional research programmes on organ transplantation
219 IV, 11. 5. 7 | among Member States, sharing programmes and best practices to help
220 IV, 11. 6. 4 | health and social assistance programmes may not be meeting those
221 IV, 11. 6. 4 | intervention. In many countries, programmes for HTA have been established
222 IV, 11. 6. 4 | formulation.~ ~While HTA programmes have generally enhanced
223 IV, 12. 1 | Health – related precursor programmes at European Community level.~ ~
224 IV, 12. 1 | between their policies and programmes.~ ~ ~ ~Public health is
225 IV, 12. 1 | themselves their policies and programmes in the areas referred to
226 IV, 12. 2 | include disease management programmes, population-based registers
227 IV, 12. 2 | registers and screening programmes. These approaches will foster
228 IV, 12. 2 | implementation of organised screening programmes (European Council, 2003).
229 IV, 12. 2 | and deliver public health programmes that are designed both to
230 IV, 12. 2 | regulations and activity programmes) in terms of primary and
231 IV, 12. 2 | activities, financed via action programmes and the Community Tobacco
232 IV, 12. 2 | services in national health programmes, and~promoting the participation
233 IV, 12. 2 | national tobacco control programmes.~ ~Under the UN Charter,
234 IV, 12. 2 | tobacco control measures and programmes.~On 7 February 2008 WHO
235 IV, 12. 2 | available.~ ~Educational programmes and information campaigns~ ~
236 IV, 12. 2 | Community based prevention programmes can be effective in reducing
237 IV, 12. 4 | ACP country and regional~programmes, and thematic programmes
238 IV, 12. 4 | programmes, and thematic programmes for all regions~EAC~Education
239 IV, 12. 4 | RTD~RTD Research framework programmes FP6, FP7~ ~SANCO~Public
240 IV, 12. 4 | programme~REGIO~Regional Policy programmes co-financed with the European
241 IV, 12. 4 | including~RTD~Research Framework Programmes FP6, FP7 ( research on health
242 IV, 12. 4 | under the EURATOM Framework Programmes (radiation protection)~ ~ ~ ~
243 IV, 12. 5 | Health policies and action programmes of the European Union as
244 IV, 12. 8 | country as well as visitor programmes using specific EU external
245 IV, 12. 8 | using specific EU external programmes (TACIS and TAIEX) and also
246 IV, 12. 8 | health Community action programmes that ran until the end of
247 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Smoking
248 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
249 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~MMain programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
250 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
251 IV, 12. 10 | determinants~ ~there are no special programmes; psychosocial health determinants
252 IV, 12. 10 | integrated in prevention programmes esp. for children and young
253 IV, 12. 10 | framework of disease management programmes, e.g. DMP CVD, structured
254 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
255 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
256 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
257 IV, 12. 10 | implementing a range of programmes in health promotion, immunisation
258 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
259 IV, 12. 10 | Solidarity organizes many programmes in order to bring on light
260 IV, 12. 10 | and to promote recycling programmes that will upgrade their
261 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Smoking
262 IV, 12. 10 | insurance :~ht ~ Regional programmes for care access:~htt ~ ~
263 IV, 12. 10 | intermediate~ ~Specialised programmes of French Institute For
264 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
265 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
266 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
267 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
268 IV, 12. 10 | and development of action programmes to stimulate the adoption
269 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
270 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Health-related
271 IV, 12. 10 | all to smoke.~Screening programmes~As part of the expanded
272 IV, 12. 10 | methodologies and of screening programmes based on them. The act issues
273 IV, 12. 10 | criteria for all screening programmes issued as part of the public
274 IV, 12. 10 | Finland.~ ~National screening programmes include screening for breast
275 IV, 12. 10 | cancer and foetal screening programmes, including screening for
276 IV, 12. 10 | scope of foetal screening programmes. The screening programmes
277 IV, 12. 10 | programmes. The screening programmes will be regularly evaluated
278 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~Smoking
279 IV, 12. 10 | High~ At local level~ Local programmes~Drugs and substance abuse~
280 IV, 12. 10 | Cervical Cancer Screening Programmes~Psychosocial health determinants~
281 IV, 12. 10 | regulations adopted~Main programmes on citizen empowerment~European
282 IV, 13.Acr | identified for community action programmes based on the burden of the
283 IV, 13.Acr | action, and whether the programmes would be valuable and complementary
284 IV, 13.Acr | multi-annual public health programmes runs from 2003-2008, and
285 IV, 13.Acr | data as some public health programmes may not be accounted for,
286 IV, 13.Acr | particular occupational health programmes, may fall on private enterprises.~ ~
287 IV, 13. 3 | evaluate cost-effectiveness of programmes represents the main limitation
288 IV, 13. 4 | impact of National Reform Programmes with Annual Joint Employment
289 IV, 13. 7. 3 | organised into four specific programmes stimulating, respectively: (
290 IV, 13. 7. 3 | compared to the previous programmes and focused on three fields:
